骨科英文书籍精读（154）｜指骨远节和骨骺骨折

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Fracture of the terminal shaft

Undisplaced fractures of the shaft need no treatment apart from analgesia. If angulated, they should be reduced and held with a longitudinal K-wire through the pulp for 4 weeks. The nail is often dislocated from its fold; if so it must be carefully tucked back in and held with a suture in each corner.

Physeal fracture

The basal physis can break, usually producing a Salter–Harris I fracture (Seymour fracture). The nail may be dislocated from its fold and the germinal matrix can be trapped in the fracture. The injury is easily overlooked if the finger is very swollen. The nail must be cleaned and carefully replaced into its bed.

---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》

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重点词汇整理：

Undisplaced fractures of the shaft need no treatment apart from analgesia.没有移位的骨干骨折不需要治疗除了镇痛

apart from除…之外；且不说；并且

analgesia /ˌænəlˈdʒiːʒə/n. 痛觉缺失；镇痛；无痛术

longitudinal  /ˌlɑːndʒəˈtuːdnl/adj. 长度的，纵向的；经线的

The nail is often dislocated from its fold;指甲经常脱臼;

suture/ˈsuːtʃər/n. 缝合；缝合处；缝合用的线vt. 缝合

germinal matrix生发基质

germinal  /'dʒɝmənl/adj. 胚种的；幼芽的；原始的

matrix/ˈmeɪtrɪks/n. 矩阵；模型；社会环境；基质；母体；子宫；脉石

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百度翻译：

远节骨干骨折

不移位的骨干骨折除了止痛外不需要治疗。如果成角，应将其复位，并用纵向K形钢丝穿过牙髓固定4周。指甲通常会从折叠处脱臼；如果是这样的话，必须小心地把它塞回原处，并在每个角落用缝线固定住。

骨骺骨折

基底骨可能断裂，通常产生Salter-HarrisⅠ型骨折（Seymour骨折）。甲襞可能会脱臼，生发基质可能会被困在骨折处。如果手指肿得很厉害的话，这种伤很容易被忽视。钉子必须清洗干净，小心地放回床上。

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