EMBO:m6a介导的选择性剪接与无意义介导的mRNA衰减调控SAM合成酶稳态
前mRNAs的选择性剪接可通过与无义介导的mRNA衰变(NMD)偶联来调节基因表达水平。
为了阐明选择性剪接结合NMD(AS-NMD)调控的一系列mRNAs,我们对秀丽隐杆线虫NMD缺陷突变株的poly(a)+RNAs进行了长链RNA测序,获得了259个高置信度AS-NMD基因mRNA亚型的全长序列。其中S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM)合成酶(sams)基因sams-3和sams-4。SAM合成酶活性通过AS-NMD在负反馈回路中自动调节sams基因的表达。我们进一步发现,人u6snrna甲基转移酶METTL16的直系同源基因METT-10是体内剪接调控所必需的,并在体外特异性地甲基化了末端3′剪接位点(3′SS)的不变AG二核苷酸。直接RNA测序结合机器学习证实内源性sams-mRNAs的m6A修饰。总的来说,这些结果表明线虫SAM合成酶是通过sams基因3′SS上的m6A修饰通过选择性剪接调控维持的
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs can regulate gene expression levels by coupling with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). In order to elucidate a repertoire of mRNAs regulated by alternative splicing coupled with NMD (AS-NMD) in an organism, we performed long-read RNA sequencing of poly(A)+ RNAs from an NMD-deficient mutant strain of Caenorhabditis elegans, and obtained full-length sequences for mRNA isoforms from 259 high-confidence AS-NMD genes. Among them are the S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) synthetase (sams) genes sams-3 and sams-4. SAM synthetase activity autoregulates sams gene expression through AS-NMD in a negative feedback loop. We furthermore find that METT-10, the orthologue of human U6 snRNA methyltransferase METTL16, is required for the splicing regulation in vivo, and specifically methylates the invariant AG dinucleotide at the distal 3′ splice site (3′SS) in vitro. Direct RNA sequencing coupled with machine learning confirms m6A modification of endogenous sams mRNAs. Overall, these results indicate that homeostasis of SAM synthetase in C. elegans is maintained by alternative splicing regulation through m6A modification at the 3′SS of the sams genes
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