Standardized Work Introduction-06周期时间计算

6.1  Collect Cycle time Measurements周期时间测量收集

The Time Measurementsheet is a tool that helps us to identify elements of an operation or worksequence, and the associated time for each element of the operation or worksequence

时间观测表是一种工具，可以帮助我们识别工序或作业顺序以及工序或作业相关联的时间

The Time Measurementsheet is a matrix used to simplify time study. By timing each element up to 10 times, the lowest most repeatable timebecome apparent.  We can then assume thatif an operator is able to perform an element repeatedly, it is a fairmeasurement of the time necessary to perform the work.

时间观测表是一个简单的时间研究矩阵，通过将每个作业要素观测10次，最短的可重复的时间显而易见。然后我们可以假设，如果员工可以重复性的执行某个要素，则可以公平的衡量操作此作业要素所需要的的时间

Steps use for completing the Time Measurement sheet:

时间观测表使用步骤

·       List the elements and walk in sequentialorder.  Number each element in the stopcolumn and label each walk with a (w).

列出作业要素以及作业顺序，在停止列中为每个要素编号，并用W标记每个移动

·       Identify the starting and finishing point foreach element.  For most jobs, it isassumed that the starting point for one element is the finish point of theprevious element.

确定每个要素开始和结束的点，对于大多数作业，假定一个要素的开始是上一个要素的结束

·       In determining when to start timing elements,three references to identify points for timing are:

Hearing – listening to when an element begins

Touching – seeing when an operator picks up a tool, ortouches a part

Walking – as soon as an operator starts to walk, theelement has been completed

在决定何时开始测量要素时，用于识别计时点的三个条件是：

听-作业何时开始

接触-看员工何时拿取工具，或触摸零件

移动-当员工开始移动时表示作业已经完成

·           Time each element.  When timing, round off to the nearest fullsecond.

测量每个作业要素，计时四舍五入

·           Determine the lowest most repeatable time foreach element. Note that the figure in this column is not an average, but anestimation of the lowest, most repeatable time.

确定每个要素的最短的可重复时间，注意，列出的数字不是平均数，而是对最短，可重复的时间进行计算

In determining whento start timing an element, first determine its Starting Point and FinishingPoint.  Three references to identify pointsfor timing are:

Hearing    (listeningfor audible cues when an element begins or ends)

Touching  (seeing whenan operator picks up a tool, or touches a part)

Walking    (as soon asan operator starts to walk, the element has been                     completed)

确定何时开始计算作业要素时，先确定其起点和终点。识别时间点的三个参照：

听(听作业要素的开始和结束)

看-看员工何时拿取工具，或触摸零件

移动-当员工开始移动时表示作业已经完成

In Summary:

Identify the StartingPoint and the Finishing Point for each element(Hearing, Touch or Step).  For most jobs it is assumed that the StartingPoint for one element is the Finishing Point of the previous element.  The last element of the sequence usually endswith the Starting Point of the first element.

识别每个作业要素开始和结束时间点(听，触摸，移动)，假定一个要素的起点是上一个要素的终点，作业顺序的最后一个作业通常以第一个作业的起点结束

Machine Times

These are measured inthe same way as operator cycle times. Machines can have variation, too, so we use the lowest repeatablemeasurement.

设备运行时间测量和人员时间测量一样，设备运行时间同样存在变化，所以同样采用最低的重复的测量时间