(一),经文
希言自然。
故飘风不终朝(zhāo),骤雨不终日。
孰为此者?天地。
天地尚不能久,而况于人乎?
故从事于道者,道者同于道,德者同于德,失者同于失。
同于道者,道亦乐(lè)得之;同于德者,德亦乐得之;同于失者,失亦乐得之。
信不足焉,有不信焉。
(二),关键词解析
希:散也,分散、扩散。见《道德经》第四章:“渊兮,似万物之宗。”扩散是道的规律之一,见涌旋图。
言:无义,用于句中或句首,作语气助词。如“静言思之”(《诗·邶风·柏舟》),“既盟之后,言归于好”(《左传》)。朝:与“日”同,指一天,而非指早上。其一,暴风持续一早上并不为怪。其二,《道德经》中应用了大量异名同谓的词,行文并列,释义时惟有将其同化,不能异化。所以那些所谓依道而为的言论和行为,有道的合乎道,有德的合乎德,有失的合乎失(道、德、失渐散)。合乎道的,道也顺理成章、自然而然地实现了它;合乎德的,德也顺理成章、自然而然地实现了它;合乎失的,失也顺理成章、自然而然地实现了它。(那些所谓依道而为的言论和行为),有的可信度不足,有的压根不可信。Decentralization is natural.So the gale doesn't last all day, the shower doesn't last all day.Who is responsible for such high concentration behaviors as gale and shower? Heaven and earth.Heaven and earth are not sustainable(for concentration behaviors) , let alone human beings?Therefore, for those so-called words and actions that are based on Tao, those with Tao are in line with Tao, those with virtue are in line with virtue, and those with loss are in line with loss (Tao, virtue and loss gradually disperse and lose the truth).If it is in line with Tao, it is naturally realized by Tao; if it is in line with virtue, it is naturally realized by virtue; if it is in line with loss, it is naturally realized by loss.(For those so-called words and actions that are based on Tao),some are not credible enough, some are not credible at all.上一章讲圣人处理事物的方式——“曲”——“抱一”,聚拢归一,与事物合为一体之完全客观。此章讲人们处理事物的实际情况不是聚拢归一而是发散——“希”。这种发散失真即难以客观的状况也是自然而然的,不客观必然是绝大多数。人们对《道德经》的解读、对科学的膜拜、对中医的理解、对宇宙的理解无一不如此。只有把“希”解读为发散、分散,局部和整体的逻辑才能统一。所谓“乐得之”,我们可以发现《道德经》各版本以及各释义的错误——以各自的标准,也可以发现其正确——以各自的标准。该篡改的会被篡改——以各自的标准;该纠正的会被纠正——以各自的标准;该延续的依旧延续——以各自的标准;该淘汰的会被淘汰——以各自的标准。实践所检验的,可不一定是真理。佛曰:因果循环。