科学家提出人类营养学新框架

　　两位世界级营养学家在其最新研究中声称，用于测量人类饮食对健康影响的现有模型限制了我们解决肥胖及其相关健康问题的的能力。

　　2016年7月17日，美国《营养学年度回顾》正式发表悉尼大学查尔斯·珀金斯中心、生命与环境科学学院的呼吁人类通过新的称为“营养几何”的新框架彻底重新思考人类营养学。

　　新的模型能够从不同的视角和从营养成分对代谢和个人健康的影响方面审视复杂的问题，如肥胖问题。虽然现实比营养模型更加复杂，但“营养几何”框架可以通过帮助找出在我们快速变化的环境中带来健康和环境负面影响的因素，及其之间的相互作用，从而长远简化人类营养学研究。

Annu Rev Nutr. 2016;36:603-26.

Nutritional Ecology and Human Health.

Raubenheimer D, Simpson SJ.

Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.

In contrast to the spectacular advances in the first half of the twentieth century with micronutrient-related diseases, human nutrition science has failed to stem the more recent rise of obesity and associated cardiometabolic disease (OACD). This failure has triggered debate on the problems and limitations of the field and what change is needed to address these. We briefly review the two broad historical phases of human nutrition science and then provide an overview of the main problems that have been implicated in the poor progress of the field with solving OACD. We next introduce the field of nutritional ecology and show how its ecological-evolutionary foundations can enrich human nutrition science by providing the theory to help address its limitations. We end by introducing a modeling approach from nutritional ecology, termed nutritional geometry, and demonstrate how it can help to implement ecological and evolutionary theory in human nutrition to provide new direction and to better understand and manage OACD.

KEYWORDS: ecology; evolution; human nutrition; nutritional geometry

PMID: 27296501

DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071715-051118