初中英语主要时态系列:一般将来时(讲解、练习)
现在进行时定义现在进行时是英语的一种时态,表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态。在英语时态中,“时“指动作发生的时间,”态“指动作的样子和状态。现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。标志词now, at the moment(此刻),listen! Look!,以及一些暗示句子中的动作正在发生的词或句子。1.当句中出现的表示时间的词是now,at the moment,;(此刻、现在)等时,表示句子要说明的是现在正在发生的事,动词应用现在进行时。举例:We're far from home. What are our parents doing at the moment?现在,我们远离家了,我们的父母此刻在干什么呢?2.当句中出现的时间状语是these days,this week,this month,this term 等时,如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事,则动词应用现在进行时。举例:They're having a test this week.这一周,他们在进行一次考试。3.在句中出现了Look,Listen,Can't you see? 等暗示词时,说明后面谓语动词的动作正在发生,该动词应用现在进行时。举例:Look! Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.看!玛丽亚和汤姆正在树下跳舞。这几种动词不用现在进行时1.表示心理情感的动词:want;mind;wish;recognize;think;know;understand;hate;depend on2.表示存在位置的动词:remain;stand3.表示知觉的动词:see;hear;notice;smell4.表示所属的动词:have;possess;own;consist of5.暂时性的动词:accept;allow;decide;promise构成肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词...They’re having a meeting now.他们现在正在开会。否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 现在分词...They aren't having a meeting now.他们现在没有在开会。疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 现在分词...?Are they having a meeting now?他们现在正在开会吗?疑问代词/疑问副词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 现在分词...?What are they doing now?他们现在正在做什么?现在进行时的肯定句句型:主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词...构成方式:主语be动词现在分词第一人称IamV+ing第三人称单数she、he、itis第二人称单数youare所有人称复数you、we、theyThey are cleaning the house.他们在打扫屋子。He is brushing his teeth.他正在刷牙。Mother is waiting for me.母亲在等我。现在进行时的否定句句型:主语 + am/is/are + not + 现在分词...现在进行时的否定句是在助动词am/is/are后加not:I'm not doing anything right now.我现在没做什么事情。She is not dancing,but doing exercise.她不是在跳舞,而是在锻炼。现在进行时的疑问句一般疑问句句型:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 现在分词...?回答方式:Yes,主语 + am/is/are.No,主语 + am/is/are + not.现在进行时的疑问句是将助动词am/is/are置于主语之前(大写am/is/are的第一个字母),在句尾加问号;这种语序是倒装语序:Are you leaving already?你这么早就要走了吗?Is it raining now?—Yes,it is./No,it isn't.现在下雨吗?—是的,在下雨。/不,不下了。Are they helping the old lady?—Yes,they are./No,they aren't.他们在帮助这位老妇人吗?—是的。/不,没帮助她。特殊疑问句句型:疑问代词/疑问副词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 现在分词...?现在进行时的特殊疑问句是将疑问代词/疑问副词等置于助动词am/is/are之前(am/is/are的第一个字母无需大写),和一般疑问句差不多;这种语序是倒装语序。就主语提问时,将疑问代词或带有疑问限定词的名词词组置于助动词am/is/are之前,在句尾加问号;这种语序是陈述句语序:Who are you waiting for?—I'm not waiting for anybody.你在等谁?—我没在等谁。What are you doing?—I'm just tying up my shoelaces.你在干什么?—我在系鞋带。What are you looking for?—I'm looking for my keys.你在寻找什么?—我在找钥匙。What time are you coming back?—I'm not sure what time I'm coming back.你打算什么时候回来?—我不能肯定我将在什么时候回来。What's your brother planning to do tomorrow?—He can't decide what to do.你兄弟明天打算做什么?—他还没定要做什么。Where are you going?—I'm going home.你到哪去?—我回家去。How are you feeling today?—I don't feel very well this morning.你今天感觉怎样?—今天早上我感觉不太舒服。由于使用了be动词,因此进行时的否定句和疑问句的构成方式与be动词的否定句和疑问句的构成方式相同。基本用法1.表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now连用,有时和动词如look,listen等连用,表示“现在”这一概念:Listen! Birds are singing.听!鸟在歌唱。Look! he train is just getting into the station.看!火车进站啦。He is reading now.他在看书。The river is flowing fast after last night's rain.昨夜下雨后,河水流速很快。The house is being painted.房子正在上油漆。2.表示现阶段正在进行着的动作现阶段正在进行着的动作,不一定指说话时正在进行着的动作。常和at present(目前),this week(本周),these days(这几天)等时间状语连用:We're looking for a house to rent for the summer.我们在找一栋房子想租一个夏天。Are you trying to find a furnished house?你是想找一栋有家具的房子吗?What courses are you studying this term?你这学期学哪几门课?Don't take that ladder away. Your father's using it.别把梯子拿走,你父亲在用。(即不一定现在用)3.表示当前的动向People are getting less tolerant of smoking these days.如今人们对吸烟较为难以容忍了。Houses are costing more these days.如今房价越来越贵了。She is resembling her mother more and more as the years go by.随着年龄的增长,她越来越像她母亲了。4.表示事先计划好的动作(指将来)表示一个在最近按计划将进行的动作或为将来安排好的活动,通常需要一个表示时间的状语:We are spending next summer in England.我们将要在英国度过明年夏天。I'm getting married tomorrow.我明天就要结婚了。用arrive(到达),come(到来),go(走、离去),leave(离开)等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,有“将到达”和“将离去”的意思:He's arriving tomorrow morning on the 7:30 train.明天早上他将乘7时30分的火车到达。Christmas is coming soon.圣诞节很快就到了。I'm leaving England and going to live in Spain.我将离开英国去西班牙定居。5.重复的动作副词always(表示屡次),repeatedly(再三地),forever(老是、不断地)等可与进行时连用,表示不断重复的动作:She's always helping people.她经常帮助别人。He's always causing trouble.他总是在制造麻烦。The little boy is forever asking questions.这小男孩老是没完没了地问问题。一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时表示经常性的动作;现在进行时表示暂时性的动作。Do you ever eat meat?—No,I never eat meat.你平常吃肉吗?—不,我从不吃肉。(习惯、经常性的动作)I'm eating meat now.我正在吃肉。(暂时性的动作)My brother always forgets to wash behind his ears.我弟弟老是忘记洗耳后根的地方。现在进行时有时可代替一般现在时,表达说话人的某种感情色彩,与always,forever连用:Our burglar alarm is forever going off for no reason.我们的防盗报警器不知怎么常常失灵。(含有抱怨的意思)You are always forgetting the important thing.你总是把重要的事情忘掉。(表达不满情绪)How are you feeling today?你今天感觉怎样?(比How do you feel today? 显得更亲切些。)现在分词的构成1.直接加 – inglook---looking play----playing2.如果动词末尾有不发音的e , 则去e 加 –ing .make----making write----writinghave---having take----taking3.以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾字母,再加 –ing.run----running put----puttingget ----getting swim-----swimming4.以ie结尾,把ie变y加ing。lie-lying die-dying tie-tying口诀进行时很好记,be加动词-ing;直加双写去哑e,分词构成须仔细;别说 be 词无词义,主语和它最亲密;变疑问 be 提前,否定 not 再后添;何时要用进行时 look,listen,now标志.PPT讲解
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