词汇是英语学习的基础，其中基本词汇更是基础中的基础。学习日常生活基本词汇，提高基本写作和听说写能力，是每个英语学习者必学的基础知识。 家庭成员的称呼有的时候非常的繁杂，稍不留神就很容易出错，特别是 grand 和 step 开头的复合词，还有 in-law 结尾的复合词及其对应的复数形式。因此万变不离其宗，只要基础打得好，方能得心应手。一、常见家庭成员词汇 aunt 阿姨My aunt lives in Canada.我的姑母住在加拿大。baby 宝贝，婴儿My sister's expecting a baby .我姐姐怀孕了。bride 新娘He introduced his new bride.他介绍了他的新娘。bridegroom [ˈbraɪdɡruːm] 新郎Her bridegroom is handsome.她的新郎官很帅气。brother （同父母的）兄，弟He's my brother.他是我哥哥（或弟弟）。brother-in-law 大伯子；小叔子；内兄（或弟）；姐（或妹）夫；姑兄（或弟）；连襟His sister and brother-in-law are planning to leave the business next year.他的姐姐和姐夫明年都不打算干了。child 儿童，小孩When I was a child I lived in a country village.我小时候生活在一个小乡村里。children儿童，孩子们They have three grown-up children.他们有三个成年的孩子。cousin 同辈表亲（或堂亲）；堂兄（或弟、姊、妹）；表兄（或弟、姊、妹）She's my cousin.她是我的表妹。dad 爸爸，用于非正式场合That's my dad over there.那边那位是我爸爸。daughter 女儿We have two sons and a daughter.我们有两儿一女。daughter-in-law 儿媳妇My parents say they could not find a better daughter-in-law.我父母说再也找不到比她更好的媳妇。divorced 离婚Are they going to get divorced ?他们打算离婚吗？engaged 已订婚的She's engaged to Peter.她与彼得订了婚。family 家庭All my family enjoy skiing.我们全家都喜欢滑雪。father 父亲Ben's a wonderful father.本是个极好的父亲。father-in-law 岳父As we all know, his power comes from his father-in-law.众所周知，他的权力来自他的岳父。grandchild 孙子；孙女；外孙子；外孙女Mary loves her grandchildren.玛丽很疼爱她的孙子们。grandad 爷爷；外公My grandad is 85.我爷爷85岁了。granddaughter 孙女The old man left all his money to his granddaughter.老人把所有的钱留给他的孙女。grandfather （外）祖父；爷爷；外公His grandfather was a professor.他的爷爷曾是一名教授。grandmother （外）祖母；奶奶；外婆My grandmothers are both widows.我奶奶和外婆都是孤寡一人。grandpa （外）祖父；爷爷；姥爷；外公，用于非正式场合Grandpa was not yet back from the war.爷爷当时还没有从战场归来。grandparents （外）祖父母Tammy was raised by her grandparents.塔米是爷爷奶奶抚养大的。grandson （外）孙子;（外）孙女My grandson's birthday was on Tuesday.星期二是我孙子的生日。granny 奶奶；姥姥，用于非正式场合Granny travelled down by train.奶奶是乘火车过来的。half-brother 同母异父（或同父异母）的兄弟Do you still live with you half-brother?你还和你同母异父弟弟住在一起？half-sister 同母异父（或同父异母）的姐妹I have deserted also his little half-sister.我也遗弃了他的同父异母的小妹妹。husband 丈夫She doesn't want to go back to her husband.她不想回到丈夫的身边了。marriage 结婚；婚姻She has two children by a previous marriage.她和前夫有两个孩子。married 已婚的How long have you been married?你结婚多长时间了？mom 妈妈，用于非正式场合Where's my mom?我妈在哪儿？mother 母亲，妈妈She's the mother of twins.她有一对双胞胎。mother-in-law 婆婆，岳母She moved out because her mother-in-law is too bossy.她的婆婆爱指使人，所以她搬出去住了。nephew [ˈnefjuː] 侄子She has a nephew who is just ten years of age她有一个才10岁的侄子。niece [niːs] 侄女，甥女My niece is a high-school graduate.我侄女是个高中毕业生。parent 父亲（或母亲），常用复数He's still living with his parents.他还和父母住在一起。relative 亲戚；亲属The elderly relative had died of old age.这位年事已高的亲戚得享天年。separated 分居的He's been separated from his wife for a year.他和妻子分居一年了。single 单身的；未婚的；无伴侣的Are you still single?你还是单身吗？sister 姐；妹We're sisters.我们是姐妹。sister-in-law 大（或小）姨子；大（或小）姑子；嫂子；弟媳；妯娌；丈夫的（或妻子的）嫂子（或弟媳）Her sister-in-law's nose is a little out of joint.她嫂子有点儿心烦。son 儿子They have three grown-up sons.他们有三个成年的儿子。son-in-law 女婿He will make a fine son-in-law and great father.他将是一位好女婿及好爸爸。stepbrother 继兄，继弟（继母与其前夫或继父与其前妻所生的儿子）I've suddenly acquired a stepbrother.我突然有了一个继兄弟。stepdaughter 继女He loved his stepdaughter as if she were his own child.他爱他的继女，就好像她是自己的孩子一样。stepfather 继父His stepfather ran a prosperous paint business.他的继父经营着一家生意红火的涂料公司。stepmother 继母They learned to accept their stepmother in time.过了一段时间之后他们学会了接受他们的继母。stepsister 继姐，继妹（继母与其前夫或继父与其前妻所生的女儿）She was also going to have a new stepsister.她还将有一个新的继妹。stepson 继子His stepson is still very distant towards him.他的继子对他仍然很疏远。twin 双胞胎之一I can't tell one twin from the other.我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。uncle 舅父；叔父；伯父；姑父；姨父I'm going to visit my uncle.我要去看我舅舅。wedding 婚礼Have you been invited to their wedding?他们有没有邀请你参加婚礼？wife 妻子；太太；夫人；已婚妇女She's his second wife.她是他的第二任妻子。
二、跟家庭有关的常见提问方式Do you have any family around here?你这附近有家人吗？Do you have a large or small family?你有一个大家庭还是一个小家庭？How many people are there in your family?你家有多少人？How many brothers has she got?她有几个兄弟？How big is your family?你家有几口人？Have you got any brothers or sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？Do you have any brothers or sisters? If so, how old are they?你有兄弟姐妹吗？如果是，他们多大了？Do you have any siblings? What’s his/her name?你有兄弟姐妹吗？他/她叫什么名字？Do you have any children? If yes, what are their names and ages?你有孩子吗？如果是，他们的姓名和年龄是多少？Do you live with your grandparents?你和你的外祖父母住在一起吗？How many cousins do you have?你有几个堂兄弟姐妹？How many aunts and uncles do you have?你有几个叔叔阿姨？How many brothers and sisters do you have?你有多少兄弟姐妹？How many children do you have?你有几个孩子？How many members do you have in your family altogether?你家一共有几个成员？How often do you see your cousins?你多久见一次你的表亲？How often do you see your grandparents?你多久见一次你的祖父母？How often is your entire family together?你全家多久聚一次？Does your family usually have dinner together?你的家人通常一起吃饭吗？How old are your brothers and sisters?你的兄弟姐妹多大了？How old are your children?你的孩子多大了？How old are your grandparents?你的祖父母多大了？How old are your parents?你父母多大了？Are you the oldest/youngest amongst your brothers and sisters?你是你兄弟姐妹中年纪最大/最小的吗？Are you an only child?你是独生子吗？Do you have younger or older brothers / sisters?你有弟弟或姐姐吗？Are you married or single?你已婚还是单身？Do you have a boyfriend or girlfriend?你有男朋友或女朋友吗？Does your family live in a house or an apartment?你的家人是住在房子里还是公寓里？Where do your grandparents live?你的外祖父母住在哪里？Where does your father's father live?你爷爷住在哪里？Where does your mother's mother live?你的外婆住在哪里？Do you keep in touch with your parents and siblings?你和你的父母和兄弟姐妹保持联系吗？Did you ever meet any of your great grandparents?你见过你的曾祖父母吗？Do you get along well with your family?你和家人相处得好吗？Do you get along well with your brothers and sisters?你和你的兄弟姐妹相处得好吗？Do you get along well with your in-laws?你和你的姻亲相处得好吗？Do you have to clean your own room?你必须打扫你自己的房间吗？Does your mother make you clean your room?你妈妈会让你打扫房间吗？Do you like your family? Why or why not?你喜欢你的家人吗？为什么？为什么不？Do you live with any of your grandparents?你和你的祖父母住在一起吗？Do you live/stay with your parents?你和你父母住在一起吗？Do you look more like your mother or your father?你看起来更像你妈妈还是你爸爸？Do you often argue with your mother or father?你经常和你的父母争论吗？Do you often visit your grandparents?你经常去看望你的祖父母吗？Do you think people should adopt children from other countries?你认为人们应该领养其他国家的孩子吗？Do you usually have any influence on family matters?你通常对家庭事务有话语权吗？Do your parents trust you?你父母信任你吗？Do you think your parents understand you? Why or why not?你认为你父母了解你吗？为什么？为什么不？Do your parents let you stay out late?你父母允许你在外面呆到很晚吗？Do you help your mother at home?你在家会帮助妈妈做家务吗？What household chores do you do?你做什么家务？Are your parents strict?你父母严厉吗？Are your parents flexible?你父母好相处吗？Are your parents permissive or authoritative?你的父母是宽容的还是专断的？Are your parents overprotective?你父母保护过度了吗？What does your father do? What's his job?你父亲是做什么的？他的工作是什么？Where does your father work?你父亲在哪里工作？What does your mother/father like?你的母亲/父亲喜欢什么？How did you get your name?你的名字是怎么取的？Who are you named after? / For whom are you named?你的名字是随谁起的？
