怎样才够女人？——来测个睾酮吧
What exactly makes a woman?
到底怎样才能算作女人呢？
Track and field's world governing body thinks the answer has to do with levels of serum testosterone, at least when it comes to female runners competing in middle-distance races.
世界田径管理组织认为答案与血清中的睾丸酮有关，至少在谈到中距离跑项目的女性选手时是这样。
The International Association of Athletics Federation announced a new set of rules Thursday that will ban women who naturally produce higher-than-normal levels of testosterone from participating in races ranging from 400 meters to the mile, unless they agree to take medication.
国际田联周四宣布了一系列新规则，里面禁止体内睾丸酮水平高于正常值的女性参加从400米到400英里的各种比赛，除非她们愿意服药控制。
Athletes with the condition, called hyperandrogenism, would be eligible to compete at the international level only if they reduced blood testosterone levels through the use of hormonal contraceptives, including birth control pills.
有这种叫做雄性激素增多症情形的运动员们只有通过服用包括避孕药在内的激素类避孕药物，才能参加比赛。
The rule will go into effect on Nov. 1.
这项规则将在11月1日开始实施。
"Our evidence and data show that testosterone, either naturally produced or artificially inserted into the body, provides significant performance advantages in female athletes," said IAAF President Sebastian Coe in a statement.
“我们的证据和数据表明睾丸酮，不管是自身合成的还是人工注射进体内的，都会在女性运动员中带来明显的体能优势，”国际田联主席塞巴斯蒂安.科在声明中说。
"The revised rules are not about cheating, no athlete with a [difference of sexual development] has cheated, they are about levelling the playing field to ensure fair and meaningful competition in the sport of athletics where success is determined by talent, dedication and hard work rather than other contributing factors," he added.
“修改后的规则并不是针对作弊，那些性发育不同的运动员们也没有作弊，而是为了公平比赛环境，确保运动员们的体育竞争是公平，有意义的竞争，其成功取决于天赋，奉献和努力而不是别的作用因素，”他补充道。
The new stipulations are stricter than those established by the IAAF in 2011, which limited women's testosterone levels to 10 nanomoles per liter of blood.
新规定的条款比国际田联2011年建立的更为严格，当时将女性血液中的睾丸酮水平限制在10纳摩尔每升以下。
The new requirements reduce the limit by half to 5 nanomoles per liter.
新要求将限制降到了5纳摩尔每升以下。
That is still far above levels in most women, including elite female athletes, whose levels range from 0.12 to 1.79 nanomoles per liter, states a 22-page IAAF document defending the organization's decision.
不过这仍然比大部分女性的睾丸酮水平要高了，包括优秀的女选手，她们的睾丸酮水平一般是0.12到1.79纳摩尔每升，国际田联有22页的文件来解释该组织的这项决定。
Meanwhile, the normal male range after puberty is much higher, from 7.7 to 29.4 nanomoles.
同时，成年男性性成熟后的睾丸酮水平则高得多，达到7.7到29.4纳摩尔。
"Therefore, a concentration of 5 nmol/L is an appropriate decision limit for purposes of these Regulations," the IAAF stated.
“因此，5纳摩尔每升的浓度对于达到这项规定的目的是比较合适的决定，”国际田联声明称。
感谢关注
跟amber一起看世界