人教版八年级英语下册1-2单元重点单词、短语和句型全汇总
Unti1 what’s the matter?
短语归纳
1.too much 太多
2.lie down 躺下
3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查
4.take one ’s temperature 量体温
5.put some medicine on ......
在....上敷药
6.have a fever 发烧
7.take breaks /take a break 休息
8.without thinking twice 没多想
9.get off 下车
10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院
11.wait for等待
12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的
13.thanks to多亏于；由于
14.in time及时
15.think about 考虑
16.have a heart problem患有心脏病
17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦
18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情
19.fall down 摔倒
20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上
21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤
22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣
23.be used to 习惯于....
24.take risks/take a risk 挑战
25.lose one’s life 失去生命
26.because of 因为
27.run out of 用完
28.cut off 切除
29.get out of 从...出来
30.make a decision/decisions 做决定
31.be in control of 掌管；管理
32.give up 放弃
用法归纳：
1.need to do sth .需要去做某事
2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事
3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事
4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
5.agree to do sth 同意做某事
6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
7.want to do sth 想要做某事
8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难
10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事
11.be/get used to doing sth
习惯于做某事
12.seem to do sth 好像做某事
13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事
语法点
1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法
2.情态动词should的用法
3.不定代词的用法
精细解读
1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？
What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold
=have the flu感冒
have a fever发烧
have a cough咳嗽
have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼
have a toothache牙疼
have a headache头疼
It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
make trouble 制造麻烦 ，
have trouble (in) doing sth.
=have difficulties (in) doing sth
做某事有困难 。
3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+形容词或副词，意为太...，too much+不可数名词，意为太多...
5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词后，形副后。
good enough足够好，enough money足够的钱
6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied
7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
8. sound like+名词代词和从句：
It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作，如：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作，如：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车）
get on 上车
11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事
agree to do ，同意某人的看法、观点agree with sb 同意某人。
12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；
be in trouble 陷入困境，
make trouble 制造麻烦 ，
have trouble (in) doing sth.
=have difficulties (in) doing sth
做某事有困难
13. right away=right now=at once
意为 立刻，马上
It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
make trouble 制造麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth.
=have difficulties (in) doing sth
做某事有困难
14. run out用完，用尽
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
sth. run out. 某物用尽了。
sb. run out of sth..某人用尽了某物。
He run out of all his money last night.
18. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control无法控制，无法管理
重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
数→ 人称
第一人称／第二人称／第三人称
单数：myself／yourself／himself herself itself
复数：ourselves／yourselves／themselves
用在某些固定短语当中：
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.
hurt oneself摔伤自己
say to oneself自言自语
leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己
【提醒】
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。
（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
【练习】
1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.
2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.
3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.
4. My cat can find food by_________ .
5. Help __________to some beef, boys.
6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.
7. We can finish our homework by_________ .
8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.
9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?
10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks
短语归纳
1.clean up 打扫干净
2.cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来
3.give out 分发
4. used to 曾经......；过去........
5.give away 赠送；捐赠
6.set up 建立；设立
7.make a difference有作为
8.come up with 想出
9.put off 推迟
10.put up 张贴
11.call up 打电话给
12.help out 帮助.....摆脱困难
13.care for 照顾；照看
14.give up 放弃
15.try out for 参加选拔
16.come true 实现
17.run out of 用光
18.take after 与.....相像
19.fix up 修理
20.be similiar to 与......相似
拓展链接
动词+副词 短语
cheer up 使高兴起来
clean up 打扫干净
put up 张贴
mix up 修理
give away 赠送
give out 分发
give up 放弃
use up用光
get up 起床
hand in 上交
put off 推迟
pick up 捡起
think over 仔细思考
turn down 关小音量
set up 建立
set off 出发
look out 小心
动词+介词 短语
look after 照顾
belong to 属于
take after 与....相像
hear from 收到.....来信
hear of 听说
pay for 支付
wait for 等待
动词+副词+介词 短语
get out of 避免
come up with 想出
catch up with 追上赶上
look forward to 期待盼望
go on with 继续
动词+名词 短语
have a rest 休息一下
take a walk 散步
make mistakes 犯错
have a try 试一下
take place 发生
tell a lie 撒谎
make a decision 做决定
动词+名词+介词 短语
have a look at 看一看
make a friend with 与.....交朋友
pay attention to 注意
make fun of 取笑
Be+形容词+介词 短语
be late for 迟到
be angry with 生气
be fond of 喜欢
be good at 擅长
be good for 对...有好处
be short of 缺乏
be similiar to 与......相似
be strict with 对......严格要求
be pound of 骄傲 自豪
语法点：
动词不定式归纳：
只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词
①决心学会有希望
（ decide,learn,wish,hope）
②同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）
③忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）
④准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）
⑤提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）
⑥记得阻止理应当（remember stop,be supposed）
习题链接：
1.-Tom failed the exam again
-Sorry to hear that. We should do something to .
A. cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him
2.The boys volunteer three hours up the park near their school.
A. cleaning B. to clean
C. cleaned D. with cleaning
3.The woman in red a teacher.She works in a hospital now.
A. used to be B. is used to be
C.was used to be D.is
4.The old man lives ,but he doesn’t feel .
A. alone;alone B. lonely;lonely
C.lonely;alone D. alone;lonely
5.Tina, I have something important you.
A.telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell
6.--The old man all his money to a charity.
A.took away B.put away
C.went away D.gave away
7.We all feel after hear of the news.
A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited