Plant Biotechnol. J|中科院东北地理生态所揭示GmCCD4调控大豆中的类胡萝卜素含量

为了更好地理解主要作物中调节植物类胡萝卜素代谢的机制，我们报道了甘氨酸最大类胡萝卜素切割双加氧酶4(GmCCDf)基因的基于图谱的克隆和功能特征，该基因编码一种类胡萝卜素切割双加氧酶，参与将类胡萝卜素代谢成挥发性β-紫罗兰酮。

四个球蛋白中GmCCD4蛋白功能的丧失导致大豆类胡萝卜素含量增加。这是由于突变体花瓣中类胡萝卜素的过度积累而导致黄色花朵。

类胡萝卜素的含量在绿豆种子中也增加了三倍。

一项全基因组关联研究表明，GmCCD4基因座是自然群体中与类胡萝卜素含量相关的一个主要基因座。

进一步的分析表明，GmCCD4基因的单倍型-1与大豆品种中较高的类胡萝卜素水平正相关，并且在具有不同GmCCD4单倍型异位表达的工程大肠杆菌中积累了更多的β-胡萝卜素。

这些观察结果揭示了GmCCD4是大豆类胡萝卜素含量的负调节因子，它的各种单倍型为今后的大豆育种实践提供了有用的资源。

To better understand the mechanisms regulating plant carotenoid metabolism in staple crop, we report the map-based cloning and functional characterization of the Glycine max carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 (GmCCD4) gene, which encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase enzyme involved in metabolizing carotenoids into volatile β-ionone. Loss of GmCCD4 protein function in four Glycine max increased carotenoid content (gmicc) mutants resulted in yellow flowers due to excessive accumulation of carotenoids in flower petals. The carotenoid contents also increase three times in gmicc1 seeds. A genome-wide association study indicated that the GmCCD4 locus was one major locus associated with carotenoid content in natural population. Further analysis indicated that the haplotype-1 of GmCCD4 gene was positively associated with higher carotenoid levels in soybean cultivars and accumulated more β-carotene in engineered E. coli with ectopic expression of different GmCCD4 haplotypes. These observations uncovered that GmCCD4 was a negative regulator of carotenoid content in soybean, and its various haplotypes provide useful resources for future soybean breeding practice.

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