小谈英语写作中的句子

无论雅思，托福考研，中高考等各类英语考试写作中也就是英语句子在不停地循环折腾，考试不完，折腾不止。

雅思托福考研写作中的句子基本就是：简单句，并列句，复杂句三种有机配比，配比得好是高分的要素之一。

简单句：只包含一个主谓结构，各个成分都是单词或短语的句子。简单句表达的信息虽然相对简单，但却态度鲜明，这是它的优点。尽管有时它被一些高手所“不齿”，但考官却并没有彻底“不要”它，是个必须品，很多官方满分范文里都含有1-2句简单句，可见，简单句也是不可少的一道菜。

但要知道，这道菜不是主谓宾都是单一食材，而是都有配菜也就是修饰语，让简单句这道菜保持简单的本质但不简陋，在雅思托福考研中，上简单句并不丢面子，丢面子的是让简单句真空“上桌”，不给加任何“配菜”。

看剑桥里出现的简单句：

From our school experience, we can find plenty of evidence to support the view.

This policy has been adopted by some educational authorities or individual schools, with both positive and negative outcomes.

Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways.

并列句

简单句+并列连词+简单句

常见的并列连词： and, or, but, then, while（然而）, when(这时)

Both..and…, either…or…, neither…nor, as well as 等等。

和简单句同理，并列句也是加入了很多修饰成分，不是枯燥死板的并列句。

剑桥例句：

Poor student behaviour seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.

Students with such perspective are usually the most motivated ones and taking year off may be the best way to gain this.

Traditionally, children have begun studying foreign languages at secondary school, but introducing them earlier is recommended by some educationalists.

复杂句：主句+从句，主句是句子陈述的主体，从句是为主句意思服务的，带有关系代词或副词的叫从句，不带是的主句。

比较常见的关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等

关系副词：when, where, why 等

英语里三大从句：名词性从句—包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。

形容词性从句也就是定语从句—分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

副词性从句也就是状语从句：结果，原因，方式，目的，条件，时间。让步，原因。状语从句比较零碎，更多的是区分很多引导词或词组在引导时导致句子有不同含义。

比如 until 和till的用法区别；So…that或such…that的区别等等

剑桥考官9分的文章，平均每篇12句话，2句简单句，2句并列句，其余8句都是各种从句。

想雅思7分及以上，得写出4种，8个左右的复杂句。多样的句式体现的是写作功底和语言运用能力，考试中需要展示出来。

剑桥例句：

Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programmes.

While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships。

Even when people believe they are resisting change themselves ，they cannot stop the world around them from changing.

The gaps between their earnings and those of people who work less selfishly for the good of society cannot be justified。

If parents could raise children to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible individuals ，the whole community would benefit.

As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopular with everyone who needs to travel on the roads.

即使在官方的满分范文里,多数复杂句也只含有1~2个从句,有的会再加上1~2个介词短语或分词短语,句长大多在18~28个单词这一区间里。30个单词以上的句子很少，至于传说中含有3~4个从句的“无敌长难句术语凤毛麟角，这种超级长句语言效果还真就不一定好，类比：一桌子菜如果燕窝，鱼翅，甲鱼汤多了，营养吸收并不好，荤素搭配，普通食材加以修饰也不失为一桌好菜，故，无敌长句不是常见物，即使有，也是在符合整体逻辑的基础上自然流露出来的。

在考试作文写作中，虽然有些关系词可以省略比如动词后的that，但强烈不建议省，一能增加个字数，二还能显示出示个从句，何乐而不为呢？