茎突-颈动脉综合征
封面摄影:柳迎春老师
青年卒中的年龄尚无统一标准,目前比较公认的为18~50岁。全球范围内青年缺血性卒中的发病率不断上升。相较于老年人群,青年缺血性卒中的病因更加复杂多样,以及隐源性卒中所占比例较高,诊断更为困难。
Ferro JM. Lancet Neurol. 2010.
青年缺血性卒中的常见原因包括大动脉粥样硬化和动脉夹层,而少见原因如心源性栓塞(包括反常栓塞,如卵圆孔未闭、肺动静脉瘘)、遗传性脑小血管病(如CADASIL)、脑动脉夹层、烟雾病、血管炎、肌纤维发育不良(包括颈动脉蹼)、高凝状态等。
Ferro JM. Lancet Neurol. 2010.
这位年仅43岁却有七年卒中病史的患者,在把能想到的病因都逐一筛查后,仍一无所获。在这七年里,他反复忍受着病魔的折磨,终日在绝望中度过。
我们深知,卒中的诊治首要是明确病因和发病机制,准确把握其病因、危险因素和发病机制对于预防及治疗意义重大。那患者卒中的病因究竟何来?
或许是时间的安排,七年后真相终于被打开。原以为这罕见的病例只在无声的文献中存在,不曾想她并非远在千里之外,而是在咫尺等你我去拆。这样的病因,再次相遇不知是多远的未来,你可曾愿意用一生,去等待?
第1次卒中(2013)
第2次卒中(2017)
第3次卒中(2018)
第4次卒中(2020)
把结局打开
Eagle综合征
临床表现
神经压迫症状
2
动脉压迫症状
动脉夹层
Case 1
Razak A. J Neuroimaging. 2014.
Case 2
Smoot TW. Interv Neuroradiol. 2017.
Case 3
Hebant B. J Neurol Sci. 2017.
Case 4
Hooker JD. J Radiol Case Rep. 2016.
Case 5
Faivre A. JNNP. 2009.
压迫动脉
Case 6
David J.J Vasc Surg. 2014.
Case 7
Nakagawa D. Neurosurgery. 2011.
Case 8
Farhat HI. J Neurosurg. 2009.
Case 9
Kavi T. Neurology. 2016.
Case 10
董佳. 中国脑血管病杂志. 2019
后记
参考文献:
[1] 苏菁菁, 徐运, 李敬伟. 青年缺血性卒中的病因和发病机制. 国际脑血管病杂志. 2020. 28(4): 286-292.
[2] Hebant B, Guegan-Massardier E, Macaigne V, Triquenot-Bagan A. Ischemic stroke due to internal carotid artery dissection associated with an elongated styloid process (Eagle syndrome). J Neurol Sci. 2017. 372: 466-467.
[3] Badhey A, Jategaonkar A, Anglin Kovacs AJ, et al. Eagle syndrome: A comprehensive review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2017. 159: 34-38.
[4] Smoot TW, Taha A, Tarlov N, Riebe B. Eagle syndrome: A case report of stylocarotid syndrome with internal carotid artery dissection. Interv Neuroradiol. 2017. 23(4): 433-436.
[5] Raser JM, Mullen MT, Kasner SE, Cucchiara BL, Messé SR. Cervical carotid artery dissection is associated with styloid process length. Neurology. 2011. 77(23): 2061-6.
[6] Hooker JD, Joyner DA, Farley EP, Khan M. Carotid Stent Fracture from Stylocarotid Syndrome. J Radiol Case Rep. 2016. 10(6): 1-8.
[7] David J, Lieb M, Rahimi SA. Stylocarotid artery syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2014. 60(6): 1661-3.
[8] Faivre A, Abdelfettah Z, Rodriguez S, Nicoli F. Neurological picture. Bilateral internal carotid artery dissection due to elongated styloid processes and shaking dancing. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009. 80(10): 1154-5.
[9] Razak A, Short JL, Hussain SI. Carotid artery dissection due to elongated styloid process: a self-stabbing phenomenon. J Neuroimaging. 2014. 24(3): 298-301.
[10] Nakagawa D, Ota T, Iijima A, Saito N. Diagnosis of Eagle syndrome with 3-dimensional angiography and near-infrared spectroscopy: case report. Neurosurgery. 2011. 68(3): E847-9.
[11] Farhat HI, Elhammady MS, Ziayee H, Aziz-Sultan MA, Heros RC. Eagle syndrome as a cause of transient ischemic attacks. J Neurosurg. 2009. 110(1): 90-3.
[12] Kavi T, Lahiri S. Teaching NeuroImages: Eagle syndrome: Cerebrovascular complications. Neurology. 2016. 87(2): e17.
[13] 董佳, 宋庆斌, 王玉林等. 复合手术治疗颈动脉茎突综合征一例并文献复习. 中国脑血管病杂志. 2019. 16(3): 150-152.
[14] Ferro JM, Massaro AR, Mas JL. Aetiological diagnosis of ischaemic stroke in young adults. Lancet Neurol. 2010. 9(11): 1085-96.