情态动词can的考点用法

情态动词can在英语中的使用频率较高,主要用法和考点有:

一、表能力(ability)

此时,can表示“会,能够”。否定句直接在can后面加not,疑问句则将can提到句首。如:

  • 肯定句:She can drive a car. (她会开车。)

  • 否定句:She cannot/can't drive a car.

  • 一般疑问句及其回答:Can she drive a car? Yes, she can. / No, she can't.

  • 划线部分提问:What can she drive? (假如划线部分为a car的话)

【注意】can与be able to

1、be able to只能表示“会,能够”,但can还有其他意思,请参考接下去can的其他几种用法。

2、can只有现在时和过去时两种形式,而be able to则有多种时态形式。如:

  • Will you be able to come tomorrow? (你明天能来吗?)

  • This factory has been able to produce newly-devised sewing machines. (这家工厂已能生产新设计的缝纫机了。)

3、在be able to之前可加用另外一个助动词,且多用于否定或疑问结构,而can则无此用法。如:

  • He may be able to come tomorrow morning. (他明早可能能来。)

4、用于否定结构, be able to表达一时情况,而can则表达往常情况。如:

  • He is not able to swim today. (他今天不能游泳。)

  • He can't swim at all. (他根本不会游泳。)

5、be able to后可接系表结构,表示一种状态或性质,而can没有这种用法。如:

  • He was able to be cold about her now. (他现在对她可能有些冷淡。)

6、be able to有非谓语动词形式(即接在动词不定式或是以动名词或分词的形式出现),而can则没有。如:

  • I hope to be able to do the work. (我希望能做这项工作。)

  • Being able to sing well, he decided to take part in the singing contest. (因为擅长唱歌,他决定参加歌唱比赛。)

  • He left the classroom sadly, without being able to answer six of the questions of the test. (他难过地离开了教室,有六道题没答出。)

二、表许可(permission)

此时,can表示“可以”。如:

  • Can you lend me a pen? (能借我一支笔吗?)

  • He can leave now. (他现在可以离开了。)

【注意】can与may

注意对比:

  • Can I help you?

  • May I help you?

may的语气更加委婉。

三、表猜测(guess)

can如果要表猜测一定要用否定形式can't,表示可能性比较大的猜测。如:

  • 对过去时间:He can't have gone to Paris. I saw him on the street just now. (他不可能已经去巴黎了。我刚才在街上看到他了。)

  • 对现在时间:He can't be reading in the library now. (他现在不可能在图书馆看书。)

【注意】can't与must

can't表示否定猜测,must表示肯定猜测。如:

  • 对过去时间:He must have been to New York many times, because he knows it very well. (他一定去过纽约很多次了,因为他对纽约了如指掌。)

  • 对现在时间:He must be cleaning the classroom now. (他现在肯定在打扫教室。)

四、趣味用法

can有时也会用作实义动词,表示“装罐”;此时,can也可以作为名词,表示“罐头”。如:

  • He can can the can he can can.

这句话乍一看,让人晕头转向,但真要看懂,关键在于要明白can可以用作实义动词和名词。

句中的第1个和第4个can是情态动词,表示“可以,能够”。第2个和和第5个can是实义动词,表示“装罐”。第3个can是名词,表示“罐头”。而句中the can后面的he can can实际上是the can的定语从句,省略了that或which。

所以,原句的意思是:

  • 他能装他会装的罐头。

意思还是有点绕的,呵呵!

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