2021 ASIPP慢性脊柱疼痛硬膜外介入治疗指南

慢性脊柱疼痛是临床上最为常见的慢性疼痛疾病,疼痛科医师掌握多种针对该类疼痛的介入治疗技术,其中硬膜外介入治疗是重要的一种。
2021年ASIPP发布了慢性脊柱疼痛硬膜外介入治疗指南,200多页详细综述了慢性脊柱疼痛的结构基础,硬膜外介入治疗的病理生理原理,技术要点,诊断、花费、不良反应并发症等等。值得仔细阅读

本文我们就直击重点,学习Part 12,治疗性硬膜外介入技术的指南


一、适应症

1、Lumbar Epidural Interventions 腰椎硬膜外介入

  • 骶管硬膜外注射(caudal epidural injections,CEI)

  • 腰椎椎板间硬膜外注射(lumbar  interlaminar epidural injections,LILEI)

  • 腰椎经椎间孔硬膜外注射(lumbar transforaminal epidural injections,LTFEI)

伴慢性腰背痛或下肢痛的腰椎术后综合征,椎管狭窄,顽固的腰椎间盘突出症,在对透视下硬膜外注射效果不佳时,可以考虑经皮粘连松解术percutaneous adhesiolysis
  • 治疗腰椎术后综合征,证据等级I,推荐等级Strong

  • 治疗腰椎管狭窄/腰椎间盘突出症,证据等级II,推荐等级Moderate-Strong

在下一步的根性疼痛治疗,可以考虑植入型方案,如SCS和药物输注通道。
对于腰椎术后疼痛综合征,选择椎板间入路需要避开瘢痕,如无法避开,经椎间孔入路及骶管入路更佳优选。

2、Cervical Epidural Interventions 颈椎硬膜外介入

颈椎椎板间硬膜外注射Cervical interlaminar epidural injections,CILEI
  • 颈椎间盘突出症:证据等级I,推荐等级Strong

  • 颈椎间盘源性疼痛和椎管狭窄:证据等级II,推荐等级Moderate-Strong

  • 颈椎术后综合征:证据等级I-II,推荐等级Moderate-Strong

3、Thoracic Epidural Interventions 胸椎硬膜外介入

胸椎椎间盘突出相对少见,但仍有人出现胸神经根炎,外科手术后综合征,椎管狭窄。

胸椎椎板间硬膜外注射:证据等级II,推荐等级Moderate-Strong

二、治疗频率

诊断阶段:每次硬膜外介入操作的间隔不短于2周,最好4-6周

治疗阶段:

  • 相同部位间隔2月半或3月以上。假使每次治疗可以在2月半到3个月获得>50%的疼痛缓解,一年内每个部位不超过4次

  • 不同部位神经阻滞,间隔一周,最好2周。同时相同部位仍需间隔2月以上。建议安全前提下,所有部位一次全部完成。

  • 治疗阶段,硬膜外注射治疗需严格适应症,建议每年不超过4次。

  • (颈胸椎视为一个部位,腰骶视为一个部位)

这部分的使用频率与国内临床的频率相比,略有保守,在此不做评论,贴上原文共对比。

  • Guidelines of frequency of interventions apply to epidural injections caudal, interlaminar, and transforaminal.

  • In the diagnostic phase, a patient may receive 2procedures at intervals of no sooner than 2 weeks, preferably 4-6 weeks based on the type and dosage of steroid used.· In the therapeutic phase (after the diagnostic phase is completed), the suggested frequency of interventional techniques should be 2½ to 3 months or longer between each injection, provided that > 50% relief is obtained for 2½ to 3 months, not exceeding 4 per year, per region.

  • If neural blockade is applied for different regions, they may be performed at intervals of no sooner than one week and preferably 2 weeks for most types of procedures. The therapeutic frequency may remain at intervals of at least 2 months for each region. It is further suggested that all regions be treated at the same time, provided all procedures can be performed safely.

  • In the treatment or therapeutic phase, the epiduralinjections should be repeated only as necessary according to medical necessity criteria, and it is suggested that these be limited to a maximum of 4 times per year.

  • Cervical and thoracic regions are considered as oneregion and lumbar and sacral are considered as one region.

附指南中关于慢性腰、颈、胸部疼痛的治疗策略。

慢性腰背痛的治疗策略

慢性颈痛的治疗策略
慢性胸痛的治疗策略

南京鼓楼医院疼痛科

陆丽娟主任医师:

    专家门诊周一全天、周四上午;著名专家会诊中心 周四下午

韩影副主任医师:

    专家门诊:周一下午、周二上午、周四上午、周五下午

李静主治医师

    周一下午、周三全天、周五上午

诊室:南京鼓楼医院2楼4区

整理:王然(南京鼓楼医院疼痛科)

Manchikanti L, Knezevic NN, Navani A, et al. Epidural Interventions in the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain: American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP) Comprehensive Evidence-Based Guidelines. Pain Physician. 2021 Jan;24(S1):S27-S208. PMID: 33492918.

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