Oy双膦酸盐:关于骨折风险的双刃剑
55岁乳腺癌患者的左股骨近端骨折
如下图所示,左髋关节和股骨X线检查未见骨性破坏,但可见股骨干中段的外侧皮质不规则(非特异性改变),股骨干近端外侧有两处不相连的皮质隆起。
股骨X线检查示股骨干近端外侧两处皮质隆起;骨扫描示左股骨干近端局部摄取增加[1]
股骨干近端横形骨折[1]
71岁女性的非典型股骨骨折
双膦酸盐的作用机制与常见不良反应
双膦酸盐的常见不良反应包括流感样症状(发热、疲乏、寒战)、恶心呕吐、贫血以及疼痛(骨痛、关节痛和肌痛)等。
双膦酸盐与非典型股骨骨折
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双膦酸盐相关非典型股骨骨折的临床表现
典型股骨骨折的治疗
值得一提的是,与双膦酸盐降低髋部和其他部位骨折风险相比,该药物相关非典型股骨骨折的绝对风险仍然很低[5]。因此,对于有临床适应症的患者,如无禁忌,应考虑及时使用双膦酸盐治疗,并在长期用药后注意评估相关骨折风险。
参考文献:
[1] Espey R, Grimes S, Heyburn G, Kealey WD. The first reported case of Atypical Femoral Fracture caused by daily ibandronate prescribed for bone metastases in breast cancer. BMJ Case Rep. 2017 May 9;2017:bcr2016217489. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2016-217489. PMID: 28487299; PMCID: PMC5612009.
[2] Jain TP, Thorn M. Atypical femoral fractures related to bisphosphonate therapy. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2012 Jul;22(3):178-81. doi: 10.4103/0971-3026.107178. PMID: 23599564; PMCID: PMC3624739.
[3] Edwards BJ, Sun M, West DP, Guindani M, Lin YH, Lu H, Hu M, Barcenas C, Bird J, Feng C, Saraykar S, Tripathy D, Hortobagyi GN, Gagel R, Murphy WA Jr. Incidence of Atypical Femur Fractures in Cancer Patients: The MD Anderson Cancer Center Experience. J Bone Miner Res. 2016 Aug;31(8):1569-76. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2818. Epub 2016 Apr 19. PMID: 26896384.
[4] 陆永江, 刘华. 双膦酸盐类药物与非典型股骨骨折关系的 Meta 分析. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版),2013,7(20):9239-9242
[5] Black DM, Geiger EJ, Eastell R, Vittinghoff E, Li BH, Ryan DS, Dell RM, Adams AL. Atypical Femur Fracture Risk versus Fragility Fracture Prevention with Bisphosphonates. N Engl J Med. 2020 Aug 20;383(8):743-753. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1916525. PMID: 32813950.
[6] Capeci CM, Tejwani NC. Bilateral low-energy simultaneous or sequential femoral
fractures in patients on long-term alendronate therapy. J Bone Joint Surg Am
2009;91:2556–61.
[7] Odvina CV, Levy S, Rao S, et al. Unusual mid-shaft fractures during long-term
bisphosphonate therapy. Clin Endocrinol 2010;72:161–8.
[8] Shane E, Burr D, Ebeling PR, et al; American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Atypical subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures: report of a task force of the American Society for bone and mineral research. J Bone Miner Res, 2010;25:2267–94.
本文仅代表作者个人观点,不代表骨今中外官方立场。希望大家理性判断,有针对性地应用。