你有多么热衷失败?(译文)

本文是70天翻译训练的第二篇,英文原文来自我最喜欢的博客之一“四不像”。2009年,“四不像”博客被列为“20个中国市场人员“必读”的商业资讯博客”之一。博主是一名定居香港的美国人,他的文章均系英文写作。

这篇谈失败的文章,文字浅显,论证有力,渗入作者的思考,观点得出水到渠成——我们应该以积极开放的心态去拥抱失败。

希望大家认真阅读。

在附上中英对照文章之前,先来再谈一点自己的学习认识。

我一直认为,不该为了做某事而做某事,论及翻译,也是如此。阅读一篇文章,要想有所收获,就不能抱着“草草了事”的态度,而需要保持思考的心态,要学会从文中吸收最大的养分。

什么是最大养分?也就是通过阅读,学到更多文章之外的东西,扩大知识面。翻译,绝对是一种快速扩大知识面的好方法。你看,外交部那些超厉害的翻译,他们必须是上知天文、下晓地理的人,文史哲政治经济无所不晓。知识结构单一的人,做不了翻译。

怎么办?多积累。如何积累?做翻译。为了翻译好,对于不熟悉的题材,就非得去了解背景知识不可。做个有心人,将这些知识积累下来。

日子久了,就算你是学中文的,也能成为经济学家,成为政治家,成为科学家。

今天做翻译的过程中,文章作者提及了两个人,我都不曾了解。为了做好翻译,就在百度上搜集了一些资料,对他们做了快速了解。这种了解,就是一种背景知识。如果能够再做深入研究,就可以内化成自己的固有知识。

第一位, Sara Blakely,美国女式内衣公司Spanx 的创始人。2012年,41岁的她被《时代周刊》(Time)评为年度全球最有影响力的 100人(Time 100)之一,也成为最年轻的白手起家的女性亿万富翁。2014年,Sara Blakely 入选《福布斯》(Forbes)全球最有影响力的 100名女性榜单,排名第 93位。据《福布斯》估计,Blakely 目前资产净值达 10.1亿美元。

通过浏览她的资料,我发现,富有的Sara Blakely 非常低调,在生活上远不及其他亿万富翁奢侈。年轻时的她,对服饰很感兴趣,但因为其父是一名律师,她最初放弃自己了的爱好,而成了一名律师。可最终,律师事业并无法引起她持久的关注,因而转而决心将自己的所长——服饰设计转化为一种事业,并大获成功,创办了Spanx公司。可见,坚持自己的内心,有多么重要。

第二位,吉姆·柯林斯(Jim Collins),曾获斯坦福大学商学院杰出教学奖,先后任职于麦肯锡公司和惠普公司。在文中,提及了他的《巨人为何衰败》一书,我对此很感兴趣,查找资料,发现在一次围绕这本书的访谈中,柯林斯就“公司为何衰败”有很独到的见解,他认为一家公司的从盛而衰,大致经历了5个阶段。

分享如下:

第一阶段,我们称之为“目空一切”。一旦公司取得成功,就容易在光环下“失聪”。公司领导人逐渐懈怠下来,认为“我们的成功缘于我们采取了某些措施”,却忘记了成功的关键因素在于他们理解为什么要采取这些措施,以及这些措施在哪些情况下将会失效。理智和洞察力被成功的沾沾自喜所取代,为衰败埋下了祸根。

第二阶段,我们称之为“盲目扩张”,这其实是第一阶段的延续。公司忘记了其成功的本源,盲目进军没有把握的其他领域。公司领导人一味追求扩大企业规模、加快企业发展速度,由此博取更多的赞誉,但实际上他们是不自量力。

第三阶段,“漠视危机”。在这一阶段,领导者漠视负面信息,并将挫折归咎于外因,不愿意承担责任。他们冒着巨大的风险行事,全然不顾由此可能造成的后果,于是将公司带入了第四阶段,“药石乱投”。

在第四阶段,公司领导人鲁莽地采用未经检验的战略或盲目推出新产品,希望力挽狂澜。这些措施短期内可能会有一定效果,长远来看却并不能挽救企业于水火。

第五阶段,是“随风而逝”。公司财务系统和企业精神已经完全崩溃,领导者放弃了最后一线希望,巨人就此成为历史。至于公司衰败的过程,可能会持续长达十年,也可能只需一年。

读了这篇访谈后,我决定买来《巨人何以倒下》这本书一读。如果没有做今天的翻译,我估计我是很难了解到这本书的,即使在书店看到,也可能只是一眼扫过,而留不下丝毫印象的。

好了,来看今天的中英互译。文中关于萨拉.布莱克里父亲对孩子的教育故事,值得大家思考。

Hope  you will enjoy your reading!

温佛佳的翻译译文

How Enthusiastic Are You About Failing?

你有多么热衷失败?

I can’t think of anyone who looks forward to failing. Some people are absolutely terrified of it, while others are more resilient and tend to bounce backrelatively quickly.

我还真是想不到,有谁希望失败。对于失败,有的人简直是谈虎色变,而有些人适应性更强一点,能够相对较快地从失败中反弹恢复。

Approaches to dealing with failure vary hugely among different cultures, societies and educational systems.Not surprisingly,parents also take widely differing approaches to teaching their children about failure.

对于如何应对失败,不同国家、不同社会、不同教育体制下,人们的处理方式大相径庭。同样,在这个问题上,父母所采取的教育策略也各不相同,这一点,也就不足为奇。

This quote from a super successful American entrepreneur illustrates one parenting strategy, which I think most readers will find radically different from their own experience:

下面是一位超级成功的商人分享的故事,他所阐述的父母之道,我想,定和许多读者自身的经验大不不同。

“When I was growing up, my dad would encourage my brother and I to fail. We would be sitting at the dinner table and he would ask, 'So what did you guys fail at this week?’ If we didn’t have something to contribute, he would be disappointed. When I did fail at something, he’d high-five me. What I didn’t realize at the time was that he was completely reframing my definition of failure at a young age. To me, failure means not trying; failure isn’t the outcome. If I have to look at myself in the mirror and say, 'I didn’t try that because I was scared ,’ that is failure.”

“在我成长过程中,我的父亲总是鼓励哥哥和我多经历失败。每晚,吃晚餐时,父亲就会问我们,'嗯,那么,孩子们,这周你们都遇到了哪些失败的事儿啊?’如果我们想不出失败的事儿,他就会很失望。但一旦我们真的遭遇了些失败事儿,他就会同我们击掌庆祝。那会儿,我并没有意识到,父亲其实是在我年幼阶段就重塑了我对失败的定义与认识。对我而言,失败意味着没有去做尝试,失败并不是一种结果。如果有一天,我看着镜子中的自己,对自己说,'我是因为害怕,才没有去做那件事’,这,就是失败。”

– Sara Blakely, Spanx founder, who was named in 2012 as the youngest self-made female billionaire in the world, as well as one of Time Magazine’s 100 most influential people

萨拉.布莱克里,美国女式内衣公司Spanx 的创始人。2012年,41岁的她被《时代周刊》(Time)评为年度全球最有影响力的 100人(Time 100)之一,也成为最年轻的白手起家的女性亿万富翁。

The idea that failure has payoffs, especially for entrepreneurs, has been around for a long time. The traditional view has been that the main dividends from a start-up going belly up are the acquired wisdom and experience, which can help sharpen the thinking of the entrepreneur.

“失败里也孕育着收获”,这个观点,实则流传已久,尤其对于创业者,就更是耳熟能详。按照传统观点,一个企业从起步到破产,最大的红利可能就是收获了智慧和经验,所谓“经验教训皆财富”,这些经验能够帮助创业者敏捷思维、打开视野。

According to new research, as reported in Fortune, there may be other less widely recognized payoffs.

据《财富》杂志报道,一项新发现表明,失败还包含着一些鲜为人知的收效。

An influential research paper by Gustavo Manso, Professor of Finance at the University of California at Berkeley, demonstrates that if previously self-employed folks later seek employment in the corporate world, they are likely to command higher pay packages.

加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校金融学教授Gustavo Manso在一篇颇具影响力的论文中阐述,拥有创业经历的人转向别的公司就业,他们往往会要求更高的工资。

Sources in the field of executive search told Fortune that big companies are increasingly looking to recruit people with entrepreneurial backgrounds, who tend to think differently and have a broader array of skill-sets.

猎头公司的专家告诉《财富》杂志,大公司在招聘时,越来越倾向招一些有创业背景的人,因为这些人往往考虑问题角度不同,同时也拥有更多的技能。

Start-ups tend to offer their founders a diversified business education at warp speed, often helping them determine personal career likes and dislikes at a much faster rate than would be possible by job-hopping in bigger companies.

创办一家企业,往往能迫使其创办者在短期内快速学习各种商业知识,帮助他们确定个人职业好恶,其速度,相比从一家公司跳槽到一家更大的公司,要来得快得多。

According to Manso’s research, people who tried entrepreneurship and gave it up after less than two years were not penalized in terms of pay when they moved to another employer. Those who lasted more than 2 years as entrepreneurs ended up earning an average of 10 to 20% more than their peers.

Manso 的调查表明,自谋职业不超过2年便放弃的人,在被别的公司录用时,待遇一定不会差。而相比之下,创业坚持超过两年的求职者,他们的收入通常却比同僚又要高出10%到20%。

Another piece of research, by the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business, found that – whether successful or otherwise – entrepreneurs tended to have higher levels of work-life satisfaction than salaried folks.

而宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的另一项研究表明,不管创业成功与否,自谋职业的人,其工作满意度都要高于工薪族。

My own observation about failure is that it is also an excellent breeding ground for humility. Some people start out humble. Many more need to learn it the hard way.

根据我自己的观察,失败经历还是培养谦逊之心的绝佳土壤。有一些人天生谦卑,而另一些人,是非的要吃点苦头才能学会的。

In the leadership context, if humility is at one end of the spectrum, then the opposite end is hubris.

就领导力而言,如果一端是谦虚,那另一端就是自大。

As Jim Collins wrote in his short but powerful book “How the Mighty Fall” :

正如吉姆.柯林斯在他的著名短作《巨人是如何倒下的》中写的,

'Dating back to ancient Greece, the concept of hubris is defined as excessive pride that brings down a hero, or alternatively …outrageous arrogance that inflicts suffering on the innocent…

“往回追溯到古希腊时期,所谓自大,就是敢把英雄拉下马的过分骄傲,又或......对无辜者恣意伤害的过度傲慢.......”

'We will see hubris in undisciplined leaps into areas where a company cannot become the best. We will see hubris in a company’s pursuit of growth beyond what it can deliver with excellence. We will see hubris in bold, risky decisions that fly in the face of conflicting or negative evidence. We will see hubris in denying even the possibility that the enterprise could be at risk, imperiled by external threats or internal erosion. And we will encounter one of the most insidious forms of hubris: arrogant neglect.’

“自大是一家公司任性地闯入自己无法领先的领域,自大是企业忽略卓越品质而一味追求过快增长,自大是无视矛盾或不利证据而做出莽撞冒险决定,自大是否认企业遭到外部威胁和内部侵蚀而将面临危机的可能性。今天,我们还可能遭遇最为隐形的一种自大:傲慢味儿十足的忽视。”

So, all things considered, we should be more open-minded about the positive side-effects and learning opportunities associated with failure.

所以,从各方面综合来看,我们都应该以更包容的心态对待失败,看到失败中的积极一面,并从困境危机中找到机会与希望。

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