TE||Plastic flower of the flock
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导读
李嘉诚如何评价富二代
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Plastic flower of the flock
一支出类拔萃的塑胶花
本文英文部分选自经济学人Business版块
Plastic flower of the flock
一支出类拔萃的塑胶花
注:
The flower of the flock: 家中最好的孩子,某一集体中出类拔萃的人物
The flower of sth: 习语, (某事物的)最佳部分,精华;精英(摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》)
塑胶花:1950年,李嘉诚在香港筲箕湾创办长江塑胶厂。1957年,李嘉诚无意中获知意大利一家公司利用塑胶原料制造塑胶花,畅销欧美市场。李嘉诚受此启发开始研制生产塑料花,填补了香港市场的空白。塑胶花为李嘉诚带来数千万港元的盈利,长江厂成为世界最大的塑胶花生产厂家,他也因此被称为 “塑胶花大王”。
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%9D%8E%E5%98%89%E8%AF%9A/1044?fr=aladdin
Li Ka-shing cedes a sprawling empire to his son
李嘉诚给予长子一个庞大的(商业)帝国
The tycoon’s retirement marks the end of an era for Hong Kong
巨头的退休宣告香港李超人时代的结束
“TOO long” was how Li Ka-shing, known fondly by locals as chiu yan
(Superman) for his business nous, described his working life when he announced on March 16th that he would be retiring in May. Asia’s pre-eminent dealmaker has been around for longer than his fictional namesake, scoring and selling assets in ports, telecoms, retail and property to amass a fortune estimated at $36bn.
2018年3月16日,李嘉诚宣布将于五月份退休,称其工作的时间“太久了”;他因敏锐的商业头脑被香港人亲切地称为“超人”。这位亚洲首屈一指的交易人驰骋商场的时间比那部跟他同名的电影还要长久,他凭借在港口、电信、零售及房地产行业投资出售资产,积累了约360亿美元的财富。
Few expect Mr Li, who will turn 90 this summer, to hang up his cape for good. He says he will stay on to advise his eldest son, Victor Li, who will inherit his two main businesses. The first is CK Hutchison, a conglomerate with interests in power plants, perfume and much in between. It runs 52 ports and owns 14,000 high-street stores, including Watsons at home and Superdrug in Britain. The second is CK Asset, one of Hong Kong’s biggest property developers. Combined they are worth $79.7bn.
很少有人希望今年夏天将满90岁的李嘉诚就此退休不问世事。他也表示会继续在重大事项上给长子李泽钜(Victor Li)提供意见,后者将继承他的两大主要业务,价值共计797亿美元。一是长和(CK Hutchison),一家兴趣集中在发电厂、香水等领域的企业集团。它运营着52家港口,拥有1.4万家零售商店,其中包括国内的屈臣氏(Watsons)和英国的Superdrug。二是长实(CK Asset),香港最具规模的地产开发商。
注:
CK Hutchison, 长江和记实业有限公司
公司网站http://www.ckh.com.hk/en/global/home.php
CK Asset 长江实业集团有限公司
公司网站 http://www.ckah.com/eng/
Superdrug:英国美容健康连锁零售商,创立于1964年的Superdrug 在2002年10月被AS Watson屈臣氏集团收购,该公司是目前是英国第二大美容和健康零售商,号称占据英国美容市场30%份额。而历史可以追溯至1828年的AS Watson屈臣氏集团是香港首富李嘉诚旗下长江和记控股有限公司旗下主要零售业务。
At the press conference the younger Mr Li made all the right noises. “When I return to work tomorrow, it will be the same,”he told investors. They took it well—shares in the two CK businesses dipped only modestly at the news. His father’s willingness to cut him off and answer reporters’
questions himself may have reassured them that he really will stick around.
在记者招待会上,李泽钜所有的回答都是恰当的。他对投资者说:“明天我回去工作时,一切还如之前一样。”市场反映良好—长和系(the two CK businesses)旗下的各支股票仅在消息发布当时稍有下跌。李嘉诚打断儿子而亲自回答记者提问的举动,可能已经让投资者放心,他真的会留下来(协助儿子)。
注:
make (all) the right noises:
To behave as though one is enjoying,supporting of, or enthusiastic about
something, even if that is not the case
长和系 https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/155885160.html
90岁李嘉诚宣布退休 香港“超人”时代结束
http://finance.ifeng.com/a/20180316/16032234_0.shtml
李超人退休记者招待会视频
http://www.iqiyi.com/w_19rwoxg3ah.html(全粤语)
Succession is a delicate matter. Joseph Fan of the Chinese University of Hong Kong has found that family-run firms in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan lose 60% of their value on average in the years before and after a change. Many a tycoon has proved hopeless at planning for his departure. Discussing death is regarded as unlucky. Most cling on past their prime.
继承是一件微妙的事情。香港中文大学的范博宏(Joseph Fan)发现香港,新加坡和台湾的家族企业在企业交接班前后几年企业价值平均流失60%。许多巨头都已证实,在他们退休后下一代无法胜任。讨论死亡被视为不吉利。大部分人坚持到过了巅峰期(也不想退休)。
Not so the meticulous Mr Li. As early as 2000 it became clear that Victor would inherit his empire, after his second son, Richard, stepped down as deputy chairman of Hutchison Whampoa (now CK Hutchison) and went his own way. In 2012 Mr Li made this line of succession official.
李嘉诚先生并不那么谨小慎微。早在2000年,当他的二儿子李泽楷从和记黄浦集团辞职并开创自己事业时,局势就已经明朗,李泽钜将继承他的王国。2012年李嘉诚官方证实了如上猜测属实。
According to Oliver Rui of the China Europe International Business School in Shanghai, Mr Li also simplified a complex holding structure in 2015 with the handover in mind. He split property holdings from other assets, boosting both firms’ valuations and making it easier for his son to sell off bits of the empire in future.
根据上海中欧国际工商学院的芮萌之言,为了顺利交班,李嘉诚2015年对集团进行了简化重组。他将房地产从其它资产中剥离开来,提升了两个企业的估值,也使他儿子未来更容易售出帝国的部分资产。
注:2015年1月9日,李嘉诚旗下两大“巨子”长江实业、和记黄埔宣布,将重组两集团业务,并创立两间新的上市公司,分别为“长和”及“长地”,前者会接手两集团所有的非房地产业务,后者则会合并两集团的全部房地产业务,而该重组被视为李嘉诚看空并放弃大陆房地产。
Mr Li has also been reinvesting his fortune in stable,cash-generating assets in Europe. These now account for close to two-thirds of CK Hutchison’s operating profit, compared with just 16% from Hong Kong and mainland China. In November he sold a 73-storey skyscraper on Hong Kong island for $5.2bn, and since 2013 has parted with $3bn-worth of commercial properties in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.
李嘉诚先生还将他的财富重新投资于欧洲稳定的现金产出资产。目前,这些资产占长和集团营业利润的近三分之二,而香港和中国内陆仅占16%。11月,他以52亿美元的价格在香港岛出售了一幢73层高的摩天大楼(中环中心),自2013年以来,他在北京,上海和广州已经出售价值30亿美元的商业地产。
Although both father and son speak of continuity, many in Hong Kong see Li senior’s exit as the end of an era—and not just for his empire. Mr Li came to Hong Kong as a wartime refugee, fleeing Guangdong with his family in 1940 at the age of 12. His father died soon afterwards, and he was taken out of school and put to work. In 1950 he was among the first in the British colony to get into the plastics business. His plastic flowers were a hit. (His future wife came from a well-off industrial family, helping with credit and connections.) When property prices slumped during riots in 1967 he pounced, setting up his first property company in 1971. The timing was propitious; Hong Kong’s economy grew by 9% a year on average in that decade.
尽管说父子二人都谈到了连续性(子承父业),但许多香港人认为“李老”的退出是一个时代的结束,而不仅仅是他的帝国。 李先生于1940年12岁时随家人逃离广东来到香港,当时他是一名战时难民。他的父亲不久后就去世了,他被迫离校并开始工作。 1950年,他成为第一批进入英国塑料产业的人。他的塑料花火了。(他未来的妻子来自一个富裕的工业家庭,帮助他获得信贷和人脉。)1967年骚乱期间,当房地产价格暴跌时,他抓住了机会,并在1971年成立了自己的第一家房地产公司。时机非常精准,在那十年里,香港经济平均每年增长9%。
He went on to operate container ports, and belonged to the first wave of outsiders to invest in China when it opened up in the late 1970s. In Hong Kong he bought into everything from groceries to pharmacies, and supplied swathes of the city with electricity. Through Hutchison, an old British trading house that he bought in 1979 (the first time a Chinese took control of a British firm), he expanded abroad in a way no other local tycoon has. Unusually for a head of a family firm, he sought out professional managers, many of them foreign.
他接着又经营港口集装箱(生意),并赶上了上世纪70年代末开放的时候第一波外国人投资中国的浪潮。 在香港,他购买了从食品杂货到药房等很多资产,并为城市提供电力。他在1979年买下的老牌英国贸易公司---和记黄埔Hutchison(这是中国人第一次控制一家英国公司),他以一种与其他当地大亨不同的方式在海外扩张。不同寻常的是,对于一个家族企业的负责人来说,他选择了职业经理人,并且其中许多都是外国人。
The incoming boss has worked with some of them for decades. Victor is credited with CK Hutchison’s push into overseas utilities, including three big recent investments in energy infrastructure in Australia, Canada and Germany. Still, if he has his own vision for the business, it may not become apparent for two to three years, says Mr Rui.
即将上任的掌舵人已经与其中一部分人共事了几十年。李泽钜被认为是长江和记实业进军海外公共事业的重要推手,其中包括近期在澳大利亚、加拿大、德国的三笔能源基础设施投资。芮萌表示,尽管如此,如果李泽钜有自己的商业愿景,在这两三年内也不会明显表露。
It could use fresh thinking. Two decades ago, Mr Li’s stocks were among the ten most actively traded on Hong Kong’s exchange, according to Bloomberg, a data provider. Now they are outside the top 30. A foray into biotech has been ho-hum.
换个新的角度来看,据数据供应商彭博社称,20年前,李嘉诚的股票曾是香港交易所交易最活跃的十大股票之一。如今已经跌至前30之外,而在生物科技领域的尝试也一直很沉闷。
As for Hong Kong, it is less fertile ground for would-be tycoons than before. Oligopolies are entrenched locally. Mainland China, meanwhile, produces a dollar billionaire every five days. Pony Ma and Jack Ma, (unrelated) founders of Tencent and Alibaba, two tech giants, are richer than Mr Li. A new Li Ka-shing is more likely to rise in next-door Shenzhen than in Hong Kong.
相较于以前,香港愈难称得上是培养商业巨亨的沃土。寡头在本地根深蒂固。与此同时,中国大陆每五天诞生一个亿万富翁。与李嘉诚相比,腾讯和阿里巴巴这两大科技巨头的创始人马化腾和马云更加富裕。比起香港,新的李嘉诚更有可能在临近的深圳崛起。
注:
澎湃新闻:54岁站上前台:长于李嘉诚光环之下长和系太子李泽钜
http://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/hkstock/ggscyd/2018-03-19/doc-ifyskwse4881353.shtml
21世纪经济报道:李嘉诚退休:李泽钜接棒长和系 过万亿港元资产欧洲业务占比6成
https://m.21jingji.com/article/20180317/30a6a5c929e4c59b6ce1be58017ed57a.htm
翻译组:
Lixia,女,HR,经济学人发烧友
Ema, 女,外贸民工,经济学人爱好者
Vambie,女,互联网民工,经济学爱好者
Roxnne,女,媒体行业,经济学人爱好者
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Emily,女,金融民工,经济学人爱好者
Damon,男,钢管搬运工,经济学爱好者
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观点 |评论|思考
本次观点为Pamela独家奉献
Pamela,女,新闻民工,经济学人爱好
如何评价李嘉诚?
有钱、有钱、有钱
如何评价李嘉诚的儿子?
富二代。
大家的印象肯定是统一的。
(如有不服欢迎留言。)
年近90岁的李嘉诚提出退休之后,他的长子李泽钜顺其自然地继承了他绝大多数的业务。他一生所创下的财富和投资传奇,也大量地被外界提及。当然也包括对“富二代”的教育。
正如外界所知,香港首富李嘉诚的儿子李泽钜、李泽楷都是含着“金汤匙”出生的。当其长子李泽钜在1964年出生时,李嘉诚就已经成为了香港“塑胶花大王”,并开始布局房地产业。李泽钜、李泽楷一出生就已经是名副其实的“富二代”了。
可是,李嘉诚作为历经风雨、饱受风霜的过来人,他深知温室里的幼苗是很难茁壮成长的。对于生于温室的富二代,其根部一定不壮,遇逆境很难应对。
在梳理资料的时候,我发现了一些李嘉诚对于孩子教育重视的小故事:
第一是,在李泽钜和李泽楷小的时候,李嘉诚很少让他们坐私家车,却常常带他们坐电车、巴士。李嘉诚的解释则是:“在电车、巴士上,你们能见到不同职业、不同阶层的人,能够看到最平凡的生活、最普通的人,那才是真实的生活,真实的社会;而坐在私家车里,你什么都看不到,什么也不会懂得。”
第二是,李泽钜和李泽楷都还不满10岁的时候,李嘉诚就特意在长实的会议室安排了“专席”,让他的两个儿子出席董事会议。李嘉诚说,“我这样做不是教他们做生意,而是让他们知道做生意并非那么简单,要花很多心血,要靠很多人的帮助,才完成一件事情。”
第三是,李泽钜在香港读书的时候,李嘉诚并不愿意给儿子过多的金钱,他给李泽钜的钱只能满足其日常消费。
我向来不喜欢被别人灌鸡汤。如果这些富二代都按照所谓“穷人”的路子培养,加之他们有坚实的经济与物质基础之后,可以享受到更好的教育和成长环境,也自然而然可以快速长成社会里的精英。那么对于不这么富裕的家庭而言呢?不用拼爹娘,艰苦奋斗就可以拼到优于其他人的位置么?
当然这样对于成功的定义或许是不够恰当的,所以家庭教育尤为重要。李嘉诚虽然可以给孩子很优越的生活环境,但是他还不忘教导孩子重视同理心、独立思考等。
呆萌大叔说,“想想我们这代人,和父母这代人,一代不如一代。”(我们也不是一代人~)现在“富二代”二字总是会被负面地放大,“含着金钥匙”长大的群体,很容易变得娇气、任性、耽于享乐,也容易失去父辈艰苦奋斗、勤劳创富的精神,误入歧途沦为“问题青少年”。深思真的是这样么?
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