【好书推荐】

一、小编按

过去完成时在基本用法上其实与现在完成时是相通的，只是其所要描述的动作是发生在过去某个时间点之前的动作。要想掌握其用法，关键在于两点：一是要注意其标志性的时间状语，二是要注意在宾语从句和状语从句中的情况。

在《新概念英语》中，第一册里只是在第119-120课对过去完成时做了简单铺垫，到了第二册里才予以了更多的篇幅，但相对其他时态而言，其篇幅也还是较少的。

在上海历年的中考英语真题中，过去完成时只有在2011年和2014年的考题中出现了，而且只有2014年的真题中成为了答案：

41. By the end of last week, she ________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.

A) will stay B) has stayed C) would stay D) had stayed

该题原句里出现了标志性的时间状语By the end of last week，因为其中的具体时间点是表过去的last week，所以句子的动作应该是指在这个过去时间之前就已经发生的动作，所以要用过去完成时，即答案选D)。

二、过去完成时用法详解

（一）用法详解

英语过去完成时的用法大全

（二）学生常犯错误

1、混淆现在完成时和过去完成时。这主要是因为有的学生会忽视句中出现的时间状语。如：He has read ten books by the end of last Friday.句中的时间状语by the end of the last Friday中的时间点last Friday是表过去的，所以has要改为had。

2、如果发生在过去的两个动作是先后紧密相连的，则两个动作都可以用一般过去时。如：He left the party after he had received a call from his mother.句中的he接到妈妈打来的电话后就离开聚会了，两个动作是紧接着发生的，所以receive直接用一般过去式received即可。

三、听歌学英语之If I were a boy

《If I Were a Boy》是美国女歌手碧昂丝·吉赛尔·诺斯演唱的一首“成人时代”歌曲，该歌曲作为推广专辑的首支单曲，于2008年10月12日通过索尼音乐娱乐公司发行，后被收录在碧昂丝·吉赛尔·诺斯的第三张录音室专辑《I Am...Sasha Fierce》。

该歌曲于2008至2009年期间分别拿下澳洲、英国、丹麦、意大利等国家的音乐排行榜冠军，并于2008年12月8日拿下美国公告牌百强单曲榜季军之位。2009年5月，该歌曲MV获日本MTV音乐录影带奖“最佳女性视频”提名。

《If I Were a Boy》由托比·盖德和BC·简共同创作，其灵感来源于BC·简她本人所认为是真心且艰难的一段恋情。在创作过程中，BC·简花费十五分钟完成该歌曲的旋律及歌词，并和托比·盖德一起花费一小时三十分钟完成整首曲子。歌词的创作方式是每当BC·简说过什么有趣的言论后，托比·盖德就拿出录音机把她的话录下来，并写入歌曲中。

——以上内容选编自百度百科的词条介绍

下面我们就来欣赏这首爱过之后方知痛与快的倾诉吧：

If I were a boy

If I were a boy

Even just for a day

I'd roll out of bed in the morning

And throw on what I wanted then go

Drink beer with the guys

And chase after girls

I'd kick it with who I wanted

And I'd never get confronted for it.

Cause they'd stick up for me.

If I were a boy

I think I could understand

How it feels to love a girl

I swear I'd be a better man.

I'd listen to her

Cause I know how it hurts

When you lose the one you wanted

Cause he's taken you for granted

And everything you had got destroyed

If I were a boy

I could turn off my phone

Tell everyone it's broken

So they'd think that I was sleepin' alone

I'd put myself first

And make the rules as I go

Cause I know that she'd be faithful

Waitin' for me to come home (to come home)

If I were a boy

I think I could understand

How it feels to love a girl

I swear I'd be a better man.

I'd listen to her

Cause I know how it hurts

When you lose the one you wanted

Cause he's taken you for granted

And everything you had got destroyed

It's a little too late for you to come back

Say it's just a mistake

Think I'd forgive you like that

If you thought I would wait for you

You thought wrong

But you're just a boy

You don't understand

Yeah you don't understand

How it feels to love a girl someday

You wish you were a better man

You don't listen to her

You don't care how it hurts

Until you lose the one you wanted

Cause you've taken her for granted

And everything you had got destroyed

But you're just a boy

听歌学英语：If I were a boy和过去完成时