第一个治疗乳腺癌的单抗药,如何突破阻力最终成功?
2019年的奥瑞克、斯雷门和谢波德
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图1 80年代的奥瑞克(Axel Ullrich)| 图源:[18]
图2 HER2和赫赛汀的开发历史。莱文森(Arthur Levinson)和奥瑞克(Axel Ullrich)用v-erbB基因探针在基因库中找到了HER2(1985)。HER2与MIT的温伯格团队找到的neu(1979 – 1984)实际上是同一基因。斯雷门(Dennis Slamon)和奥瑞克发现HER2基因在20 - 30%的乳腺癌中有扩增(1987)。奥瑞克、谢波德(Mike Shepard)和基因泰克同事开发了靶向HER2的单抗药——赫赛汀。现在上市的另外几种抗癌药也源于赫赛汀 | 图源:[4]
图3 80年代的斯雷门(Dennis Slamon)| 图源:[18]
图4 80年代的谢波德(Mike Shepard)| 图源:[18]
图5 曲妥珠单抗(Trastuzumab)的作用机理。它结合肿瘤细胞表面的HER2,阻断其下游信号传导(抑制其形成二聚体或裂解),并介导免疫细胞攻击肿瘤细胞(ADCC)| Image credit: National Cancer Institute
图6 2019年的奥瑞克、斯雷门和谢波德 | 图源:[17]
参考资料(上下滑动可浏览)
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18. https://youtu.be/QFXVprOlu84
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