BBC, CNN 以及ZDF新闻
BBC
Music festival and covid: could some events still go ahead this year?
音乐节和冠状病毒, 今年的活动还会正常进行吗
There is nothing else quite like a festival
没有什么比节日更重要的了
UK festivals, particularly the big ones, are part of what makes you want to do music in the first place.
英国的音乐节,尤其是大型的,是使你想做音乐的最重要的的原因。
It doesn't matter if you don't know the person next to you, and the person next to you, and the person in front of you.
你是否认识身边周围的人并不重
You konw that day, that time, at that festival.
你知道那天,那个时候,那个节日。
Coronavirus has devastated the UK's live events industry.
冠状病毒摧毁了英国的现场音乐活动。
In 2020 festival revenues fell by 90%.
2020年音乐节的收入下降了90%。
Very early in March it was just all dropping away. And everyone had stopped booking anything.
在三月初,一切都消失了。每个人都停止预订任何东西。
No deposits were coming through so there wae no cash.
没有存款,所以没有现金。
The cash flow stopped. My business is on hold. You know, there is no income, I've had no income. It's completely on hold, it's not happening. It's not happening last year, it's at the moment, not happening this year.
现金流停止了。我的生意暂停了。你知道,没有收入,我没有收入。它完全被搁置,没有发生。去年没有发生,现在没有,今年没有发生。
To be honest I'm not really focusing on whether we get to do festivals. I just want to make sure that my mum makes it through.
老实说,我并不是真的在关注我们是否参加节庆活动。我只想确保我的妈妈能度过。
I'd be delighted to play at the festivals if they do go ahead. But I think until there 's a proper vaccination programme up and running and we're some way towards the herd immunity that we used to hear about, then I remain pessimistic.
如果节日真的举行的话,我将很高兴参加这些节日。但是我认为,除非有一个适当的疫苗接种程序启动并运行。我们要是朝着以前听说过的群体免疫迈进了一步,那我仍然感到悲观。
A group of MPs are working on a report on how to support the UK' music festival industry.
一群国会议员正在研究支持英国音乐节产业的报告。
Timing is absolutely imperative for this year. Already we're in the beginning half of the year and some festivals unfortunately won't be able to go ahead because it's already too late in terms of planning and geeting those things up and running.
时间的安排非常重要。我们已经进入了一年的上半年,不幸的是某些节日将无法进行,因为就计划和实施而言已经太迟了。
This is such a huge industry and such a huge sector employing around 85,000 jobs in the UK alone.
这是一个巨大的行业,仅在英国就雇用了约85,000个工作岗位。
So it's absolutely vital that we get this right for the future of the sector and for the future of music festivals.
因此,对于行业和音乐节的未来,正确地处理好至关重要。
Glastonbury festival has already been cancelled this year. But there are calls for measures to help others go ahead.
格拉斯顿伯里音乐节今年已经取消。但是,人们呼吁采取措施帮助其它活动进行。
We need government backed insurance. So, corona cancellation insurance. That is absolutely paramount. That is the difference between festival and events organisers having the confidence to move forward and actually get our industry, our own economy, going again.
我们需要政府支持的保险。因此,新冠取消保险。那绝对是最重要的。那就是节日组织者和活动组织者之间的区别,他们有信心向前迈进,并切实推动我们的行业,我们的经济重新发展。
The second thing I'd ask for is more financial support, especially for those that have been excluded. And absolutely some kind of road map with what support we'll have along the way to a date when we can start again. Even if there needs to be a bit of flexibility in that date which is understandable.
我要求提供的第二件事是更多的财政支持,尤其是对于那些被排除在外的。绝对有某种计划,可以支持我们直到重新开始的时候。即使在那个时候需要一点灵活性,这也是可以理解的。
Another year without events could have a lasting impact on the sector. I would say as a bare minimum 50% of operators will be gone. And that's probably being optimistic. You know, it's been hard for most people to carry on to here. Another summer, I think it's game over for a lot of people.
一年没有任何活动可能会对该行业产生持久影响。我要说的是,至少有50%的运营商将消失。这可能是乐观的。您知道的,对于大多数人来说,很难坚持下去。 在另一个夏天,我认为这对很多人来说就结束了。
I've worked for the Levellers, Morcheeba, Muse for 16 years, take that, to mention a few. I kind of like, ran away and joined the circus when I was 21. And it's been a fantastic ride but then it just... The floor opened up and it all just disappeared.
我已经为Muse,Morcheeba和Levellers工作了16年。我离开家,在21岁加入了马戏团。这真是一场奇妙的旅程,但随后……地面打开了,一切都消失了。
After losing his job he retrained as a gas engineer.
失业后,他接受了天然气工程师的培训。
My major focus was I needed to have something to keep my family above water, to pay the mortgage and put food on the table, which has been a scrape.
我的主要重点是我需要一些东西来维持家人的生活,偿还抵押贷款并将食物放在桌子上,这真是一种磨练。
We are in regualr dialogue with public health experts to agree a realistic return date for festivals and othes large events, but right now the NHS is under extreme pressure and we must do everything we can to reduce that. Once we are confident we are in a position to explore possible reopening dates, we will be working with organisers to unlock the barriers they face to restarting - including any challenges getting insurance.
我们正在与公共卫生专家进行定期对话,以商定节日和其他大型活动的现实返回日期,但是现在,NHS承受着巨大的压力,我们必须尽一切努力减少这种情况。一旦我们确信我们有能力确定开放日期,我们将与组织者一起努力,解除他们面临的重新开始的障碍,包括任何获得保险的困难。
https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-politics-55873714
CNN
ISA SOARES: A silent chaos fills this ICU ward on the outskirts of Lisbon in Portugal.
ISA SOARES:在葡萄牙里斯本郊区的这个ICU病房里,一片寂静。
Here, as patient after patient battle for breath, for life itself, only their heart monitors echo through these walls.
在这里,随着病人为呼吸而奋斗,为生命本身而奋斗,只有他们的心脏监护仪的声音在回荡。
For a country that mastered the first wave of COVID-19, this is an alarming sight. An epidemic so ferocious that ICU wards are overwhelmed and nearing capacity. But what is most in need right now is medical staff.
对于一个承受了第一波COVID-19的国家来说,这真是令人震惊。这种流行病如此凶猛,以至于ICU病房不堪重负,接近容纳人数。但是目前最需要的是医务人员。
Interpreter: I would love to always have one nurse for six patients. But most times, I have one tending to eight.
口译员:我很乐意总是有一名护士照顾六个病人。但是大多数时候,一个护士照顾八个病人。
ISA SOARES: And they, lead nurse DuGoncalves tells us, are overworked and beyond exhausted. But there is no respite for them yet, as hosputals feel the immense weight of this latest wave.
首席护士DuGoncalves告诉我们,他们太劳累了,筋疲力尽。但是,对于他们来说,现在还没有喘息的机会,因为医院的工作人员感到最近一波巨浪的重压。
Interpreter: The hospitals are all overwhelmed and the Casicais Hospital is no exception. We are nearing our limit, if we 're not there already. And what we're seeing is that the services that exist in Portugal are starting to be overrun by this tsunami.
口译员:医院不堪重负,卡西卡斯医院也不例外。如果我们还没有达到极限,那么我们已经接近极限。我们所看到的是,葡萄牙的现有服务开始受到海啸的影响。
Across the country, hospitals are struggling to cope with a rapid surge in new cases. With doctors telling CNN they extimate 25% of all new cases have been caused by the variant discovered in the UK. So it's all hands on deck here, with large military health units being set up in Lisbon and Parto. Even cafeterias are being turned into wards.
全国各地的医院都在努力应对新病例的迅速增加。医生告诉CNN,他们估计所有新病例中有25%是由在英国发现的变体引起的。因此,在里斯本和帕托成立了大型军事卫生部门。甚至食堂也被变成病房。
All in a bid to avoid scenes like this. Patients being triaged in lines of ambulances, waiting outside overcrowded hospitals in Lisbon. But as the admissions grow throughout the country, so do the scars they carry, Dr. Gustavo Carona tells me.
所有这些都是为了避免出现这样的场景。病人被救护车分流,在里斯本拥挤的医院外面等候。但是随着全国各地的许可增加,他们所带来的危险也随之增加,古斯塔沃·卡罗纳博士告诉我。
We are dealing with the patients suffering in a way that we have never seen before. And it is a very slow disease. It is not like they arrive in the hospital and then they die. They are there for hours, for days.
遭受痛苦的患者呈现出没有见过的情况。这是一种非常缓慢的疾病。这不是说他们到达医院后死亡。他们在医院待了好几个小时,好几天。
ISA SOARES : Doctor Carona has been on the front lines of wars in the Middle East and Africa. Bur this, he tells me, isn't a war.
ISA SOARES:Carona医生曾经在中东和非洲战争的前线。他告诉我,这不是一场战争。
It is quite complex to deal with intensive care patients. So you cannot find specialist in a vending machines. And the problem is that people do not understand that there is a limit to our capacity.
与重症监护患者打交道非常复杂。因此,你无法根据现有资料找到方案。问题是人们不了解我们的能力是有限的。
Doctors say the messaging out of Portugal has been clear. But many have criticized the government for relaxing measures at Christmas, including allowing families to gather, and for going ahead with presidential elections just days ago, a debate staff at this hospital simply had no time for.
医生说从葡萄牙传出的消息很清楚。许多人批评政府在圣诞节期间放宽措施,包括允许家庭聚会,以及几天前举行总统选举,这家医院的人员根本没有时间参与。
Here , there 's only a spirit of mission. But the fear is that this will soon fade away, as exhaustion and anxiety begin to set in.
在这里,只有一种使命感。但是担心的是,随着疲惫和焦虑开始出现,这种感觉很快就会消失。
https://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2021/01/29/portugal-coronavirus-covid-19-crisis-soares-pkg-intl-hnk-vpx.cnn/video/playlists/coronavirus-intl/
ZDF
Impfstoffe ohne Patent produzieren lassen?
是否可以生产没有专利的疫苗?
Politisch umstritten, rechtlich eindeutig: Der Staat könnte die von Biontech, Moderna und Astrazeneca entwickelten Impfstoffe auch von anderen Herstellern produzieren lassen.
政治上有争议,法律上明确:国家可以生产由Biontech,Moderna和Astrazeneca或者其他制造者开发的疫苗。
Sollen Andere Impfstoff von Biontech & Co. herstellen?
其他人应该从Biontech&Co.生产疫苗吗?
Das ist rechtlich problematisch, da solche pharmazeutischen Produkte von Patenten geschützt werden. Erforschung und Entwicklung von Impfstoffen sind sehr aufwendig, teuer und mit großen wirtschaftlichen Risiken verbunden.
这在法律上是有问题的,因为这种药品受专利保护。疫苗的研究和开发非常复杂,昂贵且具有巨大的经济风险。
Patente sollen einen wirtschaftlichen Anreiz zur Entwicklung bieten, indem sie dem Pharmaunternehmen die spätere wirtschaftliche Nutzung garantieren. So kann das Unternehmen seine millionenschweren Investitionen kompensieren und zusätzlich Gewinne erwirtschaften.
专利旨在通过保证制药公司随后的经济使用为发展提供经济动力。这样,公司可以抵消其数百万美元的投资并产生额外的利润。
Deshalb widerspricht der Vorschlag aus der Politik den Grundsätzen des Patentrechts. Rein rechtlich wäre es wegen der besonderen Corona-Lage aber tatsächlich möglich, dass ein Impfstoff auch von anderen Herstellern produziert wird.
因此,政治提议与专利法原则相矛盾。从纯粹的法律角度来看,由于特殊的新冠情况,实际上有可能由其他制造商生产疫苗。
Grundlage ist das Infektionsschutzgesetz
基础是《感染保护法》
Grundlage dafür ist das Ende 2020 geänderte Infektionsschutzgesetz. Darin heißt es: Das Bundesgesundheitsministerium wird im Rahmen der epidemischen Lage von nationaler Tragweite ermächtigt, nach § 13 Absatz 1 des Patentgesetzes anzuordnen, dass eine Erfindung (…) im Interesse der öffentlichen Wohlfahrt (…) benutzt werden soll.
其基础是《感染保护法》,该法于2020年底进行了修订:在国家范围内的流行病情况下,根据专利法第13条第(1)款,联邦卫生部有权下令发明 (...)出于公众公益(...)而被使用。
Während der Corona-Pandemie kann das Bundesgesundheitsministerium anordnen, dass Medikamente und Impfstoffe auch gegen den Willen des Patentinhabers hergestellt werden.Der Staat würde dann sozusagen anstelle des Patentinhabers für einen begrenzten Zeitraum Lizenzen an andere Pharmaunternehmen erteilen.
在新冠大流行期间,联邦卫生部可以违背专利持有人的意愿制造药物和疫苗。因此,州政府可以将许可证授予其他制药公司一段时间,不必考虑专利持有人。
Dafür müsste der Staat dann aber auch angemessen bezahlen: Die übliche Lizenzspanne, in der die überwiegende Mehrzahl der pharmazeutischen Produkte bezahlt wird, liege bei fünf bis 15 Prozent des Umsatzes, sagt der Münchner Patentanwalt Wolfgang Weiß.
慕尼黑的专利律师沃尔夫冈·魏斯(WolfgangWeiß)说,州政府必须为此支付适当的费用:通常的许可保证金(占绝大部分药品的价格)是销售额的5%到15%。
Impfstoff-Herstellung notfalls über eine Zwangslizenz
必要时通过强制许可生产疫苗
Ein anderer Weg, wie der Staat die Impfstoff-Herstellung juristisch in die Hand nehmen könnte, ist die so genannte Zwangslizenz. Diese kann von einem Patentgericht erteilt werden, wenn ein öffentliches Interesse vorliegt. Außerdem müssen vorher Verhandlungen über die Lizenzierung stattgefunden haben, die zu keinem Ergebnis geführt haben. Erst dann darf das zuständige Bundespatentgericht überhaupt entscheiden.
国家可以合法地控制疫苗生产的另一种方式是所谓的强制许可。如果有公共利益,可以由专利法院批准。此外,必须事先进行有关许可的谈判,一般来说这不会有任何结果。只有这样之后,主管的联邦专利法院才能做出裁决。
Dieser Weg ist wesentlich aufwendiger und langwieriger als die Anordnung des Bundesgesundheitsministeriums. 2016 hatte das Bundespatentgericht erstmals eine solche Zwangslizenz angeordnet; damals ging es um die Produktion eines HIV-Medikaments.
这条道路比联邦卫生部的命令复杂得多,而且漫长。2016年,联邦专利法院首次下令强制许可;那时是关于艾滋病毒药物的生产。
Jens Spahn: Das Vertrauen in den Impfstoff ist wichtig
Abgesehen von den juristische Fragestellungen müsste sich die Politik auch erst einmal entscheiden, ob die derzeitige Lage es wirklich erfordert, die Patente der Impfstoffentwickler zu übergehen. Bundesgesundheitsminister Spahn hält bislang wenig davon. Im vergangenen Dezember hatte er gesagt:
Jens Spahn:对疫苗的信任很重要
除了法律问题之外,政客们还必须首先决定当前的情况是否真的有必要忽略疫苗开发者的专利。到目前为止,联邦卫生部长Spahn对此几乎没有考虑。去年十二月,他说:
Gerade für das Vertrauen in den Impfstoff ist es doch wichtig, dass wir alle Qualitätsanforderungen einhalten.
为了对疫苗充满信心,我们必须遵守所有质量要求,这一点很重要。
Jens Spahn
https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-staat-impfstoffe-patent-produktion-100.html