床是纸板的，奖牌是回收金属？

The Olympic medals use precious metal extracted from used electronics.

这次奥运会的奖牌是用从废旧电器中回收的贵金属制作的。

Athletes sleep on cardboard beds.

运动员们则睡在纸板做的床上。

The podiums are recycled plastic.

领奖台是回收塑料做的。

Even the Olympic torch has aluminum that was recycled from the temporary housing used after Japan's Fukushima disaster.

就连奥运火炬的铝材也是从日本福岛灾难后使用的临时房屋中回收的。

While much of the world, especially the Japanese public, worries that the Tokyo Olympics could become a coronavirus superspreader event, the organizers have not only pledged the games will be safe from the pandemic, even barring spectators at venues in the capital and several other cities.

尽管世界上很多地方，尤其是日本公众，担心东京奥运会可能成为新冠病毒的超级传播者，但组织者不仅承诺奥运会将不会受到这种大流行的影响，甚至可以允许人们在东京和其他几个城市的场馆现场观看。

They are also eager to promote these Olympics as the most eco-friendly games ever.

主办方也很热切地宣传这届奥运将成为史上最环保的一届。

Environmental groups applaud some of the efforts taken to lighten the impact such a huge international event has on the planet.

环保组织为减轻这样一个巨大的国际事件对地球的影响所采取的一些努力表示赞赏。

But some analysts say the new symbolism of sustainability exaggerates the reality.

但一些分析人士表示，可持续发展的新象征有点夸大其实。

Others just call it a "greenwash."

其他人则称之为“洗绿”。

"Unfortunately, the data show that sustainability in all dimensions is decreasing over time from 1992 to 2020," concludes Sven Daniel Wolfe, lecturer and researcher at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland.

“不幸的是，数据显示，从1992年到2020年，所有方面的可持续性指标都在随着时间的推移而下降，”瑞士洛桑大学讲师和研究员斯文·丹尼尔·沃尔夫总结道。

He co-authored a recent study on Olympic sustainability, as measured by economic efficiency, ecological impact and social justice.

他最近与人合著了一项关于奥运会可持续性的研究，以经济效率、生态影响和社会公正为衡量标准。

Wolfe notes that the decline is happening "in spite of the fact that environmentalism and sustainability is one of the pillars of the Olympic movement."

沃尔夫指出，“尽管环境保护主义和可持续性是奥林匹克运动的支柱之一”，但这方面指标正在下降。

He argues that sustainability increasingly tends to take a back seat to corporate profits and ambitions to put on bigger, more impressive spectacles.

他认为，可持续发展越来越倾向于让位于企业利润和雄心，从而呈现出更大、更令人印象深刻的景象。

But Wolfe and some environmental groups do give Olympic organizers credit for trying.

但沃尔夫和一些环保组织确实赞扬了奥运会组织者的努力。

Masako Konishi, the climate and energy project leader at World Wildlife Fund Japan who is also a member of the Tokyo Olympics sustainability committee, acknowledges some parts of the games' sustainability plan are better than others.

世界野生动物基金会的气候和能源项目负责人、东京奥运会可持续发展委员会成员小西雅子承认，奥运会可持续发展计划的某些部分会优于其他部分。

"I would say the Tokyo Olympics has the best ever Olympic sustainability code for climate change," she argues.

她说:“我想说，东京奥运会在气候变化方面拥有有史以来最好的奥林匹克可持续发展准则。”

She points out that "the extra electricity that is required for the Tokyo Olympics will be 100% renewable energy. And that could be a very good role model for the other future Olympics."

她指出，“东京奥运会所需的额外电力将100%是可再生能源。”这将为未来的奥运会树立一个很好的榜样。”

The games will, or course, still produce harmful gas emissions that cause climate change.

当然，奥运会仍将产生有害气体排放，导致气候变化。

Flying in thousands of athletes from around the world itself leaves a hefty carbon footprint.

成千上万来自世界各地的运动员乘坐飞机本身就会留下巨大的碳足迹。

But Konishi says the organizers have already obtained more than enough carbon credits, sold by companies that are saving energy or storing carbon.

但是小西雅子说，组织者已经获得了足够多的碳信用额，这些信用额由节约能源或储存碳的公司出售。

She says, "150% of the credits [have] been collected," making it the "first ever carbon-negative Olympics."

她说，“这次奥运会得到了150%的分数”，使它成为“有史以来第一届碳负的奥运会”。

Wolfe points out carbon offsetting is criticized by those who argue that "carbon is still being pumped into the atmosphere, and tree-planting somewhere else on the globe isn't necessarily going to eliminate the emissions that were already pumped out."

沃尔夫指出，碳抵消受到一些人的批评，他们认为“碳仍然被排放到大气中，而在地球上其他地方植树并不一定会消除已经排放出来的碳排放。”

Konishi isn't as upbeat about sourcing seafood — or, how to serve athletes sushi without overfishing the seas.

不过在采购海鲜方面小西并不看好，也不看好如何在不过度捕捞的情况下为运动员提供寿司。

She says Japanese suppliers have lobbied Olympic organizers to water down their sourcing standards.

她说，日本供应商已经游说奥运会组织者降低他们的采购标准。

As a result, she says, suppliers only need to submit a plan for sustainability, without actually having to achieve it.

因此，她说，供应商只需要提交可持续发展计划，而不需要实际去实现它。

"Basically, they are saying that if the standard is too strict, there will be not much Japanese marine products" available for the games, she says as an example.

她举例说，“基本上，他们的意思是，如果标准太严格，就不会有太多的日本海产品”可供奥运会食用了。

Officials pledged to use sustainable materials — including recyclable cardboard beds — at the Athletes Village.

官员们承诺在奥运村使用可持续材料，包括可回收的纸板床。

Still, environmentalists have advocated against the use of other materials.

尽管如此，环保主义者还是反对使用其他材料。

Sourcing timber is a particularly thorny problem.

采购木材是一个特别棘手的问题。

The Rainforest Action Network, or RAN, said it traced tropical plywood from the construction of an Olympic stadium in Tokyo to forests of Indonesia, where deforestation has been a problem.

雨林行动网络表示，他们追踪到了木材的制作过程，包括从东京奥运场馆建设过程到森林砍伐问题严重的印尼森林的热带胶合板制作过程。

"We actually found that the majority of the Indonesian plywood that the Olympic organizers sourced was coming from rainforests that are being converted into palm oil plantations," explains RAN campaigner Hana Heineken.

雨林行动网络的活动人士汉娜·海内肯解释说:“我们发现，奥运会组织者采购的印尼胶合板大部分来自热带雨林，这些雨林正在被改造成棕榈油种植园。

Such conversion destroys some of the oldest forests on Earth, which are home to endangered orangutans.

这种转变破坏了地球上一些最古老的森林，这些森林是濒危猩猩的家园。

Heineken says the action network complained to Olympic organizers, who rejected the complaint.

海内肯说，该行动网络向奥运会组织者提出了申诉，后者则拒绝了申诉。

She says she thinks about the stadiums that contain the plywood that will be partly or completely empty of spectators due to the pandemic.

她说，她想到的是使用胶合板的体育场，而这次由于疫情的影响，将部分或完全没有观众。

"What was all this for," she asks.

“这一切是为了什么呢，”她说。

"Was it worth it to destroy the rainforests in Indonesia? Our view is: this was a real waste."

“值得为此而破坏印尼的热带雨林吗？我们的看法是：这真是一种浪费。”

Whatever standards the games set for sustainability, researcher Sven Daniel Wolfe adds, they're likely to be overshadowed by the bigger crisis.

研究人员斯文·丹尼尔·沃尔夫补充说，无论奥运会为可持续发展设定了什么标准，更大的危机都可能给它们蒙上阴影。

"In the final analysis," he says, "I think Tokyo will be remembered more as the pandemic games, rather than any claims to sustainability."

“归根结底，”他说，“我认为，人们记住东京更多的是它可能带来的新冠疫情，而不是它对可持续发展的任何主张。”

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