虚弱筛查与术后第30,180,365天存活率的关系
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A Comparative Study for the Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Fentanyl versus Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Epidural Ropivacaine 0.75% in Lower Abdominal Surgeries
背景与目的
重要性:随着美国人口老龄化,老年患者的手术数量可能会增加。虚弱对术后的死亡率和发病率的影响比年龄的影响要大,因此要设法评估高风险的外科病人并改善他们的预后。
目的:通过比较虚弱筛查Frailty Screening Initiative (FSI)实施前和实施后的一组外科手术病人的手术预后,来检查虚弱筛查计划(FSI)对死亡率和并发症的影响。
实验设计,设施和受试者:从2007年10月1日到2014年7月1日期间,在同一地点,设施范围内,预期质量改善项目研究共9153来自级别为1b的医疗中心的病人,这些病人接受主要的,择期非心脏外科手术。
方 法
从2007年10月1日至2014年7月1日,共有9153名患者接受了手术(平均【SD】年龄,60.3【 13.5】岁;女性,653名(7.1%);和白人,7096名[79.8%])。
在FSI实施后,30天的死亡率从1.6%(5275名患者中有84名)下降到0.7%(3878名患者中有26名,P<0.001)。在虚弱的患者中,改善最显著(197名患者中,有12.2%的患者下降到424名患者中为3.8%,P<0.001),尽管在强壮的患者中死亡率也有所下降(5078名患者中,有1.2%的患者下降到在3454名患者中,有0.3%的患者,P<0.001)。在虚弱的患者中改善的人数增加了180人(23.9%,【197例患者中有47人】到7.7%【389例患者中有36人】,P<0.001)在第365天(34.5%【197例患者中有68人】到11.7%【 309例患者中有36人】,P<0.001)。
多变量模型显示,在FSI实施并控制年龄、虚弱程度和预测死亡率后,存活率提高了, (调整后的优势比为180天存活率,2.87;95%置信区间,1.98 - -4.16。
结 果
结果表明,当芬兰尼用作辅助剂时,阻滞起效更快。
在芬太尼组中,从感觉阻滞最高平面到消退两个节段的时间较早,但在可乐定组,到需追加镇痛药的时间较长。
结 论
FSI的实施与降低死亡率有关,这表明了术前广泛筛查患者以确定患者的脆弱程度的可行性,以及旨在改善其手术预后系统级措施的有效性。还需要额外的调查来确认其因果联系。
原始文献摘要
A Comparative Study for the Analgesic Efficacy and Safety Profile of Fentanyl versus Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Epidural Ropivacaine 0.75% in Lower Abdominal Surgeries
Shuchi Nigam, Shivani Rastogi, Amit Tyagi, and Rajlakshmi Bhandari1
Author information ► Copyright and License information ►
Context:
Different adjuvants are coadministered with local anesthetics to improve the speed of onset and duration of analgesia, and to reduce the dose, the selection of which is often left to the choice of an anesthesiologist.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy and safety profile of fentanyl and clonidine as an adjuvant to epidural ropivacaine anesthesia.
Material and Methods:
Two groups with thirty patients each were randomly allocated to receive 15–20 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine with 75 μg clonidine or 15–20 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine with 75 μg fentanyl, respectively. Block characteristics such as onset of analgesia, maximum level of sensory blockade, complete motor blockade, hemodynamic, time to two-segment regressions, time for rescue analgesia, time to complete motor recovery, and side effects were analyzed.
Results:
Results showed that the onset of blockade is faster when fentanyl is used as additives. Time for two-segment regression was earlier in fentanyl group but time for rescue analgesia was longer in clonidine group.
Conclusion:
Addition of clonidine to epidural ropivacaine provides superior analgesia than the addition of fentanyl to epidural ropivacaine without much difference in side effect profile.
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