Unlawfully wed 小小新娘 | 经济学人中英双语对照精读笔记
本文选自 TE20210626期，Asia版
Unlawfully wed
非法结婚
Religious courts continue to allow grown men to marry girls.
宗教法院继续允许成年男子与女孩结婚。
印尼司法机构，设有地方法院、高等法院及最高法院，诉讼案件先经地方法院审理，最高法院为终审法院并审查案件。地方行政法院处理针对政府于行政法上的救济案件；宪法法院则处理法律合宪性、政党解散等；宗教法院负责伊斯兰教法的案件整理。
When rasminah was 13 her parents forced her to abandon her education and get married to a man who was then 27. “I was heartbroken,” she says. “I would watch my friends leave for school every morning wishing that was my life.” When the marriage failed she was married again, aged 15, to a 40-year-old man.
拉斯米娜13岁时，父母强迫她放弃学业，嫁给一个27岁的男人。“我很伤心，”她说，“每天早上，我看到我的朋友们去上学，希望这就是我的生活。”婚姻失败后，她15岁又嫁给了一个40岁的男人。
leave for 到…地方去;去某地
One in nine Indonesian women is married before turning 18. The country’s lawmakers want that to change. Two years ago they raised the legal age of marriage for women from 16 to 19, to match that for men. At the start of 2020 the government restated its ambition to cut the rate of child marriage by 40% within a decade.
九分之一的印尼女性已在18岁之前结婚。该国立法者希望改变这种状况。两年前，他们将女性的法定结婚年龄从16岁提高到19岁，和男性相匹配。2020年初，政府重申了十年内将童婚率降低40%的雄心壮志。
restate 重申；重新表述
Raising the age at which women can marry has sent an important signal. But the new rules contain big holes. Religious courts have retained the right to wave through underage marriages for families who ask nicely. Parents make use of this procedure to arrange hasty weddings for girls who have got pregnant, among other reasons. Almost all requests are granted, often without the knowledge or approval of the child involved. Applications for these dispensations rocketed after the marriage-age was raised.
提高女性结婚年龄发出了一个重要信号。但新规定存在很大漏洞。宗教法院保留了因家庭善意请求而准许未成年婚姻的权利。除其它原因外，父母利用这一程序为怀孕的女孩安排仓促的婚礼。几乎所有的请求都被批准了，往往没有相关儿童的知情或赞同。结婚年龄提高后，申请这些豁免的人数激增。
wave through 挥手示意…通过
dispensation 豁免
Meanwhile only about 5% of all marriages involving children go through legal channels, according to a government estimate. In lots of cases authorities are deliberately kept in the dark by families who know that the nuptials are unlawful. But marriages also go unregulated because registering them involves cost and hassle, says Nina Nurmila of the National Commission on Violence Against Women. Asking an official to travel to witness a rural marriage can cost around $40—about one-and-a-half times the monthly wage of an Indonesian living on the national poverty line. Many families conclude that it is sufficient to get the blessing of religious leaders, says Nani Zulminarni of pekka, a women’s group.
与此同时，据政府估计，只有约5%涉及儿童的婚姻走的是合法渠道。在很多情况下，当局被那些知道婚礼是非法的家庭故意蒙在鼓里。但是，国家暴力侵害妇女委员会的Nina Nurmila说，（这种）婚姻也将不受监管，因为登记婚姻涉及成本和麻烦。要求一名官员前往见证一场乡村婚姻花费约40美元，大约是生活在国家贫困线上的印尼人月工资的1.5倍。妇女组织pekka的Nani Zulminarni说，许多家庭认为得到宗教领袖的祝福就足够了。
go through 经历，走（流程）
in the dark 无知，不知
nuptial 婚礼
Changing people’s attitudes to child marriage is the hardest task. In February a matchmaking agency made the news after vowing to help women “perform their duties” by “marrying between the ages of 12 and 21 (and no later!) to please Allah”. The government’s strategy emphasises the need to educate families about the downsides of marrying before adulthood.
改变人们对童婚的态度是最艰巨的任务。今年2月份，一家婚介机构发布了这条新闻，此前该机构誓言要帮助女性“履行职责”，即“在12岁到21岁之间（而不能更晚！）结婚以取悦真主”。政府的战略强调有必要对家庭进行教育，让他们了解未成年结婚的弊端。
Experience from past disasters suggests that the pandemic will make things much worse. In 2018 an earthquake and tsunami struck Palu, a city on the island of Sulawesi; the next year cases of child marriage rose from 14 to 48 in just one village, according to libu Perempuan (lp), a women’s-rights group. Dewi Rana of lp says some children there were herded into marriage after being orphaned, because locals thought that was a good way to make sure they received support. Some girls who had been sexually abused by men in the aftermath of the disaster were forced to marry their attackers.
过去灾难的经验表明，这场疫情使情况变得更糟。2018年，一场地震和海啸袭击了苏拉威西岛的帕卢市；据妇女权利组织libu Perempuan（lp）称，第二年，仅在一个村庄的童婚案件就从14例增加到48例。lp的Dewi Rana说，那里的一些儿童成为孤儿后，被迫结婚，因为当地人认为这是确保她们得到支持的好方法。一些在灾难发生后受到男性性虐待的女孩被迫与施暴者结婚。
In the aftermath of …… 在……结束后的一段时间里
Lia Anggie of the Indonesian Women’s Coalition, which represents several charities, says that school closures during the pandemic have made it more likely that girls will have sexual relationships that lead to them being pushed into marriage. Closed classrooms have also interrupted the delivery of new curriculums which, it was hoped, would help youngsters resist pressure to marry. The government estimates that an additional 2.8m Indonesians fell into poverty last year; financial distress makes families more keen to seek husbands for their daughters. It will be hard for officials to untangle this knot.
印尼妇女联盟的Lia Anngia，代表了多家慈善机构，她说，疫情期间学校关闭使得女孩更可能发生性关系，导致她们被迫结婚。封闭的教室也中断了新课程的提供。人们希望新课程能帮助年轻人抵御结婚的压力。政府估计，去年还有280万人陷入贫困；经济困难使家庭更热衷于为女儿寻找丈夫。官员们很难解开这个结。
“王不留说”
前段时间刷爆大家微博微信的云南女校长张桂梅，在讲自己办女子高中初衷的时候讲到一个故事：
曾经她在县城一所中学任教期间，一次家访的路上遇到一个坐在上坡上的女孩。
聊天后得知女孩已经定亲，不久就要结婚了，但回学校继续读书才是她的愿望。
在那座大山里，女孩十几岁就结婚是一件很正常的事。
张桂梅听了很难过，从那时起，她就决定专门为贫困女孩们创办一所学校，帮助她们摆脱早早嫁人的命运。
在女子高中，如果有学生会从课堂上消失，张桂梅会到女孩家中家访，尽自己最大努力把学生带回课堂。
因为她觉得，一个读过书，受过教育的妈妈不会让自己的孩子早早辍学，早早嫁人。
拯救一个女孩可以改变三代人的命运。
在我们的生活里，依然有许多需要被帮助的女孩。
她们可能因为家里的贫穷很早离开校园走进社会，或者走进婚姻。
我知道帮助一个女孩子可能不会改变社会大的现状，但是却至少可以改变这个女孩子的一生，提高她对自己性别的认同。
我们能做的，就是助力更多需要帮助的女孩，让这个世界因此变得更好一点点。
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