exterminate /ɪkˈstɜːmɪneɪt/
基本释义
exterminate: To exterminate a group of people or animals means to kill all of them.
More than a score of Australian mammals have been exterminated by feral cats. These predators, which arrived with European settlers, still threaten native wildlife—and are too abundant on the mainland to eliminate, as has been achieved on some small islands which were previously infested with them.超过20种澳大利亚哺乳动物被野猫消灭了。这些掠食者是和欧洲殖民者一起来到这里的,它们仍然威胁着当地的野生动物,而且在大陆上数量太多,无法根除,就像曾受到它们的侵扰的一些小岛的情况一样。
——《经济学人》
单词 exterminate 里面的 termin 部分,来自拉丁语 terminus, 意思是“界限,结束”。所以,在英语里包 termin 的单词,多与此相关:
terminal /ˈtɜːmɪnl/
n. 航空站,终点站
terminate /ˈtɜːmɪneɪt/
v. 终结,结束
terminator /ˈtɜːmɪneɪtər/
n. 终结者
determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/
v. 限定,决定
前缀 ex 表示“出,向外”,后缀 ate 表示动词,所以 ex(向外)+termin(界限,结束)+ate(动词)=把某物移出某一范围,移除→消灭,根除。
To eradicate something means to get rid of it completely.To eliminate something, especially something you do not want or need, means to remove it completely.单词小站
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