还在使用第三方Docker插件?SpringBoot官方插件真香!

为了方便为SpringBoot应用构建Docker镜像,我们经常会使用Maven插件来打包镜像。之前一直使用的是第三方插件,有spotifyfabric8出品的两种docker-maven-plugin。最近SpringBoot 2.4.0发布了,官方插件也增加了对Docker的支持,体验了一把发现也很好用,推荐给大家!

第三方插件使用

我们先了解下第三方插件的使用,方便和官方插件做对比,fabric8插件使用具体可以参考《还在手动部署SpringBoot应用?试试这个自动化插件!》

  • 值得注意的是,在我们使用插件时,需要自己定义镜像构建过程,比如在pom.xml中使用如下配置,<images>标签下的配置为镜像构建过程的配置;
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>io.fabric8</groupId>
            <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>0.33.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <!-- Docker 远程管理地址-->
                <dockerHost>http://192.168.3.101:2375</dockerHost>
                <!-- Docker 推送镜像仓库地址-->
                <pushRegistry>http://192.168.3.101:5000</pushRegistry>
                <images>
                    <image>
                        <!--由于推送到私有镜像仓库,镜像名需要添加仓库地址-->
                        <name>192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/${project.name}:${project.version}</name>
                        <!--定义镜像构建行为-->
                        <build>
                            <!--定义基础镜像-->
                            <from>java:8</from>
                            <args>
                                <JAR_FILE>${project.build.finalName}.jar</JAR_FILE>
                            </args>
                            <!--定义哪些文件拷贝到容器中-->
                            <assembly>
                                <!--定义拷贝到容器的目录-->
                                <targetDir>/</targetDir>
                                <!--只拷贝生成的jar包-->
                                <descriptorRef>artifact</descriptorRef>
                            </assembly>
                            <!--定义容器启动命令-->
                            <entryPoint>['java', '-jar','/${project.build.finalName}.jar']</entryPoint>
                            <!--定义维护者-->
                            <maintainer>macrozheng</maintainer>
                        </build>
                    </image>
                </images>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
  • 或者先在Dockerfile文件中定义好镜像构建过程;
# 该镜像需要依赖的基础镜像FROM java:8# 将当前maven目录生成的文件复制到docker容器的/目录下COPY maven /# 声明服务运行在8080端口EXPOSE 8080# 指定docker容器启动时运行jar包ENTRYPOINT ['java', '-jar','/mall-tiny-fabric-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar']# 指定维护者的名字MAINTAINER macrozheng
  • 然后在插件中引用Dockerfile文件,用于构建镜像;
<build>
     <dockerFileDir>${project.basedir}</dockerFileDir>
</build>
  • 其实对于SpringBoot应用来说,如何从应用Jar包构建Docker镜像,做法基本是差不多的,为什么非要自己定义镜像的构建过程呢?

官方插件使用

SpringBoot官方插件解决了上面的问题,无需自己编写Docker镜像构建过程,直接自动构建,是不是很方便!接下来我们来体验下它的强大之处!

[root@linux-local ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                                COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                            NAMES9ffec08467ac        joxit/docker-registry-ui:static                                      '/bin/sh -c entrypoi…'   2 hours ago         Up 2 hours          0.0.0.0:8280->80/tcp                             registry-uia809535ee2a2        registry:2                                                           '/entrypoint.sh /etc…'   3 months ago        Up 7 hours          0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp                           registry2
  • 然后我们需要把应用的版本升级到SpringBoot 2.4.0,之前的版本Docker支持没有这个完善;
<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.4.0</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
  • 然后修改pom.xml文件,对官方Maven插件进行配置,主要是对Docker相关功能进行配置;
<plugin>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>    <configuration>        <image>            <!--配置镜像名称-->            <name>192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/${project.name}:${project.version}</name>            <!--镜像打包完成后自动推送到镜像仓库-->            <publish>true</publish>        </image>        <docker>            <!--Docker远程管理地址-->            <host>http://192.168.3.101:2375</host>            <!--不使用TLS访问-->            <tlsVerify>false</tlsVerify>            <!--Docker推送镜像仓库配置-->            <publishRegistry>                <!--推送镜像仓库用户名-->                <username>test</username>                <!--推送镜像仓库密码-->                <password>test</password>                <!--推送镜像仓库地址-->                <url>http://192.168.3.101:5000</url>            </publishRegistry>        </docker>    </configuration></plugin>
  • 如果你使用的是IDEA的话,直接双击SpringBoot插件的build-image命令即可一键打包并推送到镜像仓库;
  • 也可以在命令行使用如下Maven命令来打包构建镜像;
mvn spring-boot:build-image
  • 镜像构建过程中会输出如下信息,由于很多依赖会从Github上下载,网络不好的情况下会下载失败,多试几次就好:
[INFO]  > Pulling builder image 'docker.io/paketobuildpacks/builder:base' 100%[INFO]  > Pulled builder image 'paketobuildpacks/builder@sha256:9d377230ba8ee74d8619178fd318b1b87a7da1a88bdb198afd14dd7de9e8ea6a'[INFO]  > Pulling run image 'docker.io/paketobuildpacks/run:base-cnb' 100%[INFO]  > Pulled run image 'paketobuildpacks/run@sha256:33d37fc9ba16e220f071805eaeed881a508ceee5c8909db5710aaed7e97e4fc2'[INFO]  > Executing lifecycle version v0.9.3[INFO]  > Using build cache volume 'pack-cache-5641f846df6.build'[INFO] [INFO]  > Running creator[INFO]     [creator]     ===> DETECTING[INFO]     [creator]     5 of 18 buildpacks participating[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates   1.0.1[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica 5.2.1[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar    3.1.3[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/dist-zip          2.2.2[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot       3.5.0[INFO]     [creator]     ===> ANALYZING[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates:helper' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:helper' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:java-security-properties' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jre' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jvmkill' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar:class-path' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:helper' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:spring-cloud-bindings' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     Restoring metadata for 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:web-application-type' from app image[INFO]     [creator]     ===> RESTORING[INFO]     [creator]     ===> BUILDING[INFO]     [creator]     [INFO]     [creator]     Paketo CA Certificates Buildpack 1.0.1[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Helper: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]     [INFO]     [creator]     Paketo BellSoft Liberica Buildpack 5.2.1[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica[INFO]     [creator]       Build Configuration:[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_JVM_VERSION              8.*             the Java version[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Configuration:[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_HEAD_ROOM           0               the headroom in memory calculation[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_LOADED_CLASS_COUNT  35% of classes  the number of loaded classes in memory calculation[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_THREAD_COUNT        250             the number of threads in memory calculation[INFO]     [creator]         $JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS                           the JVM launch flags[INFO]     [creator]       BellSoft Liberica JRE 8.0.275: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Helper: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]       JVMKill Agent 1.16.0: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]       Java Security Properties: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]     [INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Executable JAR Buildpack 3.1.3[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar[INFO]     [creator]       Process types:[INFO]     [creator]         executable-jar: java org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher[INFO]     [creator]         task:           java org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher[INFO]     [creator]         web:            java org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher[INFO]     [creator]     [INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Spring Boot Buildpack 3.5.0[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot[INFO]     [creator]       Creating slices from layers index[INFO]     [creator]         dependencies[INFO]     [creator]         spring-boot-loader[INFO]     [creator]         snapshot-dependencies[INFO]     [creator]         application[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Helper: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]       Web Application Type: Contributing to layer[INFO]     [creator]         Servlet web application detected[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env.launch/BPL_JVM_THREAD_COUNT.default[INFO]     [creator]       Spring Cloud Bindings 1.7.0: Reusing cached layer[INFO]     [creator]       4 application slices[INFO]     [creator]       Image labels:[INFO]     [creator]         org.opencontainers.image.title[INFO]     [creator]         org.opencontainers.image.version[INFO]     [creator]         org.springframework.boot.spring-configuration-metadata.json[INFO]     [creator]         org.springframework.boot.version[INFO]     [creator]     ===> EXPORTING[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates:helper'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:helper'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:java-security-properties'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jre'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jvmkill'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar:class-path'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:helper'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:spring-cloud-bindings'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:web-application-type'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing 4/5 app layer(s)[INFO]     [creator]     Adding 1/5 app layer(s)[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'launcher'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'config'[INFO]     [creator]     Reusing layer 'process-types'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'io.buildpacks.lifecycle.metadata'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'io.buildpacks.build.metadata'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'io.buildpacks.project.metadata'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.opencontainers.image.title'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.opencontainers.image.version'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.springframework.boot.spring-configuration-metadata.json'[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.springframework.boot.version'[INFO]     [creator]     Setting default process type 'web'[INFO]     [creator]     *** Images (d5e1771dac7b):[INFO]     [creator]           192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT[INFO] [INFO] Successfully built image '192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'[INFO] [INFO]  > Pushed image '192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Total time: 01:06 min[INFO] Finished at: 2020-11-27T15:07:46+08:00[INFO] Final Memory: 37M/359M[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 镜像构建成功后,可以从镜像仓库查看到我们的镜像:
[root@linux-local ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
paketobuildpacks/run                                  base-cnb            a717358311fc        9 days ago          87.2MB
java                                                  8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MB
192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin   0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      d5e1771dac7b        40 years ago        244MB
pack.local/builder/fewqajyqsc                         latest              f15fad05a5ba        40 years ago        558MB
pack.local/builder/kirivtcqtu                         latest              f15fad05a5ba        40 years ago        558MB
paketobuildpacks/builder                              base                511452064e06        40 years ago        558MB
  • 我们可以从Docker Registry UI中查看镜像仓库中的镜像,访问地址:http://192.168.3.101:8280/
  • 接着使用如下命令启动我们的SpringBoot应用:
docker run -p 8080:8080 --name mall-tiny-docker-plugin \--link mysql:db \-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime \-v /mydata/app/mall-tiny-docker-plugin/logs:/var/logs \-d 192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
  • 启动成功后,可以成功访问到SpringBoot应用的Swagger页面,访问地址:http://192.168.3.101:8080/swagger-ui.html

总结

SpringBoot官方Maven插件避免了编写Docker镜像构建过程,同时充分利用了SpringBoot 2.3以后的Jar分层技术,但对于需要自定义构建镜像的场景造成了一定的麻烦。

参考资料

官方文档:https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.0/maven-plugin/reference/htmlsingle/#build-image

项目源码地址

https://github.com/macrozheng/mall-learning/tree/master/mall-tiny-docker-plugin

(0)

相关推荐