不断升级的疫情引发了针对中国新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)的一系列研究活动。科学家们期望能够尽快弄清这种病原体的来源、传播方式、致病性,以及找到治疗2019-nCoV感染的疗法。
据Nature统计,截至1月30日,已有超过50篇有关新型冠状病毒的英文论文发表。其中,超过30篇发表在预印版服务平台上,少数发表在同行评议的期刊上,包括The Lancet、Journal of Medical Virology等。
冠状病毒研究发文数量(图片来源:Nature)
很多论文包含了对病毒传播速度或潜伏期的估算,如1月29日发表在NEJM上一篇论文[4]通过分析武汉最早的425例确诊病例发现,新型冠状病毒平均潜伏期为5.2天。
另有一些研究集中在病毒的结构或基因组成上,如2月3日发表的1篇Nature揭示了2019-nCoV在全基因组水平上与蝙蝠冠状病毒96%相同,同时证实这种新型冠状病毒使用与SARS-CoV相同的细胞进入受体——ACE2[1]。这些信息可以用来识别药物靶点或开发疫苗。
在治疗方面,1月31日NEJM报道的美国首例新冠病毒感染病例康复记录进一步揭示了Remdesivir的治疗潜力[3]。同时,多项研究揭示,抗HIV药物atazanavir、efavirenz、ritonavir、dolutegravir、Kaletra[39,42],抗丙肝药物EPCLUSA(Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir)[37]以及SARS-CoV特异性全人源单克隆抗体CR3022[26]等也值得关注。
以下,我们汇总了研究新型冠状病毒的58篇论文,包括2篇Nature、2篇NEJM、5篇《柳叶刀》、2篇Journal of Medical Virology、1篇Journal of Genetics and Genomics、32篇发表在bioRxiv上的论文、13篇发表在medRxiv上的论文以及1篇发表在ChemRxiv上的论文。
特别提醒:57篇论文可全文免费阅读,下载PDF。
Nature(2篇)
[1] A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin论文要点:1)揭示2019-nCoV在全基因组水平上与蝙蝠冠状病毒96%相同;2)证实这种新型冠状病毒使用与SARS-CoV相同的细胞进入受体——ACE2[2] A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China论文要点:揭示新型冠状病毒与一组SARS样冠状病毒(曾在中国蝙蝠中鉴定出这类病毒)最为接近(89.1%的核苷酸相似)。
NEJM(2篇)
[3] First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirusin the United States[4] Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan,China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia论文要点:新型冠状病毒平均潜伏期为5.2天,且有证据表明,自2019年12月中旬以来,密切接触者之间已发生人际传播。
《柳叶刀》(5篇)
[5] Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China论文要点:分析了2019年12月16日至2020年1月2日期间在武汉市入院的首批41例确诊感染2019-nCoV的病例[6] A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster论文要点:首篇遗传分析研究,调查了因不明原因肺炎就诊的一个七口之家[7] Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding论文要点:发现2019-nCoV与两种源自蝙蝠的SARS类似冠状病毒的关联最为密切[8] Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan,China: a descriptive study论文要点:分析了99例实验室确诊的新型冠状病毒感染病例,发现其中大部分患者(46例)是从事海鲜市场销售的相关人员。[9] Nowcasting and forecasting thepotential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study论文要点:估计新型冠状病毒的R0值为2.68,并估算截至2020年1月25日,武汉市已有75 815人(95% CrI 37304–130330)被感染。
Journal of Medical Virology
(2篇)
[10] Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis论文要点:这篇小综述简要介绍了冠状病毒的一般特征,并描述了人类和动物中由不同冠状病毒引起的疾病[11] Homologous recombination within thespike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross‐species transmission from snake to human论文要点:1)2019‐nCoV似乎是蝙蝠冠状病毒和起源不明冠状病毒的重组病毒;2)蛇是2019‐nCoV最有可能的野生动物reservoir。
Journal of Genetics and Genomics
(1篇)
[12] Identification of potential cross-protective epitope between 2019-nCoV and SARS virus论文要点:揭示新冠状病毒与SARS存在交叉保护表位,有望推动冠状病毒通用型疫苗研发
bioRxiv(32篇)
[13] Modelling the epidemic trend of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China[14] 2019-20 Wuhan coronavirus outbreak:Intense surveillance is vital for preventing sustained transmission in new locations论文要点:评估新型冠状病毒到达其他国家时持续传播的风险[15] Complete genome characterisation of anovel coronavirus associated with severe human respiratory disease in Wuhan,China[16] Host and infectivity prediction of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus using deep learning algorithm论文要点:利用深度学习算法预测新型冠状病毒的宿主和传染性[17] Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan 2019-nCoV论文要点:新型冠状病毒早期人传人模式研究显示R0值约为2.2,表明存在持续人传人的潜力。[18] The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic:evidence for virus evolution论文要点:提供了新型冠状病毒初步的进化和分子流行病学分析,揭示2019-nCoV可以被认为是一种与SARS病毒不同的冠状病毒,它可能是通过蝙蝠或其它宿主传播,而突变赋予了它感染人类的能力。[19] Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential batorigin论文要点:新型冠状病毒可能起源于蝙蝠,与SARS-CoV借助相同的受体——ACE2进入细胞[20] Functional assessment of cell entryand receptor usage for lineage B β-coronaviruses, including 2019-nCoV论文要点:确认人类ACE2是2019-nCoV的受体[21] Genomic and protein structure modelling analysis depicts the origin and infectivity of 2019-nCoV, a new coronavirus which caused a pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China论文要点:对2019-nCoV的详细基因组和结构分析表明,该病毒是一种新型蝙蝠冠状病毒,在遗传上与人类SARS冠状病毒相当遥远。[22] A mathematical model for simulating the transmission of Wuhan novel Coronavirus论文要点:建立了Bats-Hosts-Reservoir-People传播网络模型,以模拟从感染源(可能是蝙蝠)到人类感染的潜在传播。[23] Transmission dynamics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)论文要点:2019-nCoV可能比2003年爆发的SARS具有更高的大流行风险。[24] Full-genome evolutionary analysis of the novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) rejects the hypothesis of emergence as aresult of a recent recombination event论文要点:新型冠状病毒的全基因组进化分析否定了近期重组事件导致病毒出现的假设[25] Nelfinavir was predicted to be apotential inhibitor of 2019-nCov main protease by an integrative approach combining homology modelling, molecular docking and binding free energy calculation论文要点:nelfinavir可能是2019-nCov主要蛋白酶(Mpro)的潜在抑制剂[26] Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody论文要点:首次报道了SARS-CoV特异性全人源单克隆抗体CR3022能够与2019-nCoV 受体结合域(receptor binding domain, RBD)有效结合。CR3022具有开发用于单药或联合其它中和抗体预防和治疗2019-nCoV感染的潜能。[27] Beware of asymptomatic transmission:Study on 2019-nCoV prevention and control measures based on extended SEIR model[28] Preliminary estimation of the basicr eproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak论文要点:2019-nCoV的R0估算均值为2.24~3.58。[29] Potential inhibitors for 2019-nCoV coronavirus M protease from clinically approved medicines论文要点:揭示10种已上市的药物(下图)是2019-nCoV主要蛋白酶的潜在抑制剂[30] Breaking down of healthcare system:Mathematical modelling for controlling the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)outbreak in Wuhan, China[31] Therapeutic Drugs Targeting 2019-nCoV Main Protease by High-Throughput Screening论文要点:高通量筛选靶向2019-nCoV主要蛋白酶的治疗药物[32] Insights into Cross-species Evolutionof Novel Human Coronavirus 2019-nCoV and Defining Immune Determinants for Vaccine Development论文要点:了解2019-nCoV的跨物种进化、确定疫苗开发的免疫决定因素[33] Evolution and variation of 2019-novel coronavirus论文要点:至少有两种不同的2019-nCoV病毒株与此次疫情有关[34] The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes论文要点:基于单细胞转录组的生物信息学分析,消化系统是2019-nCov感染的潜在途径[35] MRCA time and epidemic dynamics of the2019 novel coronavirus论文要点:新型冠状病毒的MRCA(most recent common ancestor)时间以及流行动态[36] The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV)uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 forentry into target cells论文要点:新型冠状病毒利用SARS冠状病毒受体ACE2和细胞蛋白酶TMPRSS2进入靶细胞[37] Nucleotide Analogues as Inhibitors of Viral Polymerases论文要点:1)推断FDA批准的治疗丙型肝炎的药物Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir也有潜能抑制2019-nCoV;2)描述了一种设计和合成病毒聚合酶抑制剂的新策略[38] Interpretable detection of novel humanviruses from genome sequencing data论文要点:利用NGS预测一种病毒是否可以直接感染人类[39] Molecular Modeling Evaluation of the Binding Abilities of Ritonavir and Lopinavir to Wuhan Pneumonia Coronavirus Proteases论文要点:由两个蛋白酶抑制剂ritonavir和lopinavir组成的抗HIV药物Kaletra对新型肺炎可能有治疗作用,这种治疗作用可能主要归因于ritonavir对新型冠状病毒肽链内切酶C30的抑制作用。[40] Highly Distinguished Amino AcidSequences of 2019-nCoV (Wuhan Coronavirus)论文要点:鉴定出了能够区分2019-nCoV与所有其它已知冠状病毒的一组氨基酸序列:两个在1ab polyprotein QHO60603.1中,一个在表面糖蛋白QHO60594.1中[41] Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool for rapid identification and characterization of novel coronavirus genomes论文要点:提出The Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool能够准确鉴定在中国和世界各地分离到的新型冠状病毒序列[42] Predicting commercially availableantiviral drugs that may act on the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Wuhan, Chinathrough a drug-target interaction deep learning model论文要点:建议在寻找2019-nCoV的有效治疗策略时,应考虑MT-DTI模型鉴定出的抗病毒药物清单,包括抗HIV药物atazanavir(抑制新型冠状病毒3C样蛋白酶的潜力最强)、efavirenz、ritonavir、dolutegravir、Kaletra等。[43] Fast assessment of human receptor-binding capability of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)论文要点:快速评估2019-nCoV的人类受体结合能力[44] Potent neutralization of 2019 novel coronavirus by recombinant ACE2-Ig
medRxiv(13篇)
[45] Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: early estimation of epidemiological parameters and epidemic predictions[46] Epidemiological characteristics ofnovel coronavirus infection: A statistical analysis of publicly available casedata论文要点:估算新型冠状病毒的潜伏期为2-9天;建议隔离的时间至少为9天[47] The incubation period of 2019-nCoV infections among travellers from Wuhan, China[48] Estimating the effective reproduction number of the 2019-nCoV in China论文要点:2019-nCoV的R0值高于SARS,致死率相当[49] Estimated effectiveness of traveller screening to prevent international spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)论文要点:评估旅行者筛查预防新型冠状病毒国际传播的有效性[50] Risk of 2019 novel coronavirus importations throughout China prior to the Wuhan quarantine[51] Effectiveness of airport screening atdetecting travellers infected with 2019-nCoV论文要点:关注机场筛查检测感染2019-nCoV旅客的有效性[52] Transmission and epidemiological characteristics of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-InfectedPneumonia:preliminary evidence obtained in comparison with 2003-SARS论文要点:1)新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎(NCIP)新确诊病例和导致死亡人数的增长率明显高于2003-SARS;2)NCIP的致死率低于2003-SARS,治愈率更高;3)NCIP患者年龄主要集中在30-50岁(68.29%)。[53] Real time estimation of the risk ofdeath from novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection: Inference using exported cases[54] Early evaluation of the Wuhan City travel restrictions in response to the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak论文要点:旅行禁令将2019-nCoV从武汉扩散到中国其他城市的时间延迟了2.91天[55] Reconciling early-outbreak preliminary estimates of the basic reproductive number and its uncertainty: a new frameworkand applications to the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak[56] Modelling the epidemic trend of the2019-nCOV outbreak in Hubei Province, China论文要点:通过SEIR模拟,预测2020年1月28日至2月7日湖北将出现疫情高峰,累计7000-9000感染病例。[57] Early dynamics of transmission and control of 2019-nCoV: a mathematical modelling study论文要点:2019-nCoV具有持续人传人的巨大潜力
ChemRxiv(1篇)
[58] Learning from the Past: Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Causedby 2019-nCoV论文要点:提出了可能用于治疗2019-nCoV感染患者的4种候选药物——一种基于ACE2的肽、remdesivir、3CLpro-1和一种新型乙烯基砜蛋白酶抑制剂。
参考资料:
1# China coronavirus: how many papers have been published? (来源:N)
2# 翘首以盼的流行病学数据来了|新冠肺炎(来源:NEJM医学前沿)