JAVA连接、操作数据库的DBHelper

1 import java.sql.Connection;
  2 import java.sql.DriverManager;
  3 import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
  4 import java.sql.ResultSet;
  5 import java.sql.Statement;
  6
  7 /**
  8  * 数据库工具类，负责完成打开、关闭数据库，执行查询或更新
  9  * @author MKing
 10  *
 11  */
 12 public class DbHelper {
 13     /**
 14      * 数据库URL
 15      */
 16     private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bookstore";
 17     /**
 18      * 登录用户名
 19      */
 20     private static final String USER = "root";
 21     /**
 22      * 登录密码
 23      */
 24     private static final String PASSWORD = "12345";
 25
 26     private static Connection connection = null;
 27     private static Statement statement = null;
 28
 29     private static DbHelper helper = null;
 30
 31     static {
 32         try {
 33             Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 34         } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
 35             e.printStackTrace();
 36         }
 37     }
 38
 39     private DbHelper() throws Exception {
 40         connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
 41         statement = connection.createStatement();
 42     }
 43
 44     /**
 45      * 返回单例模式的数据库辅助对象
 46      *
 47      * @return
 48      * @throws Exception
 49      */
 50     public static DbHelper getDbHelper() throws Exception {
 51         if (helper == null || connection == null || connection.isClosed())
 52             helper = new DbHelper();
 53         return helper;
 54     }
 55
 56     /**
 57      * 执行查询
 58      * @param sql 要执行的SQL语句
 59      * @return  查询的结果集对象
 60      * @throws Exception
 61      */
 62     public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) throws Exception {
 63         if (statement != null) {
 64             return statement.executeQuery(sql);
 65         }
 66
 67         throw new Exception("数据库未正常连接");
 68     }
 69
 70     /**
 71      * 执行查询
 72      * @param sql  要执行的带参数的SQL语句
 73      * @param args  SQL语句中的参数值
 74      * @return  查询的结果集对象
 75      * @throws Exception
 76      */
 77     public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, Object...args) throws Exception {
 78         if (connection == null || connection.isClosed()) {
 79             DbHelper.close();
 80             throw new Exception("数据库未正常连接");
 81         }
 82         PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 83         int index = 1;
 84         for (Object arg : args) {
 85             ps.setObject(index, arg);
 86             index++;
 87         }
 88
 89         return ps.executeQuery();
 90     }
 91
 92     /**
 93      * 执行更新
 94      * @param sql  要执行的SQL语句
 95      * @return  受影响的记录条数
 96      * @throws Exception
 97      */
 98     public int executeUpdate(String sql) throws Exception {
 99         if (statement != null) {
100             return statement.executeUpdate(sql);
101         }
102         throw new Exception("数据库未正常连接");
103     }
104
105     /**
106      * 执行更新
107      * @param sql  要执行的SQL语句
108      * @param args  SQL语句中的参数
109      * @return  受影响的记录条数
110      * @throws Exception
111      */
112     public int executeUpdate(String sql, Object...args) throws Exception {
113         if (connection == null || connection.isClosed()) {
114             DbHelper.close();
115             throw new Exception("数据库未正常连接");
116         }
117         PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
118         int index = 1;
119         for (Object arg : args) {
120             ps.setObject(index, arg);
121             index++;
122         }
123         return ps.executeUpdate();
124     }
125
126     /**
127      * 获取预编译的语句对象
128      * @param sql  预编译的语句
129      * @return  预编译的语句对象
130      * @throws Exception
131      */
132     public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql) throws Exception {
133         return connection.prepareStatement(sql);
134     }
135
136     /**
137      * 关闭对象，同时将关闭连接
138      */
139     public static void close() {
140         try {
141             if (statement != null)
142                 statement.close();
143             if (connection != null)
144                 connection.close();
145         } catch (Exception e) {
146             e.printStackTrace();
147         } finally {
148             helper = null;
149         }
150     }
151 }