包含镜面反射 SCI和排除镜面反射 SCE 哪个最好？
原文来自PCI BLOG：Specular Included or Specular Excluded: Which is Best?
Surface appearance can change your perception of color. Think of a glossy magazine. If the light is shining directly on the page, you may need to tilt the magazine and change the reflection angle to clearly see the colors. Likewise, a textured surface may appear to be a different color than a smooth surface of the same object.
表面外观可以改变您对颜色的感知。想像一下有一本有光泽的杂志，如果灯光直接照在杂志表面上，您可能需要倾斜表面并更改光的反射角度才能清楚地看到杂志封面的颜色。也就是说，同一个物体，有纹理的表面可能看起来与光滑表面的颜色不同。【颜色越深，颜色差异越大】
Since spectrophotometers determine a color’s spectral values by shining light onto the surface and measuring the reflectance, choosing the right instrument and the proper measurement mode are crucial. These choices will determine what passes and what fails your tolerance, as well as how the results correlate to visual inspection.
分光测色仪通过将光照射到物体表面上，并测量物体表面的反射率来确定颜色的光谱值，因此选择合适的仪器和正确的测量模式至关重要，这些选择将决定哪些颜色符合您的色差管控范围，以及测量结果是否与目视结果相一致。
Sphere spectrophotometers are the preferred choice for paints, coatings, plastics and textile applications because they can include or exclude the specular component of surface appearance. This ability is critical to being able to evaluate the color only OR the color and appearance of the object being measured.
积分球分光测色仪是油漆，涂料，塑料和纺织品应用行业的首选测色仪器，因为它们可以测量包括或排除表面镜面反射分量。这种功能对评估被测物体的颜色和外观至关重要。
How a Sphere Device Works
积分球如何工作
The interior of a sphere device is actually spherical in shape. The light source reflects off the white matte surface of the sphere’s interior, causing the light to scatter randomly in all directions. This process repeats itself thousands of times in a fraction of a second, creating a homogenous, diffuse illumination of the object. The detector then receives the reflected light at an 8-degree angle from the object’s surface to accurately measure the color.
积分球装置的内部实际是球形的。光源从球体内部的白色哑光表面反射，让光线在所有方向上随机散射。这个过程在几分之一秒内重复数千次，从而产生了对物体的均匀漫射照明。然后，探测器从物体表面以8度角的方向接收反射光，以精确测量颜色。
There are two ports in a sphere instrument, the Sample Viewing Port and the Specular Port. The Viewing Port contains the receiver and the light sensitive detectors that quantify the light reflecting from the sample’s surface. The Specular Port can either be open or closed to control the type of measurement.
球形仪器中有两个端口——样品观察端口和镜面反射端口。观察端口包含接收器和光敏探测器，用于量化从样品表面反射出来的光。镜面反射端口可以打开或关闭以控制测量类型（SCE或SCI）。
If the port is open, the device will take a Specular Excluded reading. If the port is closed, the device will take a Specular Included reading.
如果端口打开，设备将采用镜面排除读数（SCE）。如果端口关闭，设备将采用包含镜面反射的读数（SCI）。
Specular Excluded INCLUDES Surface Appearance
排除镜面反射光测量包含表面性质
Measuring Specular Excluded (SPEX) – aka Specular Component Excluded (SCE) – is similar to how your eye perceives color. The surface characteristics become part of the color you see. In other words, a glossy surface will typically measure darker than a matte surface of the same color – just the way you see it.
测量排除镜面反射（SPEX） - 又称排除镜面反射光分量（SCE） - 类似于您的眼睛感知颜色的方式。物体的表面纹理特征也是您看到的颜色的一部分。换句话说，表面非常光泽的物体，通常比相同颜色的哑光表面数据上显得更暗 - 就像你看到的那样。
When the Specular Port is open, instead of reflecting back onto the surface of the sample, light from that portion of the sphere wall is directed into a black trap and lost from the measurement. The glossier the surface, the less percentage of color will return to the instrument's optical receiver. If the surface of the sample is a perfect mirror (100% gloss), the instrument will read the color as perfect black, no matter the “true” color.
当镜面反射端口打开时，从样品反射出来的光不是反射回样品表面，而是离开积分球被引导到黑色阱中并从测量中丢失。表面越光滑，颜色返回仪器光接收器的百分比越少。如果样品表面是完美的镜子（100％光泽度），无论“真实”颜色如何，仪器都会将颜色读成完美的黑色。【光都被反射走了，检测端口接受不到光线】
Specular Included EXCLUDES Surface Appearance
包含镜面反射光排除了表面性质
Measuring Specular Included (SPIN) – aka Specular Component Included (SCI) will capture true color data from the sample, regardless of surface appearance. Similar to the way your eye would see the magazine picture without the gloss reflection, measuring Specular Included negates the effect of surface appearance to measure only color.
测量包含镜面反射（SPIN） - 包括镜面反射光分量（SCI）将从样本中捕获真实的颜色数据，无论样品表面外观如何。类似于您的眼睛看到没有光泽的杂志图片的方式，包含镜面反射否定了表面外观对颜色测量的影响。
If the Specular Port is closed, the black trap is replaced with a white tile or plate, which is included in the process of lighting the sample. If the sample is glossy, this portion of the sphere will send the gloss signal directly into the viewing port.
如果采用包括镜面反射光分量，白色瓷砖或板替代原来的黑色阱。如果样品是光亮的，则积分器也将这一部分的光泽信号直接发送到样品观察口。
Lighting the surface uniformly from all possible directions creates the ideal measurement environment for samples that are either highly polished, like mirrors and metallic packaging, or very textured, such as carpeting and roofing tiles.
这样光从所有可能的方向均匀照射到样品表面，为高光泽的样品（如镜子和金属包装）或有纹理的样品（如地毯和屋顶瓦片）创建了理想的测量环境。
Which is Best for Measuring “True” Color?
那种测量方式能测量“真实”的颜色？
In these samples you see two swatches, one matte and the other glossy. Although the matte sample appears to be lighter, they are both the same color. Which measurement mode – Specular Included or Specular Excluded – should you use for these samples?
在这些样本中，您会看到两个样本，一个是哑光，另一个是光泽。虽然哑光样品看起来更浅，但它们都是相同的颜色。您应该使用哪种测量模式 ，包含镜面反射光，还是排除镜面反射光？
For formulation, the industry-accepted answer is Specular Included. If you configure a sphere instrument to collect all reflected light – specular as well as diffuse – then it makes little or no difference if the sample is mirror like or matte in appearance. The recipe controls the final color, and these swatches will measure as the same color black or gray.
对于颜色开发配方设计来说，业界公认的答案是采用包含镜面反射光。如果您用积分球收集所有反射光 - 镜面反射和漫反射 - 那么无论样品在外观上呈镜面状或无光泽，几乎对测量结果没有影响。颜色配方决定最终颜色，这些样本将被测量为相同的颜色黑色或灰色。
While this makes sense in the lab, the goal is slightly different during quality assurance. If a manufacturer uses this black color to coat a metal cabinet, but chooses a glossy finish for the side panels and matte for the drawers, will the final product be appealing to the buyer? Probably not. But if the QA department measures these parts Specular Included, the two blacks will measure as the same color, and this cabinet will be shipped with side panels and drawers that do not match. In this case, measuring Specular Excluded is preferred because it captures color the way the human eye sees it.
虽然这在实验室中是有意义的，但在质量监管中目标略有不同。如果制造商使用这种黑色涂层金属柜，但选择光亮的侧面板和哑光抽屉，那么最终产品是否会吸引买家呢？可能不会。但如果QA部门测量这些部件是采用包含镜面反射光方式，那么这两个高光和哑光的黑色将测量为相同的颜色，并且这个柜子将与侧板和抽屉一起装运。在这种情况下，测量采用排除镜面反射光是首选，因为它以人眼看到的方式捕获颜色。
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