骨科英文书籍精读（225）｜髋关节后脱位晚期并发症（2）

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Myositis ossificans

This is an uncommon complication, probably related to the severity of the injury. During recovery, movements should never be forced and in severe injuries the period of rest and non-weightbearing may need to be prolonged. Small areas of ossification seen on x-ray usually bear no clinical significance.

Unreduced dislocation 

After a few weeks an untreated dislocation can seldom be reduced by closed manipulation and open reduction is needed. The incidence of stiffness or avascular necrosis is considerably increased and the patient may later need reconstructive surgery.

Osteoarthritis 

Secondary osteoarthritis is not uncommon and is due to (1) cartilage damage at the time of the dislocation, (2) the presence of retained fragments in the joint or (3) ischaemic necrosis of the femoral head. In young patients treatment presents a difficult problem.

---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》

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重点词汇整理：

Myositis ossificans骨化性肌炎

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百度翻译：

骨化性肌炎

这是一种罕见的并发症，可能与损伤的严重程度有关。在恢复过程中，不应强迫运动，在严重受伤的情况下，可能需要延长休息和不负重的时间。x线片上可见的小面积骨化通常无临床意义。

未复位脱位

几周后，未经治疗的脱位很少能通过闭合手法复位，需要开放复位。僵硬或无血管坏死的发生率显著增加，患者可能随后需要进行重建手术。

骨关节炎

继发性骨关节炎不是不常见的，它是由（1）脱位时的软骨损伤，（2）关节内残留碎片或（3）股骨头缺血性坏死引起的头。对年轻病人来说治疗是个难题。

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