280.Hemorrhagic renal cyst（2）（肾囊肿出血）

每天朗读一段医学影像学英语文章

KEY FACTS

Clinical

·Renal cysts account for approximately 60% of all renal masses.

·Renal cysts increase in frequency with age (approximately 50% of cases occur past the age of 50).

·Most renal cysts are asymptomatic, whether hemorrhagic or not.

·Hemorrhagic cysts are frequently seen in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and acquired renal cystic disease.

-肾囊肿约占肾脏肿块的60%，随年龄增长，发病率增高。（50岁发病的患者占一半）。
-大多数肾囊肿无临床症状，无论出血性还是非出血性。
-出血性肾囊肿常见于常染色体显性多囊性肾病或获得性肾囊肿的患者。

Radiologic

·Noncontrast CT is necessary to evaluate the attenuation of the lesion before contrast material administration.

·Cysts that are “hyperdense” exhibit attenuation values between +50 and +80 HU. The high attenuation is due to a high content of protein, blood breakdown products, or iodine. To be considered a benign hyperdense cyst, the lesion must be sharply marginated, homogeneous, and nonenhancing (< 10 HU increase postcontrast).

·Because of the thickness of the wall and the internal structure of the lesion, these cysts cannot be evaluated reliably with ultrasound, and only 50% of hyper-attenuating lesions demonstrate typical sonographic cyst criteria. CT is necessary to assess or rule out lesion enhancement.

-影像表现：
增强之前CT平扫对于评估病变密度很关键。囊肿密度在50～80HU之间。高密度为蛋白成分、血性产物或碘。若考虑病灶为良性，边缘必须清晰，密度均匀，无强化。（增强前后密度变化不超过10HU）。
由于肾囊肿壁薄和内部成分，在超声上很难轻易评估。仅50%的患者符合典型的肾囊肿超声表现（强回声）。CT可以通过强化表现，来评估或排除肾囊肿。

Notes:

1. asymptomatic [ˌesɪmptəˈmætɪk] adj. 无临床症状的

2. hemorrhagic ['hemərædʒaɪk] adj. 出血性; 出血的

3. cyst [sɪst] n.囊肿

4. protein [ˈproʊti:n] n. 朊，蛋白（质）

5. iodine [ˈaɪədaɪn] n. 碘

6. homogeneous [ˌhoʊməˈdʒi:niəs] adj. 均匀的; 同性质的

7. sonography [sə'nɒgrəfi:] n. 超声波检查法

来源：每天朗读一段医学影像学英语文章

圈主

深圳市人民医院放射科副主任医师杨敏洁

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