【《道德经》第11章中英译文】三十根辐条...

【《道德经》第11章中英译文】三十根辐条连接于同一个轮毂，正因为轮毂的中空部分，才有车辆功能；Thirty spokes of a wheel are connected to its hub; it is the space inside the hub that makes the chariot work, which delivers utility.

揉捏黏土烧制陶器，正因为内凹部分，才有陶器的功用；Clay could be fashioned into a vessel; it is the space inside the vessel that delivers utility.

盖房时开凿门窗，正因为留出了空间，才有房屋用途。Make windows and doors for a house; it is the space inside the house that delivers utility.

因此，有形器物要带来利益，（还有赖于）无形部分的使用价值。 Therefore, the benefit of any piece of article, as being, depends on its utility as nonbeing. -溪谷 Valley.Lin《道德经：无为与自由》（修订稿）Feb. 15, 2021