反性别歧视新通知：不准问婚育
China has announced new measures against gender discrimination in Chinese workplaces that forbid employers from asking potential female hires questions such as if they are married or have children.
中国宣布了针对工作场所性别歧视的新措施，禁止雇主询问潜在女性雇员一些问题，如是否已婚或是否有孩子。
At some companies in China, the answers to these questions can be disqualifying.
在中国的一些公司，这些问题的答案可能会使你被取消录用资格。
Other firms are explicit in their job postings that they are looking only for men.
其他公司在招聘启事中明确表示，他们只招聘男性。
Many welcomed the government notice, published Thursday, which forbids companies and recruitment agencies from taking certain discriminatory actions against female employees and job candidates.
许多人对周四发布的政府公告表示欢迎，该公告禁止公司和招聘机构对女性员工和求职者采取某些歧视性行动。
But female workers and analysts alike were skeptical that such measures could be strictly enforced.
但女员工和分析人士都对这些措施能否得到严格执行表示怀疑。
"A notice is better than nothing," said Li Yinhe, a prominent Chinese sociologist on sex and family issues.
中国著名的性与家庭问题社会学家李银河(音)说:“有公告总比没有好。”
"Although (the notice) might not be that useful in practice, at least it states the issues in explicit terms," Li said.
李银河说:“尽管这份通知在实践中可能没有那么有用，但至少它明确地说明了问题所在。”
"Companies won't be as blatant as they were before."
“那些公司不会像以前那样明目张胆。”
While gender discrimination in hiring is already banned by Chinese labor laws, the notice appears to target specific behaviors that have made news in recent years.
尽管中国劳动法已经禁止在招聘过程中存在性别歧视，但该通知似乎针对的是近年来见诸报端的具体行为。
Last April, Human Rights Watch published a report that revealed that Chinese job advertisements were rife with gender discrimination.
去年4月，人权观察委发布的一份报告显示，中国的招聘广告充斥着性别歧视。
Human Rights Watch found several postings that said "men only," ''men preferred," or "suitable for men."
人权观察发现一些招聘海报上写着“只招男性”、“男性优先”或“适合男性”。
In other cases, the company preferred female applicants to be married with children.
在其他情况下，该公司更倾向于招已经结婚生子了的女性申请者。
Thursday's notice on "promoting women's employment" was published jointly by several ministries, including the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.
周四，教育部、人力资源和社会保障部等部委联合发布了《关于促进妇女就业的通知》。
It said companies that post discriminatory job ads can be fined up to 50,000 yuan ($7440).
该机构表示，发布歧视性招聘广告的公司最高可被处以5万元人民币(合7440美元)的罚款。
The notice also forbids companies from including pregnancy tests in medical examinations required for employment, and bans employers from placing restrictions on whether a woman can have children as a condition of hiring.
该通知还禁止企业将妊娠检测纳入就业体检，禁止用人单位将生育子女作为录用条件。
China officially abandoned in 2016 its decades-old one-child policy, allowing all Chinese couples to have two children.
2016年，中国正式放弃了实行了几十年的独生子女政策，允许所有中国夫妇生育两个孩子。
But the government has struggled to convince people to do so.
但政府一直难以说服人们这么做。
In 2018, the number of births fell by 2 million compared to 2017.
与2017年相比，2018年的出生人口下降了200万。
The new measures against gender discrimination call for promoting childcare services for kids under 3 years old, as well as after-school services to ease the burden on parents and help women better balance career and family.
反对性别歧视的新措施呼吁推广3岁以下儿童的托儿服务，以及放学后的服务，以减轻父母的负担，帮助女性更好地平衡事业和家庭。
Li Xia, a 28-year-old fitness instructor in Beijing, said she would inform an employer of her personal plans without them having to ask.
28岁的李霞(音译)是北京的一名健身教练，她说她会把自己的个人计划告诉雇主，而不用他们问。
"If you hide it at first, they may hire you, but they will find out soon enough," she said.
她说:“如果你一开始隐瞒，他们可能会雇用你，但他们很快就会发现。”
"And then they still won't assign you important tasks. You should find a company that accepts you in the first place."
“然后他们仍然不会给你分配重要的任务。你应该首先找到一家接受你的公司。”
Chinese women rights advocates saw the notice as a sign that the government is in fact listening to their concerns.
中国女权人士认为，这一通知表明，政府实际上在倾听她们的担忧。
Zhou Xiaoxuan, a 25-year-old screenwriter who has accused a prominent CCTV host of assaulting her while she was interning at the state broadcaster, said the new measures signal progress.
25岁的编剧周晓璇曾指控中央电视台一位著名主持人在她在中央电视台实习期间殴打她，她说，新措施标志着进步。
"On the whole," she said, "this policy has given us great motivation. (It shows us) that women's expressions of personal will are not meaningless."
“总的来说，”她说，“这项政策给了我们很大的动力。(它告诉我们)女性表达个人意愿并非毫无意义。”
问题
文中引用了几位女性对这次政府公告的看法呢？
留言回复正确答案即可获得红包啦，快来试试吧！
感谢关注
跟amber
一起看世界