若不是学习过,英语中有些短语真的很难懂,比如 eat crow 和 get sb's goat 等等,不要把它们理解为它们的字面意思“吃乌鸦”和“取某人的山羊”。显而易见,它们的字面意思是不合理的,类似的还有 keep one's hair on,也不要把它理解为“留住某人的头发”。
His predictions were completely wrong, and he had to eat crow.I think Ellen is a perfectionist because the thought of having to eat crow terrifies her.我认为艾伦是个完美主义者,因为一想到要认错,她就害怕。That guy just gets my goat every time he opens his mouth.It really gets my goat when people smoke in non-smoking areas.
同样地 keep one's hair on,不是“留住某人的头发”,它用来比喻要求某人保持冷静,不要过激,相当于 keep calm,例如:Keep your hair on, Mum. You can hardly see the damage.Keep your hair on! We’ve got plenty of time to get to the airport.I always tell my clients to keep their hair on when you are sitting in court.当你坐在法庭上的时候,我总是告诉我的客户要保持冷静。My mother would always keep her hair on when she would argue with my father.
不得不惊叹语言的魅力,以后若遇到类似的表达方式,应该第一时间想到它们被用作比喻意义,特别是它们的意思不合理时。无论作动词还是形容词,calm 都跟“镇静”有关;作动词时,意为“使镇静,使平静”,常用与短语动词 calm down;因此要表示“保持冷静”,还可以说 keep/remain/stay calm,例如:It is important to keep calm in an emergency.The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm.Look, calm down! We'll find her.
We waited inside until things calmed down.
我们待在室内,直到一切都恢复了平静。
The main thing is to stay calm.
此时的 calm 相当于 cool,因此要表达“保持冷静、使平静或使镇静”,还可以用 cool 相关的表达方式,例如:I think you should wait until she's cooled down a little.A few hours in a police cell should cool him off.
1. prediction [prɪˈdɪkʃn] 意为“语言,预测”2. terrify [ˈterɪfaɪ] 意为“使恐惧,使十分害怕,使惊吓”