形容词-原、比较、最高级和正、反形容词
...原级的用法1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时The flowers in the garden are beautiful. The girl is lovely.2.有表示绝对概念的副词very,so ,too, enough,quite 等修饰时The classroom is very large. The boy is too young.3.A与B在某方面程度相同或不同肯定句：A… +as +形容词原级+as +BEnglish is as interesting as Chinese. This book is as thick as that one .否定句：A….+as/ so+形容词原级 + as +BTom is not so tall as Tim. This village is not as big as that one.表A是B 的…倍时， A…+倍数+as +形容词原级+as+BOur school is three times as big as theirs. The table is twice as tall as the chair.表示..是…的一半时， A…+ half as + 形容词+ as+ BHer room is half as big as yours. The red pencil is half as long as the blue pencil.比较级用法1．表示两者进行比较时，A …+比较级+than +B.Lily’s room is bigger than mine. My classroom is smaller than hers.2．有表示程度副词a little , a bit , a great deal , a lot ,much, even ,still, far,rather,any 等修饰形容词时It’s much colder today than yesterday. This bottle is a little bigger than that one.为避免重复，在从句中常用the one ,that , those 等词代替前面出现过的词，其中the one 代替可数名词单数形式，The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.the ones 和those 代替可数名词的复数形式，that 代替不可数名词。3． 两者间进行选择，“哪一个更…”时,用句型“ WhIch / who is + 形容词比较级，A or B?”Who is the taller, Liming or Wangtao? Which one is the longer, the pen or the pencil?4. 两者之间比较， “...的一个”时，（of the two）,常用 “the+ 比较级”结构.Mary is the taller of the two. Being is the bigger of the two.5．“几倍于….. ”时，用“倍数+比较级+than ”表示Your room is three times bigger than mine. The school is four times larger than the hall.6. “越来越… ”，用比较级的重叠结构，即“比较级+and + 比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring. It’s colder and colder in winter.用“more and more + 形容词原级”。7. 表示“越….，就越….”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”结构The more , the better. The more you eat , the fatter you will be.最高级用法1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，最高级前必须加定冠词the ,句末常跟一个in/ of 短语来表示范围Shanghai is the biggest city in China. Tim is the tallest student in my classroom.2. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用“Which/Who is the +最高级，A，B or C?”Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing , Shanghai or Fuzhou? Who is the best student, Lily , Lucy or Betty?3. 表示最….. 的….之一时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers. Gongli is one of the most beautiful actresses in China.4. 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示第几最…..The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.5. 形容词最高级前可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。This is our best lesson today. Friday is my busiest day in a week.6. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。Li Lei is the tallest student in his class(李雷是他班上最高的同学)规则变化1.单音节词和少数多音节词,一般直接加-er,est long longer longest ， all taller tallest2.以不发音的e结尾单的音节和少数一 le结尾的双音节词，加-r,-st late later latest ， large larger largest3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的双音节词，把y 变成i，再加-er,-est .easy easier easiest ， happy happier happiest4.以重度闭音节（辅＋元＋辅）结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母单音节词时，双写最后辅音字母，再加-er,-estbig bigger biggest ， hot hotter hottest5.其它多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more ,the most.careful 、more carefu、 most careful； beautiful、more beautiful、most beautiful注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2）形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常".It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.不规则变化原级 比较级最高级不规则变化2合1good / wellbetter bestmany /much moremostbad /badlyworse worst1分为2farfartherfarthest指距离时通用furtherfurthest也可指更远，但多指时间、程度、数量的表示更进一步oldolderoldest作定语、表语，可以修饰人或物，年龄大小的比较，年长的、较旧的eldereldest作定语、 只能修饰人， 兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。年纪较大的、资格老爹、老练的latelaterlatest最新的latterlast最近的，最新的，最后的littlelittler / less(er)littlest /least***多音节和部分双音节的比较级、最高级前可用more most，也可用意思相反的less、least表示"较不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important最不重要tired 累的 more tired 更累的 most tired 最累的...
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