人文湖南 | 慢品社区老房子 · 潘汉年旧居淮海中路1350弄5号
潘汉年旧居 淮海中路1350弄5号
潘汉年旧居位于淮海中路1350弄5号。1至15号建于1941年，16号稍晚，总建筑面积5877平方米。建筑由4排16幢三层砖混结构住宅组成，入口上方书“愉园”两字。单幢正立面左侧入口以爱奥尼克式柱支承二层阳台，右侧三层退为阳台，钢窗，缓坡红瓦屋顶，水泥拉毛外墙，用红砖砌窗框和窗间柱，房前为花园。1949年前，潘汉年曾住愉园5号，那里同时也是中共地下党机关所在地。2005年10月31日上海市人民政府公布其为市优秀历史建筑。
潘汉年简介
潘汉年（1906—1977）江苏宜兴人。1924年加入创造社，主编刊物《洪水》。1925年加入中国共产党。曾任《革命军日报》总编辑、国民革命军总政治部宣传科长、中共中央宣传部文化工作委员会书记、左翼文化总同盟中共党团书记、中共江西苏区中央局宣传部长、中国工农红军总政治部宣传部长兼地方工作部部长等。1927年后还曾代表中共同鲁迅建立联系，组织左翼作家联盟。
1936年和1937年被中共中央正式任命为与国民党谈判的代表。1937年9月任八路军驻上海办事处主任。抗日战争和解放战争期间，在上海等地领导对敌隐蔽斗争和开展统战工作。1949至1955年，先后任中共华东局和上海市委社会部部长、统战部长、上海市委副书记和第三书记、上海市副市长。1955年4月3日因”内奸“问题被判刑。1977年含冤病逝。1982年8月，中共中央为其平反昭雪，公开恢复名誉。
潘汉年
他把我们凝聚在党的周围
1950年初，国民党飞机轰炸上海，不少工商企业遭受重创，市民争先恐后地抢购物资，人心惶惶。过年在即，荣氏企业却因原料、动力、资金等问题，无法及时向工人发放年关双薪，工人们怨声载道，劳资矛盾一触即发。2月的一天，申新六厂多位职工来到荣府，将荣毅仁围在客厅，情绪激烈地交涉领取薪资事宜，双方陷入了僵局。时任上海市副市长的潘汉年闻讯后在第一时间赶赴荣家，安抚群情激愤的工人们，承诺会为他们做主。
潘汉年见荣毅仁神情焦虑尴尬，便走上前恳切地握着他的手，表示工人们的思想工作由他来做， 请荣毅仁相信上海的工人阶级是通情达理的。当一位年长的工人埋怨“市长太官僚，不知市面上的东西全抢光了”时，潘汉年并未动怒责怪他，反而微笑着对他说：“全国都在支持上海，上海国营公司货源不断， 投机商的钱快用光了，他们的仓库堆满了，物价开始下跌，这下他们可吃够投机的苦头了！”深入浅出的阐释缓解了工人们的恐慌心理。他诚恳地劝慰工人们顾全大局，可派遣工人代表到市委开会，与市委书记和总工会负责人商议解决方案，并建议他们投入生产，因为“工厂开起工来，恢复和发展生产，不只是对资本家有利，对工人也有利”。
1938 年春，潘汉年（后排左一）与文化界人士合影
离开荣家后，潘汉年立即召集有关部门开会研讨，从公私关系、劳资关系到原料供应、成品收购以及银行贷款，都逐一做出了综合部署，使申新六厂在短时间内恢复了正常的生产与运作。潘汉年顺利平息这场年关风波，使荣毅仁和其他工商人士认识到共产党真诚帮助私营企业度过难关、 雪中送炭的执政理念，深切体悟并衷心拥护共产党“发展生产，繁荣经济，公私兼顾，劳资两利”的政策。后来，荣毅仁回忆潘汉年的文章便是以“他把我们凝聚在党的周围”为题。
潘汉年 （钱定华画）
Introduction of former
residence of PAN Hannian
The former residence of PAN Hannian is located at No.5 in Alley 1350 on Middle Huaihai Road. Buildings No.1 to 15 were built in 1941 and No.16 later, with a total construction area of 5,877 square meters.
There are four rows of 16 three-storey residences with a structure of brick and concrete. Above the entrance are two Chinese characters which mean “Happy Garden”. At the left side of the entrance in the front of a single facade the Ionic pillars are used to support the second floor balcony, while the right side at the third floor retreats to form the balcony.
These buildings have steel windows, roofs with gentle slope and red tile, and cement napped walls. Red bricks are adopted for window frames and window columns. In front of them is a garden. Before 1949, PAN lived at No. 5 in Happy Garden, which was also the office of the underground Communist Party. On October 31, 2005, it became a Heritage Architecture issued by the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government.
PAN Hannian (1906-1977) has his ancestral family from Yixing in Jiangsu province. In 1924, he joined the Creation Society and worked as editor of Flood. In 1925, he joined the CPC. Once he severed as editor-in-chief of Revolutionary Army Daily, section chief of the publicity division of the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army, secretary of Cultural Affairs Working Committee of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee, Party secretary of the CPC in Left-Wing Culture General Union, minister of the Publicity Department of the Central Soviet Area in Jiangxi province, and minister of publicity of the General Political Department as well as minister of Local Work Department of the Chinese Red Army of Worker and Farmer.
After 1927, he also established contact with LU Xun on behalf of the CPC and organized the Left-Wing Writers Union. In 1936 and 1937, he was officially appointed as one of the representatives by the CPC Central Committee to negotiate with the KMT. In September 1937, he started to serve as director of office of the Eight Route Army in Shanghai. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Invasion and the War of Liberation, he led underground struggle against enemy and carried out united front work in Shanghai and other places.
From 1949 to 1955, he served in succession as minister of Social Affairs Department and United Front Department of the CPC East China Bureau and the Shanghai Municipal Committee, deputy secretary and the third secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Committee and deputy mayor of Shanghai. On April 3, 1955, he was sentenced to imprisonment due to the issue of “traitor”. In 1977 he died of disease with grievance. In August 1982, the CPC Central Committee redressed the fabricated case and publicly restored his reputation.
In early 1950, the KMT airplanes bombed Shanghai so that many industrial and commercial enterprises suffered from heavy losses. The public scrambled to buy supplies and people were disquieted and rushed into panic. The Chinese New Year was approaching, but the Rongs’ business could not double pay workers in a timely manner at the eve of the New Year because of raw materials, power and capital. In his case workers complained everywhere and labor-capital conflicts could be triggered at any moment.One day in February, a number of employees of Shenxin No. 6 Factory came to the house of the RONG family and surrounded him in the living room. They negotiated for the matters of salary indignantly and intensively and the two sides reached an impasse.
At that time PAN Hannian was vice mayor of Shanghai. At the news he rushed to the RONG family in the first time, appeased the crowd of angry workers and promised to call the shots for them. Seeing that RONG Yiren looked worried and embarrassed, he walked forward and earnestly held his hand to confirm that he would pacificate workers.
In addition he asked RONG to believe that the working class in Shanghai was reasonable. When an older worker complained that “the vice mayor is too bureaucratic, but he does not know that the market emptied”, PAN did not get angry or blamed him. Instead he smiled and said to him, “The whole country is in support of Shanghai. Moreover the supplies of goods for the state-run companies in Shanghai are incessant. When the speculators run out of money and their warehouse are filled with goods, the prices will begin to fall. In the event, they will suffer a lot because of their speculation.”
The clear and plain interpretation relieved all the panic of workers. He persuaded the workers to take the overall situation into consideration and asked them to select representatives of workers to attend the meeting held by the municipal committee of the CPC to discuss for solution with the party secretary and head of the trade union. Also he suggested that they should renew production because “the factory starts to restore and develop production, which is not only beneficial to capitalists, but to workers as well.”
After leaving RONG’s home, PAN immediately held a meeting of relevant departments to make a discussion. The meeting made a comprehensive deployment, including public-private relations, labor-capital relations, raw material supply, finished product purchase and bank loans, so that Shenxin No. Six Factory restored normal production and operation in a short period of time.
PAN successfully calmed down this crisis at the eve of the Chinese New Year, which enabled RONG Yiren and other businessmen to realize the governing philosophy of the Communist Party who helped with good faith the private enterprises pull through difficulties with timely assistance, so that they deeply understood and sincerely supported the policy of the Communist Party “development of production, economic prosperity, consideration of both public and private and win-win of both labor and capital”. Later, RONG recalled him in his article which took as its title “He United Us around the Party”.
信息来源：《200031——一个历史街区的文化记忆》