骨科英文书籍精读（342）｜胫骨平台骨折的并发症
我们正在精读国外经典骨科书籍《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》，想要对于骨科英文形成系统认识，为以后无障碍阅读英文文献打下基础，请持续关注。
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Complications
EARLY
Compartment syndrome – With closed types 4 and 5 fractures there is considerable bleeding and swelling of the leg – and a risk of developing a compartment syndrome. The leg and foot should be examined repeatedly for signs.
LATE
Joint stiffness With severely comminuted fractures, and after complex operations, there is a considerable risk of developing a stiff knee. This is prevented by avoiding prolonged immobilization and encouraging movement as early as possible.
Deformity Some residual valgus or varus deformity is quite common – either because the fracture was incompletely reduced or because, although adequately reduced, the fracture became re-displaced during treatment. Fortunately, moderate deformity is compatible with good function, although constant overloading of one compartment may predispose to osteoarthritis in later life.
Osteoarthritis If, at the end of treatment, there is marked depression of the plateau, or deformity of the knee or ligamentous instability, secondary osteoarthritis is likely to develop after 5 or 10 years. This may eventually require reconstructive surgery.
---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》
重点词汇整理：
moderate deformity is compatible with good function,中度畸形与良好的功能兼容
there is marked depression of the plateau,胫骨平台有明显的凹陷。
reconstructive surgery重建手术；重建外科；修复外科手术
有道翻译（仅供参考，建议自己翻译）：
早期并发症
骨筋膜室综合征-闭合性4型和5型骨折有相当大的出血和腿部肿胀-并有发展为骨筋膜室综合征的风险。应反复检查腿部和足部有无症状。
晚期并发症
关节僵硬伴有严重粉碎性骨折，在复杂的手术后，有相当大的风险发展为膝关节僵硬。避免长时间固定和尽早鼓励运动可以防止这种情况。
畸形有些残存的外翻或内翻畸形是很常见的，要么是因为骨折未完全复位，要么是因为虽然骨折复位充分，但在治疗过程中骨折再次移位。幸运的是，中度畸形与良好的功能是相容的，尽管一个腔室的持续过载可能会在以后的生活中诱发骨关节炎。
骨关节炎如果在治疗结束时出现明显的高原凹陷，或膝关节畸形或韧带不稳，5年或10年后很可能发展为继发性骨关节炎。这最终可能需要重建手术。