Remember Hippocratic Oath
今天听《生命的关键决定》,讲述了医患之间的关系,讨论了四个发展阶段,提到了鼎鼎有名的希波克拉底誓言,于是决定记忆这篇著名的文献。
首先将其英文与中文版放上来:
这个中文版只是部分译文,但我觉得翻译的很好。我们来看看在百度百科上的可编辑版本:
Hippocrates:The Oath of Medicine
I swear by Apollo, the healer, Asclepius, Akso, and Panacea, and I take to witness all the gods, all the goddesses, to keep according to my ability and my judgment, the following Oath and agreement: To consider dear to me, as my parents, him who taught me this art; to live in common with him and, if necessary, to share my goods with him; To look upon his children as my own brothers, to teach them this art.
I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and never do harm to anyone.
I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked, nor will I advise such a plan; and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary to cause an abortion.
But I will preserve the purity of my life and my arts.
I will not cut for stone, even for patients in whom the disease is manifest; I will leave this operation to be performed by practitioners, specialists in this art.
In every house where I come I will enter only for the good of my patients, keeping myself far from all intentional ill-doing and all seduction and especially from the pleasures of love with women or with men, be they free or slaves.
All that may come to my knowledge in the exercise of my profession or in daily commerce with men, which ought not to be spread abroad, I will keep secret and will never reveal.
If I keep this oath faithfully, may I enjoy my life and practice my art, respected by all men and in all times; but if I swerve from it or violate it, may the reverse be my lot.
仔细阅读可知,这个版本与上面图片中的版本是有出入的,图片里的内容更详细,表达的句式也有不同。 我们的记忆以这个版本为准。
中文白话译文
我要遵守誓约,矢忠不渝。
对传授我医术的老师,我要像父母一样敬重,并作为终身的职业。
对我的儿子、老师的儿子以及我的门徒,我要悉心传授医学知识。
我要竭尽全力,采取我认为有利于病人的医疗措施,
不能给病人带来痛苦与危害。
我不把毒药给任何人,也决不授意别人使用它。
尤其不为妇女施行堕胎手术杀害生命。
我要清清白白地行医和生活。
凡患结石者,我不施手术,此则有待于专家为之。
无论进入谁家,只是为了治病,不为所欲为,不接受贿赂,不勾引异性。
对看到或听到不应外传的私生活,我决不泄露。
如果我能严格遵守上面誓言时,请求神祇让我的生命与医术得到无上光荣;
如果我违背誓言,天地鬼神一起将我雷击致死。
由以上内容可见,可将誓言分为三部分:
1,郑重发誓,感恩授艺恩师
2,誓言具体内容,做什么不做什么
3,再次郑重承诺誓言
第一部分:
I swear by Apollo, the healer, Asclepius, Akso, and Panacea,
and I take to witness all the gods, all the goddesses,
to keep according to my ability and my judgment,
the following Oath and agreement:
To consider dear to me, as my parents, him who taught me this art;
to live in common with him and, if necessary,
to share my goods with him;
To look upon his children as my own brothers,
to teach them this art.
这一段很有意思,让我想到了结拜兄弟,尤其是黑帮团体的几个老大拜把子。
他们首先会对着讲义气的圣人:关公发誓,然后兄弟见证----这在这里关公换成了Apllo,Asclepius和Akso.兄弟换成了诸天神佛(the gods,the goddesses)
1,关公像
2,蜡烛
3,香炉
4,案桌
5,香
6,结拜的老大
7,小弟们
8,旗子
9,窗户
而后面各种保证的内容,与小说中拜入某一门派何其相似:
1,一日为师,终身为父,授业之恩,永志不忘
2,与师傅共生活,同进退
3,有必要的话,为师傅贡献财物
4,将师傅的子女当做兄妹,像令狐冲与岳灵珊
5,决不能让绝技失传,而要发扬光大
这一部分可利用结拜图片作为记忆宫殿,利用上述的九个桩子与上述分解的九句话的关键词(粗体标记)进行连接!然后看两次回想能否完成:
1,由桩子回想关键词
2,由关键词回想原句
第二部分:
I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients
according to my ability and my judgment
and never do harm to anyone.
I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked,
nor will I advise such a plan;
and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary to cause an abortion.
But I will preserve the purity of my life and my arts.
I will not cut for stone,
even for patients in whom the disease is manifest;
I will leave this operation to be performed by practitioners, specialists in this
art.
In every house where I come
I will enter only for the good of my patients,
keeping myself far from all intentional ill-doing and all seduction
and especially from the pleasures of love with women or with men,
be they free or slaves.
All that may come to my knowledge
in the exercise of my profession
or in daily commerce with men,
which ought not to be spread abroad,
I will keep secret and will never reveal.
我将这一部分拆成了二十句,提取了关键词!(粗体标记)。这里面的内容,我有两处不甚了解:
1,希波克拉底时代就有避孕药了吗?---准备探查一下避孕药的发明历史
细说避孕药的历史
http://drug.39.net/101/22/1132840.html
核心事实:
1950年开始发展口服避孕药,然而,直到1960年早期,避孕药才具有可靠的和可接受的效果,这导致本世纪最广泛运用的药物产品之一——口服激素类避孕药物的诞生。
1954年,炔诺酮和异炔诺酮成为第一种孕激素与炔雌醇甲酯联合作为口服避孕药进行临床试验,到1962年,口服避孕药在美国市场以10mg 炔诺酮和150ug炔雌醇甲酯的配方上市。
这样,产生了新一代的孕激素,第一个市场化的是1981年在欧洲作为口服避孕药成分的去氧孕烯,几年后,另两种甾烷孕激素——孕二烯酮和肟炔诺酮诞生。
避孕发展史
https://wenku.baidu.com/view/6d1f7be85ef7ba0d4a733b96.html
这篇文章中提到了pessary, 不过应该不是希波克拉底誓言中的,希波克拉底是公元前400年的人物了
古代有避孕套吗?没有的话是如何实现避孕的?
https://www.zhihu.com/question/21806979
这篇中关于希波克拉底的信息挺多,兹录如下:
1,大家知道古代是以男人为中心的社会,亚里士多德就曾说过——女人在怀孕和生产的过程中只起到承载作用。这意思制造生命的人是男性,这是过去普遍的想法,男性的精子单独产生胚胎。直到十九世纪人们才知道受孕是怎么回事。希波克拉底比较先锋,认为男女都有精子,融合便是胚胎。
2, 天然植物避孕法
在公元前421年,亚里士多德提到用薄荷类植物来避孕之时,希波克拉底(公元前460~前377年)认识到野生胡萝卜的种子能防止怀孕。据说巨型茴香作为一种昂贵但有效的避孕方法使得人们趋之若鹜,以致于到了公元前3世纪末,这种植物甚至于灭绝。
3, 希波克拉底建议男人在性爱后抓住女人使劲摇晃,建议女人性爱后上下蹦跳,而且特别说明,脚必须碰到屁股。类似的方法很多,比如妓女会在做爱时摆动屁屁来避免受孕。这个动作到了现代就成了性感的诱惑,比如电臀,比如做爱的时候诱惑对方,比如做爱时摇晃挑逗。
看完上述不靠谱的建议,我深深认同第一篇文章《细说避孕药》中所言:
纵观历史,不同的文明和文化背景下,采用大量的植物提取物、草药、和机械设施来控制生育,当然,按今天的标准看来绝大多数是无效的,甚至当今社会使用的杀精剂、机械屏障和自然方法也不可靠。
2,希波克拉底为啥不治疗结石患者?结石患者是由谁来治疗呢?
查找这个答案,很有意思,发现还是一个考题,虽然我选中了答案,但我觉得答案的解析不靠谱:
我个人之所以选A,我的理解是,希波克拉底是属于执业药师,他不能越俎代庖,治疗结石是外科医生的专长。总之,核心原因是各施所长!但又看到,似乎希波克拉底能做外科手术:
希波克拉底是如何行医治病的?
http://www.sohu.com/a/204335228_100016312
文中有言:
在他最著名的外科著作《头颅创伤》中,详细描绘了头颅损伤和裂缝等病例,提出了施行手术的方法。
多说一句,希波克拉底对人气质分类的学说流传至今,还有借鉴意义:
为了抵制“神赐疾病”的谬说,希波克拉底积极探索人的肌体特征和疾病的成因,提出了著名的“体液学说”。
他认为复杂的人体是由血液、粘液、黄胆、 黑胆这四种体液组成的,四种体液在人体内的比例不同,形成了人的不同气质:性情急躁、 动作迅猛的胆汁质;性情活跃、动作灵敏的多血质;性情沉静、动作迟缓的粘液质;性情跪弱、动作迟纯的抑郁质。人所以会得病,就是由于四种液体不平衡造成的。而液体失调又是外界因素影响的结果。
所以他认为一个医生进入某个城市首先要注意这个城市的方向、土 壤、气候、风向、水源、水、饮食习惯、生活方式等等这些与人的健康和疾病有密切关系的自然环境。现在看来,希波克拉底对人的气质的成因的解释并不正确,但他提出的气质类型的名称及划分,却一直沿用至今。
准备设定的记忆宫殿与医生行医有关,设想了如下四个情景:
1,医生用听诊器简单检查
2,医生用生化试验进一步检测
3,病人进行核磁共振检测
4,医生为病人开刀治疗
1,医生
I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients
2,听诊器
according to my ability and my judgment
3,病人
and never do harm to anyone.
4,座椅
I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked,
5,墙壁
nor will I advise such a plan;
1,实验灯
and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary to cause an abortion.
2,试管架
But I will preserve the purity of my life and my arts.
3,三角瓶
I will not cut for stone,
4,实验台
even for patients in whom the disease is manifest;
5,实验员
I will leave this operation to be performed by practitioners, specialists in this
art.
1,医生
In every house where I come
2,操作台
I will enter only for the good of my patients,
3,病人
keeping myself far from all intentional ill-doing and all seduction
4,躺着的传送带
and especially from the pleasures of love with women or with men,
5,仪器
be they free or slaves.
1,无影灯
All that may come to my knowledge
2,医生
in the exercise of my profession
3,手术刀
or in daily commerce with men,
4,病人
which ought not to be spread abroad,
5,手术台
I will keep secret and will never reveal.
第三部分:
If I keep this oath faithfully,
may I enjoy my life and practice my art,
respected by all men and in all times;
but if I swerve from it or violate it,
may the reverse be my lot.
这一段让人想到赌咒发誓,“一定...,否则天打五雷轰,不得好死“
那就用天打五雷轰的形象做记忆宫殿
1,乌云
2,闪电
3,风筝
4,人
5,大地
好,关于对Hippocratic Oath记忆的部分写完了。我们再来谈谈誓言。宣誓是一个很有仪式感的活动,代表着承诺与对某些价值的肯定与坚持。
我读完Hippocratic Oath,觉得其内容有些部分不合时宜,譬如:
1,学艺感恩,那时的学徒制,现在的学院制
2,对于堕胎的否定,那让做计划生育工作的,妇科的人何以自处?
3,不治疗结石,这就更偏颇了
所以后来,医学院学生他们改进了誓言,还有一家机构每十年要重新审视誓言是否合适,我找到了中西不同的医学院的誓言,列入其下,供参考:
World Medical Association Declaration of Geneva
The Physician’s Pledge
Adopted by the 2nd General Assembly of the World Medical Association, Geneva, Switzerland, September 1948
and amended by the 22nd World Medical Assembly, Sydney, Australia, August 1968
and the 35th World Medical Assembly, Venice, Italy, October 1983
and the 46th WMA General Assembly, Stockholm, Sweden, September 1994
and editorially revised by the 170th WMA Council Session, Divonne-les-Bains, France, May 2005
and the 173rd WMA Council Session, Divonne-les-Bains, France, May 2006
and the WMA General Assembly, Chicago, United States, October 2017AS A MEMBER OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION:
I SOLEMNLY PLEDGE to dedicate my life to the service of humanity;
THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF MY PATIENT will be my first consideration;
I WILL RESPECT the autonomy and dignity of my patient;
I WILL MAINTAIN the utmost respect for human life;
I WILL NOT PERMIT considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing, or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient;
I WILL RESPECT the secrets that are confided in me, even after the patient has died;
I WILL PRACTISE my profession with conscience and dignity and in accordance with good medical practice;
I WILL FOSTER the honour and noble traditions of the medical profession;
I WILL GIVE to my teachers, colleagues, and students the respect and gratitude that is their due;
I WILL SHARE my medical knowledge for the benefit of the patient and the advancement of healthcare;
I WILL ATTEND TO my own health, well-being, and abilities in order to provide care of the highest standard;
I WILL NOT USE my medical knowledge to violate human rights and civil liberties, even under threat;
I MAKE THESE PROMISES solemnly, freely, and upon my honour.
©2017 World Medical Association Inc. All Rights Reserved. All intellectual property rights in the Declaration of Geneva are vested in the World Medical Association.
追溯历史,医学生誓言已经修改过8次,以下是历年来修改的记录。
世界医学协会大会,日内瓦,瑞士,1948年9月
世界医学大会,悉尼,澳大利亚,1968年8月
世界医学大会,威尼斯,意大利,1983年10月
WMA大会,斯德哥尔摩,瑞典,1994年9月
WMA理事会会议,奥弗涅-罗纳,法国,2005年5月
WMA理事会会议,奥弗涅-罗纳,法国,2006年5月
WMA大会,芝加哥,美国,2017年10月
让我们来看看最新版的希波克拉底誓言(2017年10月,WMA大会,洛杉矶,美国)。
作为一名医疗工作者,我正式宣誓:
把我的一生奉献给人类;
我将首先考虑病人的健康和幸福;
我将尊重病人的自主权和尊严;
我要保持对人类生命的最大尊重;
我不会考虑病人的年龄、疾病或残疾,信条,民族起源、性别、国籍、政治 信仰、种族、性取向、社会地位,或任何其他因素;
我将保守病人的秘密,即使病人已经死亡;
我将用良知和尊严,按照良好的医疗规范来践行我的职业;
我将继承医学职业的荣誉和崇高的传统;
我将给予我的老师、同事和学生应有的尊重和感激之情;
我将分享我的医学知识,造福患者和推动医疗进步;
我将重视自己的健康,生活和能力,以提供最高水准的医疗;
我不会用我的医学知识去违反人权和公民自由,即使受到威胁;
我庄严地、自主地、光荣地做出这些承诺。
以上是最新版本,我们来看最原初的版本:
At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession
I solemnly pledge myself to consecrate my life to the service of humanity:
I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude which is their due;
I will practice my profession with conscience and dignity;
The health and life of my patient will be my first consideration;
I will respect the secrets which are confided in me;
I will maintain by all means in my power, the honor and the noble traditions of the medical profession;
My colleagues will be my brothers:
I will not permit considerations of religion, nationality, race, party politics or social standing to intervene between my duty and my patient;
I will maintain the utmost respect for human life, from the time of its conception,
even under threat, I will not use my medical knowledge contrary to the laws of humanity;
I make these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor...
-----------------------------------Declaration of Geneva
The Second General Assembly of the World Medical Association, 1948
1948年世界医学会 (WMA)在希波克拉底誓言的基础上,
制定了《日内瓦宣言》,作为医生的道德规范.全文如下:
“值此就医生职业之际,我庄严宣誓为服务于人类而献身。
我对施我以教的师友衷心感佩。
我在行医中一定要保持端庄和良心。
我一定把病人的健康和生命放在一切的首位,
病人吐露的一切秘密,我一定严加信守,决不泄露。
我一定要保持医生职业的荣誉和高尚的传统。
我待同事亲如弟兄。
我决不让我对病人的义务
受到种族、宗教、国籍、政党和政*治或社会地位等方面的考虑的干扰。
对于人的生命,自其孕育之始,就保持最高度的尊重。
即使在威胁之下,我也决不用我的知识作逆于人道法规的事情。
我出自内心以荣誉保证履行以上诺言。”
(阮芳赋译,见《医学论》,科学出版社,1986)
最后关于西方医学生宣誓誓言,我们再看看随着对于患者赋权运动的深入,两位医学伦理工作者提出的十点建议:
社会的发展与医学的进步使医生与病人的权利与义务又有了一定变化,为了反映这些新的情况,1988年美国医学化理学家E.D.彼莱格里诺和D.C.托马斯马在《为了病人利益》一书中根据医学的发展和人类社会的进步,提出了“一个医生所承诺的促进病人利益的义务”,这被西方国家许多医学院校采用来作为医学生毕业时需背诵的誓词,有人称为“后希波克拉底誓言”,全文如下:
“我保证履行由于我的专业我自愿承担的治疗和帮助病人的义务。我的义务是基于病人所处的软弱不利的地位,以及他必然给予我和我的专业能力完全信任。所以,我保证把病人多方面的利益作为我的专业伦理的第一原则。由于承认这种约束,我接受下列义务,只有病人或病人的合法代理人才能解除我这些义务:
①将病人的利益置于我专业实践的中心,并在情况需要时置于我自己的自我利益上。
②拥有和保持我的专业要求的知识和技能的能力。
③承认我的能力的局限,只要我的病人病情需要,我应向我的各种卫生专业的同事求助。
④尊重其他卫生专业同事的价值和信念,并承认他们作为个人的道德责任。
⑤用同等的关切和献身精神关怀所有需要我帮助的人,不管他们有没有能力付酬。
⑥主要为了我的病人的最佳利益,而不是主要为了推行社会的、政*治的或财政的政策或我自己的利益而行动。
⑦尊重我的病人的参与影响他或她的决策的道德权利,明确地、清楚地、用病人理解的语言说明他或她的疾病的性质,以及我建议采用的治疗的好处和危险。
⑧帮助我的病人作出与他们的价值和信念一致的选择,不强迫,不欺骗,不口是心非。
⑨对我听到、知道和看到的保守秘密,作为我关怀病人的一个必要部分,除非对别人有明确的、严重的、直接伤害的危险。
⑩即使我不能治愈病人,也总要帮助他们,当死亡不可避免时,要帮助我的病人按照他或她自己的打算死亡。
决不参与直接的、主动的、有意识的杀死一个病人,即使为了仁慈的理由,或应国家的要求,或任何其他的理由。
为了覆行我对社会的义务,参与影响国民健康的公共政策决定,提供领导以及专家的和客观的证言。
将我所说和所信的付诸实践,从而在我的专业生涯中体现上述原则。
(希波克拉底被西方尊为"医学之父")
看完了西方的医学生的誓言,我们再来看看中国医学生的誓言:
医学生誓言
健康所系,性命相托。
当我步入神圣医学学府的时刻,谨庄严宣誓:
我志愿献身医学,热爱祖国,
忠于人民,
烙守医德,
尊师守纪,
刻苦钻研,孜孜不倦,
精益求精,全面发展。
我决心竭尽全力除人类之病痛,
助健康之完美,
维护医术的圣洁和荣誉。
救死扶伤,不辞艰辛,
执著追求,
为祖国医药卫生事业的发展
和人类身心健康奋斗终生。”
THE OATH OF A MEDICAL STUDENT
Health related, life entrusted.
The moment I step into the hallowed medical institution,I pledge Solemnly.
I will volunteer myself to medicine with love for my motherland
and loyalty to the people.
I will scrupulously abide by the medical ethics,
respect my teachers and discipline myself.
I will strive diligently for the perfection of technology
and for all-round development of myself.
I am determined to strive diligently to eliminate man’s suffering,
enhance man’s health conditions
and uphold the chasteness and honor of medicine.
I will heal the wounded and rescue the dying, regardless of the hardships.
I will always be in earnest pursuit of better achievement .
I will work all my life for the development of the nation’s medical enterprise
as well as mankind' s physical and mental health.
我不是医生,估计也没机会成为医生了,但我是一位老师,所以自然而然思考,成为老师,是否有庄重的宣誓呢?
我在网上也找到了一些内容:
中文版的:
一、
国运所系,命运所托,
作为一名光荣的人民教师,面对国旗,我庄严宣誓:
崇德博学,精业善道;
勤勉敬业,笃学严谨;
终身学习,开拓创新;
依法治教,团结奋进;
廉洁从教,乐于奉献;
育人为本,心系国情;
尊重个性,关爱心灵;
传承文明,启智求真。
铸师魂,修师德,树师表,厚师风。
我将通过每一天平凡的工作,
用智慧去启迪学生,
用情感去关爱学生,
用人格去熏陶学生,
用品德去影响学生,
用意志去激励学生,
培养具有中国灵魂、有世界眼光的时代英才,
完成一名人民教师的神圣使命!
二、四川省成都市武侯实验中学教师誓词:
我是一名光荣的人民教师。
我的肩上扛着民族的希望,
我的心中装着祖国的未来,
我的手中捧着孩子的明天。
面对国旗,面对学生,我宣誓:
我立志把整个心灵献给学生,
用人格引领人格,让智慧点燃智慧;
以民主、平等的态度对待每一位学生;
呵护生命,尊重个性,激发创造;
发展德智体,弘扬真善美;
做学生爱戴的师长和真诚的朋友;
为了中华民族的伟大复兴,
我将通过每一天平凡的工作,
培养具有世界胸襟的现代中国人,
以履行一名知识分子推动中国文明进步的神圣使命!
三、山东省济南市章丘市圣井中心学校的一则教师誓词
我是一名光荣的人民教师!
我懂得:
我的肩头从此负有多少生命的重托!
走上这个神圣的岗位,
我的每时每刻都在传承文明的薪火,
我的一言一行都应成为下一代的楷模。
我知道:
学生对我很需要,我对学生很重要。
因此,对放弃责任的诱惑,我必须拒绝;
对违背良知的利益,我必须割舍;
为孩子们付出所有,是我最高的准则。
即使面对误解和委屈,我仍将恪守崇高的职业道德。
我铭记:
用智慧开启智慧,用爱心托起爱心,
平等地对待每一位学生,
为他们构筑迈向成功的基座。
我要始终具备与职业相称的能力,
以终身学习完善和超越自我。
复兴“圣井教育”,光大教师精神,是我庄严的承诺!
四、新加坡教师誓词:
我们身为新加坡的教师;
我们会忠于我们的职责去发挥学生的潜能;
我们会在我们的职责和领域中成为最好的榜样;
我们会教导我们的学生成为良好的新加坡公民;
我们会不断地学习并会将学习的热诚传递给我们的学生;
我们会尽一切所能去执行我们的职责,
并会赢得家长和社会的信任、支持以及合作。
英文版:
一、 Teacher's Pledge
二、Oath for Teachers from Dr Kalam
Eleven Point Oath for Teachers
1]. First and foremost, I will love teaching. Teaching will be my soul.
2]. I realize that I am responsible for shaping not just students but ignited youths who are the most powerful resource under the earth, on the earth and above the earth. I will be fully committed for the great mission of teaching.
3]. As a teacher, it will give me great happiness, if I can transform an average student of the class to perform exceedingly well.
4]. All my actions with my students will be with kindness and affection like a mother, sister, father or brother.
5]. I will organize and conduct my life, in such a way that my life itself is a message for my students.
6]. I will encourage my students and children to ask questions and develop the spirit of enquiry, so that they blossom into creative enlightened citizens.
7]. I will treat all the students equally and will not support any differentiation on account of religion, community or language.
8]. I will continuously build the capacities in teaching so that I can impart quality education to my students.
9]. I will celebrate the success of my students.
10]. I realize by being a teacher, I am making an important contribution to all the national development initiatives.
11]. I will constantly endeavour to fill my mind, with great thoughts and spread the nobility in thinking and action among my students.
WORKING ON IT AND WILL CONTINUE TO.
三、A Teacher's Oath By Jeanne Donovan
TEACHER'S OATH
I swear by my honor, and all who witness my pledge, that I will fulfill according to my ability this oath and covenant to my students. I agree to:
Competence:
· Achieve mastery in all subjects that I may be expected to teach.
· Keep my skills up to date with changes in technology.
· Encourage my pupils to research and evaluate pro and con arguments when the topic is subjective, rather than parroting the consensus of a supposed majority of opinion.
· Understand and teach the scientific method.
· Understand, teach, and apply logic where appropriate.
Priorities:
· Place the educational needs of my pupils before my self interest or that of my collegial affiliations.
· Not strike and abandon my students.
· Reach out to parents, encouraging them to take an active role in their child's education, and help them find resources when needed.
· Maintain discipline in the classroom.
· Grade fairly, and honestly.
Advocacy:
· Practice my First Amendment right to free speech by challenging authorities who push me to adopt teaching methods that I believe are illogical and detrimental to the education of my pupils.
· Advocate for phonics instruction at the elementary level.
· Advocate for maintaining strong core subjects of reading, writing, mathematics, and science at all levels of education.
· Advocate for textbooks that are historically complete, factually correct, and which do not omit key figures because of political correctness.
· Advocate for textbooks that accurately describe the founding principles of the American government, with an emphasis on The Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution, and the role of free market capitalism in the growth of our nation.
· Uphold, support, and defend the laws of the U.S. Constitution and my State constitution.
Ethical Behavior:
· Treat all students equally regardless of their status, both with respect to academic expectations and discipline.
· Never humiliate a student for expressing an opinion that differs markedly from my opinion or others' opinions.
· Never use a captive classroom as a forum for proselytizing my political or religious views, even if I am teaching a subject directly related to politics or religion.
· Serve as a positive role model for my students, both in the classroom and in my personal life.
· Never participate in an unethical, sexual, or otherwise illegal relationship with a student.
____________________ __________________________________
Date Signature
Witnesses:
最后,我们再看看生活中常有的誓言,共产党员入党宣誓:
最后,谈谈我对誓言的理解:
1,誓言是一种对标
誓言常常不容易遵守,因为标准很高!所以宣誓是一种仪式,仪式往往具有宣传的效果,宣传自己的理念,追求,承诺!但宣传自然可能作伪,做给别人看,甚至黑帮结拜的老大在关键时候,吐露心扉,誓言就是用来背叛的!
真实有力的宣誓常常发在暗处,行于坚持,见于困厄与两难之间的选择,所谓复仇,所谓卧薪尝胆,所谓疾风知劲草,板荡见英雄!
2,誓言是一种自我认同,认同于高过大过自己的组织、事业、精神、使命
这往往是带来幸福这一副产品!也会绽放出最璀璨的人性光辉!
3,誓言是坚定的价值追求与行为准则
也可以说是一个人的道心,一个人的精神!
从事某些行业,某些事就不能做,做了就会为人所不齿!
不要起誓,这是基督的教诲!行所当行,你的行为是最好的佐证!