中国学者首次在国际期刊发表三腔袋肠外营养前瞻多中心随机对照临床研究

  2017年8月1日,美国肠外肠内营养学会《营养临床实践》正式发表中国医学科学院北京协和医院于健春、复旦大学附属中山医院吴国豪、中国人民解放军总医院唐云、北京大学人民医院叶颖江、首都医科大学北京友谊医院张忠涛的研究报告,对三腔袋与单腔袋(三升袋)用于标准化肠外营养的有效性、安全性、方便性进行了比较。

  该前瞻多中心随机对照单盲临床研究于2010年10月~2011年10月在中国的5个医院进行,共入组240例术后至少需要6天肠外营养、18~85岁、体重50~70kg、营养风险筛查(NRS)评分≥3分、无肠外营养或输液疗法禁忌证、7天内未行肠外营养、30天内未行放化疗的择期开腹手术患者,随机分组使用三腔袋(研究组:121例;配方为中长链脂肪乳、氨基酸、葡萄糖、电解质)或单腔袋(对照组:119例;配方为长链脂肪乳、氨基酸、葡萄糖、电解质)进行术后7天肠外营养,记录前白蛋白(该研究主要营养指标)和C反应蛋白(炎症指标)的血浆浓度、配液所需时间、术后住院时间、30天死亡率、安全性实验室指标(血常规、尿常规、肝功能、肾功能、血脂、血糖、电解质、凝血功能)、不良事件。该研究在美国国家卫生研究院(NIH)临床研究网站(clinicaltrials.gov)的注册编号:NCT01247740。

三腔袋与单腔袋的肠外营养配方比较

  结果发现,营养支持第7天与第1天相比:

  • 研究组前白蛋白浓度平均提高2.65mg/dL(P<0.001)

  • 对照组前白蛋白浓度平均提高0.27mg/dL(P=0.606)

  • 研究组C反应蛋白浓度平均降低15.08mg/L

  • 对照组C反应蛋白浓度平均降低 8.85mg/L

术后1~7天,前白蛋白水平变化

  研究组与对照组相比,配液所需时间显著较少(4.90±4.41比12.13±5.62分钟,P<0.001)。

  术后住院时间、30天死亡率,安全性实验室指标、术后不良事件(37比38例)均无显著差异。

  综上所述,三腔袋与单腔袋(三升袋)相比,提供肠外营养的有效性和安全性相似,配液所需时间显著较少,表明使用三腔袋可简化肠外营养配制过程。

  编者微评:以三腔(three-chamber或3-chamber)和中国(China或Chinese)和营养(nutrition)进行PubMed文献检索,本文应该是中国学者首次在国际期刊发表的三腔袋肠外营养前瞻多中心随机对照临床研究(另一篇为中国学者参与的三腔袋肠外营养回顾分析)。三腔袋的方便性和快捷性(配液所需时间)显而易见,毋庸置疑。但是,与既往三腔袋研究相比,本研究带来两个意外结果:主要营养指标有显著差异,安全性指标和不良事件无显著差异(尤其血流感染,这可能与自行配液操作规范无菌有关)。该研究主要营养指标为前白蛋白,其由肝细胞合成,半衰期仅约1.9天,与白蛋白(半衰期12.7~18.2天,平均14.8天)相比,对于了解蛋白质营养不良和肝功能不全的敏感性更高。此外,正如作者所言,本研究组所用三腔袋中的脂肪为中长链脂肪(1∶1),而对照组所用单腔袋中的脂肪全部为长链脂肪,众所周知中长链脂肪对肝功能的影响小于长链脂肪,故本研究结果除了反映三腔袋与单腔袋的有效性区别,也不排除肠外营养配方的影响因素。毕竟,三腔袋不仅是一种容器,还包括里面的肠外营养配方,而目前大多数三腔袋均采用长链脂肪。有必要开展进一步前瞻多中心随机对照研究,对相同配方的三腔袋与单腔袋、不同配方的三腔袋之间进行比较。

Nutr Clin Pract. 2017 Aug;32(4):545-551.

Efficacy, Safety, and Preparation of Standardized Parenteral Nutrition Regimens: Three-Chamber Bags vs Compounded Monobags-A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Single-Blind Clinical Trial.

Yu J, Wu G, Tang Y, Ye Y, Zhang Z.

Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing, China; Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The PLA General Hospital of China, Beijing, China; Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

BACKGROUND: Parenteral nutrition (PN) covering the need for carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids can either be compounded from single nutrients or purchased as an industrially manufactured ready-to-use regimen. This study compares a commercially available 3-chamber bag (study group) with a conventionally compounded monobag regarding nutrition efficacy, safety, and regimen preparation time.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized, single-blind study was conducted at 5 Chinese hospitals from October 2010-October 2011. Postsurgical patients requiring PN for at least 6 days were randomly assigned to receive the study or control regimen. Plasma concentrations of prealbumin and C-reactive protein (CRP), regimen preparation time, length of hospital stay (LOS), 30-day mortality, safety laboratory parameters, and adverse events (AEs) were recorded.

RESULTS: In total, 240 patients (121 vs 119 in study and control groups) participated in this study. Changes in prealbumin concentrations during nutrition support (ΔPrealb(StudyGroup) = 2.65 mg/dL, P < .001 vs ΔPrealb(ControlGroup) = 0.27 mg/dL, P = .606) and CRP values were comparable. Regimen preparation time was significantly reduced in the study group by the use of 3-chamber bags (t(StudyGroup) = 4.90 ± 4.41 minutes vs t(ControlGroup) = 12.13 ± 5.62 minutes, P < .001). No differences were detected for LOS, 30-day mortality, safety laboratory parameters, and postoperative AEs (37 vs 38 in study and control groups).

CONCLUSION: The PN regimen provided by the 3-chamber bag was comparable to the compounded regimen and safe in use. Time savings during regimen preparation indicates that use of 3-chamber bags simplifies the process of regimen preparation.

KEYWORDS: 3-chamber bags; compounding; efficacy; multichamber bags; nutritional support; parenteral nutrition; parenteral nutrition solutions; patient; treatment outcome

PMID: 28537849

DOI: 10.1177/0884533617701883

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