一文读懂16个血糖关键点

从低血糖到高血糖，有16个非常重要的血糖关键点，你都知道吗？From low blood sugar to high blood sugar, there are 16 very important blood sugar points, do you know?

作者：杨历军  Author: Yang Lijun     翻译：悬壶

来源：糖尿病之敌  Source: The Enemy of Diabetes

半糖主义 S.H.E - Super Star

利用血糖仪来进行自我血糖监测是血糖监测的基本形式，现在大部分患者都会购买和使用血糖仪，它十分简单，也能为医生的诊治提供依据。

It is the basic form of blood glucose monitoring to conduct self-blood glucose monitoring with a blood glucose meter. Now most patients will buy and use a blood glucose meter, which is very simple and can also provide the basis for doctors' diagnosis and treatment.

但有时患者对于血糖值具体代表什么意义，接下来应该注意什么，却不是很清楚，需要医生的提醒。

However, sometimes patients are not clear about the specific meaning of blood glucose level and what they should pay attention to next, so they need to be reminded by the doctor.

下面，小编就列出16个血糖关键点代表的相关意义，并给出一些处置建议，给大家做点参考。

Below, I will list the relevant significance of the 16 key points of blood sugar, and give some suggestions on disposal for your reference.

1、血糖＜ 1.5 mmol/L    

     Blood glucose < 1.5 mmol/L

多数糖尿病患者会出现低血糖昏迷，在这种情况下，因为无法保持清醒，所以无法自救，如果没有其他人发现送医院抢救，或者现场补充升糖片、可乐等高含糖食物，后果会很严重。

Most diabetic patients will suffer from hypoglycemia coma. In this case, they cannot save themselves because they cannot stay awake. If no one else finds out and sends them to the hospital for rescue, or giving them sugar tablets, cola and other high - sugar food on the spot, the consequences will be very serious.

所以容易低血糖的糖尿病患者如果独自出门，除了需要携带补充糖分用的糖果、点心等等，在外衣口袋里还要准备一张纸，告诉前来救你的人，你是糖尿病患者和如何救助的方法。

Therefore, if diabetics who are prone to hypoglycemia go out alone, in addition to carrying sweets and snacks for supplementing sugar, they should also prepare a piece of paper in the pocket of their coat, telling the person who comes to save you that you are a diabetic and the ways how to help you.

相比起给家人或者医院打电话，现场补充糖分是最快见效的处置方法，切记！

Instead of calling your family or the hospital, adding sugar on the spot is the quickest way to fix it, you must remember !

2、1.5＜血糖＜ 3（2.8）mmol/L    

      1.5 < blood glucose < 3 (2.8) mmol/L

3的后面加一个括号2.8，代表有不同的标准，在这里同时列出来。

3 is followed by a parenthesis of 2.8, indicating that there are different criteria, which are also listed here.

这个血糖值范围属于低血糖，有部分糖尿病患者神志会出现异常，有的表现为神志模糊，有的人会很暴躁，因人而异。

This range of blood glucose is hypoglycemia, and some diabetic patients will have abnormal mind, some of them will be confused, some of them will be very irritable, which varies from person to person.

这时应该尽快补充糖分，如果已经出现无力、说不出话来的情形，应该设法求救，再次强调一下随身携带糖果、点心、升糖片等食物的重要性——关键时刻是用来救命的。

Sugar should be added as soon as possible, and if patients become too weak or unable to speak, try to call for help. Let me emphasize it again,, it is very important for patients to  carry candy, snacks, or sugary snacks with them -- it can save their life In the nick of time.

3、血糖≤ 3（2.8）mmol/L    

     Blood glucose ≤ 3 (2.8) mmol/L

这个血糖值关键点是低血糖的诊断标准，在这种情况下，体内交感神经会开始兴奋，出现低血糖的症状，如出汗、心慌等现象。

This blood sugar level is the diagnostic criterion for hypoglycemia, in which the sympathetic nerves in the body start to get excited and symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as sweating and palpitations, occur.

但需要注意的是，有些糖尿病患者不会出现明显的低血糖症状，这时就要特别注意：不要因为没有症状就掉以轻心，该补充糖分就要补充糖分。

However, it should be noted that some diabetic patients do not show obvious symptoms of hypoglycemia, so special attention should be paid to this: do not take it lightly because there are no symptoms, sugar should be added if necessary.

4、血糖 3.9 mmol/L    

     Blood glucose of 3.9mmol /L

这个值，是一个健康人空腹状态下正常血糖的下限，通常这个空腹是指睡一晚早上起床后没有吃东西的情况。

This value is the lowest limit of normal blood sugar for a healthy person with an empty stomach, which usually refers to the condition the one getting up in the morning does not have anything to eat after one whole night sleeping.

也就是说，比这个值更低的，就属于血糖异常的范围了。

In other words, the value lower than this is in the range of abnormal blood sugar.

在这个血糖值下，身体负责升糖的激素，比如胰高糖素，糖皮质激素就开始分泌，也就是说，身体出现自动反应，要开始升糖了。

At this level of blood sugar, the body's hormones responsible for raising sugar, such as glucagon and glucocorticoids,begin to secrete, meaning that the body has an automatic response to start raising sugar.

很多糖尿病患者凌晨3点左右出现血糖低于3.9mmol/L之后，早上起来的空腹血糖往往比较高，这种现象有个名字，叫做“苏木杰（Somogyi)效应”，跟身体的自动反应“程序”有关系。

Many diabetics wake up in morning with higher fasting blood sugar levels after their blood sugar drops below 3.9mmol/L around 3 a.m. This phenomenon, known as the Somogyi effect, is related to the body's automatic response PROGRAM.

5、血糖 4.6 mmol/L    

     Blood glucose of 4.6mmol /L

这是在空腹状态下，控制血糖比较理想的下限值，也就是说，再往下低，就属于控制得过低了。

This is the ideal lower limit for the control of blood glucose in an empty stomach. In other words, if the blood glucose is lower, it is too low.

在这个血糖值下，身体里的胰岛素会停止分泌，这就相当于发出了一个信号：停！

At this blood sugar level, the body's insulin stops producing, sending a signal: Stop!

别再降糖了，该考虑升糖了！

Stop lowering sugar, it's time to consider raising sugar!

6、血糖≥ 5.6 mmol/     

     Blood glucose ≥ 5.6mmol /L

一般在空腹状态测出这个值的人，如果还不是糖尿病患者，那也属于糖尿病高危人群。

People who measure this value on an empty stomach are at high risk of diabetes if they are not yet diabetic.

这也是美国糖尿病协会（ADA）建议的“空腹血糖受损”的下限切点——从这个点开始，血糖超过5.6mmol/L，建议去医院做葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）。

This is also the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) recommended cutoff point for 'impaired fasting glucose' -- a point at which the one whose blood glucose levels above 5.6mmol/L should be recommended for a hospital glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

同时也是敲响了一记警钟：该预防糖尿病了！

It's also a wake-up call: It's time to prevent diabetes!

不过，这个阶段还是属于可以逆转的阶段，但是半只脚已经踏进了糖尿病的门，千万不要再往前走了。

However, the stage is still reversible, this person is probably going to have diabetes and his blood sugar can't get any higher.

7、血糖6.1mmol/L    

     Blood glucose 6.1mmol/L

这是健康人在空腹状态下，正常血糖值的上限。

This is the upper limit of normal blood glucose in fasting state of healthy people.

也就是说，空腹血糖高于这个值的，就不属于正常血糖了。

In other words, if the fasting blood glucose is higher than this value, it does not belong to normal blood glucose.

8、6.1＜血糖＜7mmol/L   

     6.1 < blood glucose < 7mmol/L

这个血糖范围介于健康人和糖尿病诊断标准之间，属于空腹血糖受损（糖调节受损期）。

This range of blood glucose is between healthy and diabetic diagnostic criteria and belongs to impaired fasting blood glucose (impaired glucose regulation).

测出血糖值在这个范围的，属于糖尿病早期，依然是可以逆转的。

Blood sugar measurements in this range, which are in the early stages of diabetes, can still be reversed.

这是一个重要的转折点，如果抓住机会，就有可能远离糖尿病。

This is an important turning point, if the one takes the opportunity, it is possible to stay away from diabetes.

可是，在现实生活里，会经常有人意识不到或者抓不住这个宝贵的机会。

However, in real life, there are many people who often do not realize or do not seize this precious opportunity.

如果多一些人，多一些声音去宣传和教育，或许我们能够在这个“悬崖”上挽救很多人。

If more people, more voices to educate, maybe we can save a lot of people from this time of danger.

9、血糖 ≥7.0mmol/L     

     Blood glucose ≥7.0mmol/L

如果重复两次，在空腹状态下测出血糖值在这个范围，就会有人残酷地通知：这是糖尿病！

If this value appears twice, and one's fasting blood sugar level is measured in this range, the doctor will inform us seriously : he has diabetes!

这往往意味着战斗号角从此吹响，因为到目前为止，糖尿病仍然是不能根治的。

This often means  the battle begins since now, as diabetes is still incurable so far.

10、血糖7.8mmol/L    

       Blood glucose of 7.8mmol/L

餐后2小时血糖的上限，高于这个值，就不属于正常值了。

It is the upper limit of blood glucose 2 hours after a meal, ,it is not normal above this level.

11、血糖8.9mmol/L     

       Blood glucose of 8.9mmol/L

健康人的正常肾糖阀，超过这个值就会有尿糖出现，但不同个体（妊娠等）也会有差异。

If normal renal sugar valve in healthy people, is more than this value, his urine sugar will be present, but also it varies from person to person (pregnant woman, etc.).

12、7.8＜血糖＜11.1mmol/L   

       7.8 < blood glucose < 11.1mmol/L

餐后2小时血糖在这个血糖值范围为糖尿病早期，属于糖耐量低减（糖调节受损期）的范围。

The one whose blood sugar 2 hours after a meal in this range is in the early stages of diabetes, it falls within the range of impaired glucose tolerance (impaired glucose regulation).

13、血糖＞11.1mmol/L    

       Blood glucose > 11.1mmol/L

重复两次在餐后或者口服葡萄糖实验（OGTT）中测出血糖值高于11.1mmol/L的，可以确诊糖尿病。

Diabetes can be confirmed if blood glucose levels higher than 11.1mmol/L are measured twice in postprandial or oral glucose test (OGTT).

14、血糖≥13.9mmol/L   

       Blood glucose ≥13.9mmol/L

体内的脂肪开始分解，产生少量酮体。

Fat in the body will begin to break down, producing small amounts of ketone bodies in this condition.

这个值主要用于临床参考：通常用这个值来决定，临床输液治疗时，用盐水还是葡萄糖。

This value is mainly used for clinical reference: this value is usually used to determine whether to use saline or glucose for clinical infusion therapy.

15、血糖≥16.7mmol/L   

       Blood glucose ≥16.7mmol/L

血糖值在这个范围，说明体内胰岛素的作用已经微乎其微，血糖几乎不能被细胞吸收利用。

The blood glucose level within this range, indicates that the role of insulin in the body is already negligible, and blood glucose can hardly be absorbed and utilized by cells.

虽然血液里的糖分很多，但是由于缺乏胰岛素这个打开细胞大门的“钥匙”，身体的细胞无法吸收利用。

There's a lot of sugar in the blood, but the body's cells can't absorb it because of a lack of insulin, the key openning the door to cells.

这就会让身体错误地认为：体内开始闹饥荒了！

This can lead the body to mistakenly believe that famine is starting inside the body!

于是开始大量分解体内脂肪，释放血糖，同时产生大量的酮体，出现酮症酸中毒的危险。

Therefore, a large amount of body fat is broken down, blood sugar is released, and a large amount of ketone bodies are produced at the same time, leading to the risk of ketoacidosis.

这个时候，有的糖尿病患者会出现——身体明显消瘦，吃饭多，喝水多，小便多——糖尿病“三多一少”的典型症状。

At this time, some diabetic patients will appear symptoms -- their bodies are obviously thin, they eat more, drink more water, urinate more --  Three More and One Less typical symptoms of diabetes.

16、血糖值≥33.3mmol/L   

        Blood glucose ≥33.3mmol/L

这是个非常危险的血糖值范围，因为体内细胞已经处于高渗状态，身体细胞处于这个状态时，会出现脱水和神经系统异常，有高渗性昏迷的危险。

This is a very dangerous range of blood sugar levels because the body's cells are already hypertonic, and when the body's cells are in this state, dehydration and neurological abnormalities can occur, putting them at risk for hypertonic coma.

很多血糖仪在这个血糖值范围就无法显示数字，只会在屏幕上显示一个“HIGH”。

Many blood glucose meters cann't display a number in this range, only displaying a HIGH on the screen.

一旦发现血糖仪显示这个英文单词，首先检查血糖仪是否出现故障，如果仪器正常的同时感觉身体不适，应该尽快到医院就诊。

Once it is found that the blood glucose meter shows this English word,we should first check whether the blood glucose meter is faulty. If the instrument is normal and you feel unwell, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible.