mal-/male-=bad(ly),not坏,不,错误【p65】
【mis-= bad, wrong, not 坏, 错, 不, 没, 无; 与动词和名词结合. mis-源于古英语miss本义是“射箭没有射中靶心”。
mal-=bad(ly), not, incorrect(ly) 坏,不,错误.源自拉丁语male=badly, 因为male比female更具破坏性,所以 后来male指男人,雄性动物。
由此我们联想到mal-的反义前缀:bene-=good,well好,善,良,益。】
(1) malfunction [mæl'fʌŋkʃən] n.故障;失灵 v.(指机器)发生故障; 失灵【function ['fʌŋkʃən] n.功能;“机器的功能坏了”】
(2) maltreat [mæl'tri:t] v.虐待 【mal-=badly坏;treat [tri:t] v.对待,款待;治疗;“对待某人很坏”】
(3) malnutrition ['mælnju(:)'triʃәn] n.营养不良【mal-=not不;nutrition [nju:'triʃən] n.营养;营养学;“营养不足或不合理”】
(4) malnourished [mæl'nʌriʃt] a. 营养不良的【nourished ['nʌriʃd] a. 滋养的,有营养的】 [常]
(5) malpractice [mæl'præktis] n. 玩忽职守; 营私舞弊; 渎职【practice从业,从事】 [常]
(6) male [meil] n.男性,雄性 a.男性的,雄性的 【mal=bad坏,-e后缀;“male与female相比更具有破坏性”】
(7) malefactor ['mælifæktə] n.犯罪分子;作恶得人 【male=mal=bad坏,e衍生;factor做事的人;“做坏事的人”】
【经典例句】
(1) The sun may have cooked the batteries, causing them to malfunction. 太阳很可能把电池烧坏了,导致故障.
(2) Disease often follows malnutrition.疾病常常起因于营养不良.
(3) This food provides all the nutrition your dog needs. 本食品含有狗所必需的一切营养.
(4) More than million Indians— one fifth of the country's population— are malnourished because they cannot afford the food they need有超过两亿印度人(这个国家总人口的1/5)养不良,因为他们买不起食物.
(5) Various malpractices by police officers were brought to light by the enquiry. 警察的各种不法行为经调查已揭露出来.
(6) Malefactors will be pursued and punished. 作恶的人要予以究治.
(7) They try hard to shorten the process of manufacture.他们尽量缩短制作过程.
It's still under guarantee,so the manufacturer will repair it.保证书还有效,所以厂家会给修理的.