Weight training prompts changes in the nervous system before making muscles.在肌肉形成之前，重量训练会促进神经系统的改变。
WHEN WE START to lift weights, our muscles do not strengthen and change at first, but our nervous systems do, according to a fascinating new study in animals of the cellular effects of resistance training. The study, which involved monkeys performing the equivalent of multiple one-armed pull-ups, suggests that strength training is more physiologically intricate than most of us might have imagined and that our conception of what constitutes strength might be too narrow.
resistance training: 抗阻训练
intricate: 复杂的、错综的
根据一项关于抗阻训练的细胞效应的有趣的动物研究，当我们开始举重时，我们的肌肉并不会在一开始就加强和改变，但我们的神经系统会。这项研究让猴子进行相当于多组单臂引体向上的动作，研究表明力量训练在生理上比我们大多数人想象的要复杂得多，我们对力量构成的概念可能过于狭隘。Those of us who join a gym — or, because of the current pandemic restrictions and concerns, take up body-weight training at home — may feel some initial disappointment when our muscles do not rapidly bulge with added bulk. In fact, certain people, including some women and most preadolescent children, add little obvious muscle mass, no matter how long they lift.
bulge: 膨胀、凸出
bulk: 重量
preadolescent: 青春期前的
muscle mass: 肌肉力量
我们中那些去健身房的人，或者由于目前大流行的限制和担忧，在家里进行体重训练的人，一开始可能会感到有些失望，因为我们的肌肉并没有随着训练重量的增加而迅速变大。事实上，一些人，包括一些女性和大多数青春期前的儿童，无论他们举起多长时间，都不会有明显的肌肉量的增加。But almost all those who start weight training soon become able to generate more muscular force, meaning they can push, pull and raise more weight than before, even though their muscles may not look any larger and stronger.但几乎所有开始重量训练的人很快就能产生更多的肌肉力量，这意味着他们可以比以前推、拉和举起更多的重量，尽管他们的肌肉可能看起来没有任何增大和强壮。
