囊性气腔丨未能被充分认识的肺癌早期征象

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Conclusion

The prevalence of lung cancers arising in association with cystic airspaces is still unknown, and the risk of cysts developing into lung cancer is unquantified. However, owing to the growing numbers of patients undergoing lung cancer screening or serial CT for surveillance of other conditions, these cancers are an increasingly recognized phenomenon. Furthermore, they have been identified as a cause of missed or delayed cancer diagnoses in screening trials and radiologists’ daily practice. Lung cancers associated with cystic airspaces are still poorly understood; this fact is emphasized by the varying nomenclature used to describe these lesions. Classification systems can aid in decision making, but they do not provide prognostic information because the numbers of cases evaluated are too small. The emerging cohort of study data and evolving pathogenetic theories should prompt the radiologic community to conduct prospective evaluations of these lesions to determine the absolute risk and establish standardized management. Future formal management guidelines should be based on the review of large datasets from either screened patients, which can be retrospectively evaluated, or prospective studies.