英语学术论文写作表达模板

作为非英语母语者，大家在写作英文论文的时候，会经常遇到一些遣词造句的问题。我们为大家归纳总结了使用在学术论文不同位置、不同用途的短语、句型的用法和示例，可以有效帮助大家写作英文论文。

英文论文写作基本分6个部分，分别为：

Introducing work（介绍）

Referring to Sources（引证）

Describing Method（方法描述）

Reporting Results（结果汇报）

Discussing Findings（结果讨论）

Writing Conclusion（结论）

接下来，对应论文写作的6个部分，我们将给大家介绍每个部分的作用以及常用的写作句式，并且提供例句以供参考。

Introducing work

首先给大家介绍Introducing work部分：

学术论文或短文的导语有很多方法。然而，大多数学者在他们的导言中似乎都会做以下一项或多项。

研究背景，背景和/或主题的重要性。

提出问题

界定主题和/或论文中使用的关键术语。

阐明论文的目的。

概述写作的范围和/或结构；

稍微不那么复杂的导言可能只是告诉读者：主题是什么，为什么重要，以及如何组织写作。在很短的文章中，作者通常会在开头简单地说明写作目的。研究性论文和学位论文的导语与文章的其他部分相比，往往相对较短，但其功能要素却相当复杂。一些比较常见的要素包括：

确立背景、背景和/或主题的重要性。

简要回顾相关学术文献

找出研究领域的问题、争议或知识空白

说明研究的目的和研究的问题或假设

提供研究设计和方法的概要

解释研究的意义或价值

界定某些关键术语

提供论文或报告结构的概述

研究文章导语中的常见模式之一是John Swales（1990）首次描述的CARS模式（创建研究空间）。这种模式利用了一个生态学的隐喻，最简单的形式有三个要素或动作。

确立领域（确立课题的重要性，回顾以前的工作）

查明利基niche (表明知识差距)

占据有利位置（列出新研究的目的，列出问题，说明工作的价值，说明写作的结构）

例句示范

Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society

X has a pivotal role in …

X is fast becoming a key instrument in …

X is essential for a wide range of technologies.

X can play an important role in addressing the issue of …

Xs are one of the most widely used groups of antibacterial agents and …

Xs are one of the most widely used groups of Y and have been extensively used for ….

Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline

A key aspect of X is …

X is of interest because …

X is a fundamental property of …

The concepts of X and Y are central to …

X has been instrumental in our understanding of …

X has long been a question of great interest in a wide range of fields.

Establishing the importance of the topic (time frame given)

Recently, there has been renewed interest in …

Recent developments in X have heightened the need for …

X proved an important literary genre in the early Y community.

The past decade has seen the rapid development of X in many …

Since it was reported in 2005, X has been attracting a lot of interest.

In light of recent events in X, it is becoming extremely difficult to ignore the existence of …

Establishing the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed

X is a major problem in …

The main disadvantage of X is that …

X is one of the most frequently stated problems with …

Lack of X has existed as a health problem for many years.

X is the leading cause of death in western-industrialised countries.

There is increasing concern that some Xs are being disadvantaged …

Referring to previous work to establish what is already known

Extensive research has shown that …

Previous research has established that …

Several theories on the origin of X have been proposed.

Factors found to be influencing X have been explored in several studies.

A number of cross-sectional studies suggest an association between X and Y…

A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies …

Identifying a controversy within the field of study

A much debated question is whether …

One major issue in early X research concerned …

Questions have been raised about the use of animal subjects in …

Scholars have long debated the impact of X on the creation and diffusion of …

The issue of X has been a controversial and much disputed subject within the field of …

In the literature on X, the relative importance of Y has been subject to considerable discussion.

Explaining the inadequacies of previous studies

Previous studies of X have not dealt with …

The research to date has tended to focus on X rather than Y.

Previously published studies on the effect of X are not consistent.

The existing accounts fail to resolve the contradiction between X and Y.

The experimental data are rather controversial, and there is no general agreement about …

Most studies in X have only been carried out in a small number of areas.

Identifying the paucity or lack of previous research

No previous study has investigated X.

There has been no detailed investigation of …

A search of the literature revealed few studies which …

The impact of X on Y is understudied, particularly for …

To date, there are few studies that have investigated the association between …

Althoughsome research has been carried out on X,no single study exists which …

Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study

The response of X to Y is not fully understood.

Causal factors leading to X remain speculative.

This indicates a need to understand the various perceptions of X that exist among …

It is now well established that … However, the influence of X on Y has remained unclear.

the evidence for this relationship is inconclusive …

there have been no controlled studies which compare differences in …

Stating the focus, aim, or argument of a short paper

This paper attempts to show that …

The central thesis of this paper is that …

In the pages that follow, it will be argued that …

In this essay, I attempt to defend the view that …

The aim of this essay is to explore the relationship between …

The purpose of this paper is to review recent research into the …

Stating the purpose of the current research

This study set out to investigate the usefulness of …

This case study seeks to examine the changing nature of …

This research examines the emerging role of X in the context of …

Drawing upon two strands of research into X, this study attempts to …

This thesis intends to determine the extent to which … and whether …

The purpose of this investigation is to explore the relationship between X and Y.

Describing the research design and the methods used

Data for this study were collected using …

This study uses a qualitative case study approach to investigate …

The approach to empirical research adopted for this study was one of …

The study was conducted in the form of a survey, with data being gathered via …

The methodological approach taken in this study is a mixed methodology based on …

A combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches was used in the data analysis.

Explaining the significance of the current study

The study offers some important insights into …

Understanding the link between X and Y will help …

Characterisation of X is important for our increased understanding of …

Therefore, this study makes a major contribution to research on X by demonstrating …

There are several important areas where this study makes an original contribution to …

The experimental work presented here provides one of the first investigations into how …

Describing the limitations of the current study

The thesis does not engage with …

Establishing X is beyond the scope of this study.

It is beyond the scope of this study to examine the …

A full discussion of X lies beyond the scope of this study.

Another potential problem is that the scope of my thesis may be too broad.

Due to practical constraints, this paper cannot provide a comprehensive review of…

Giving reasons for personal interest in the research

My interest in this area developed while I was …

My main reason for choosing this topic is personal interest.

It is my experience of working with X that has driven this research.

This project was conceived during my time working for X. As a medical advisor, I witnessed …

The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study.

The overall structure of the study takes the form of six chapters, including …

Explaining key terms used in the current work

Throughout this paper, the term 'X’ will refer to …

The term 'X’ will be used in this thesis to refer to …

According to Smith (2002), X can be defined as follows: ' … ’

In this dissertation, the terms 'X’ and 'Y’ are used interchangeably to mean …

While a variety of definitions of the term X have been suggested, this paper will use the definition first suggested by Smith (1968) who saw it as …