高中英语听力总是提不上去?建议这样练习(附听力场景词汇)

高中英语听力测试部分在整套试题中占有重要地位。它要求考生从头到尾按顺序往下听,在有限的时间内做出选择,没有“回头看”的余地。
今天,老师就结合近几年的高考英语听力试题介绍一些应试技巧和解题的基本方法。
听力应试技巧与策略
听前:略读题目,切入话题,划出重点,预测内容(确定人物身份)
听中:捕捉信息,速记要点,有的放矢,去伪存真(短文独白,首末为主旨句,注意5W,1H)
听后:连贯记忆,前后联系,综合考虑,一锤定音。
心记:这种能力对于解决听力第1节的问题非常适用。
笔记:
1)运用速记符号例如:↑up ↓down ←lef t→right =equal
2)发明并运用字母的缩写形式Ex——expensive lg——large eq——earthquake

1.对话预测:

在听取对话,尤其是Part1-5——Short Conversation时,考生可以按照下例wh-问题进行预测:

  • 1)Who are the two speakers?

  • 2)What is the possible Relationships between them?

  • 3)When did they have the conversation?

  • 4)Where did the conversation take place?

  • 5)Why do they have the conversation?

  • 6)What did they plan to do?

2.语篇预测:了解讲话者已提供和未提供的信息
1)What facts did the speaker offer?
2)What facts did the speaker fail to offer?
3.依靠开篇句预测:英语听力的第一句话通常会透露整篇的主题,所以考生要善于抓住听力材料的首句信息。
例如:Americans have a popular saying “Time is money。”
从这一句开篇句我们可以预测的信息范围:
1)这是一篇关于时间的话题。
2)涉及对象是美国人。
听力特点及高分应试策略
话题广泛:购物、就餐、打电话、问路、看病、邀请、询问时间、谈论天气、假日活动、买票等,其内容包含新闻报道、社会生活、教育文化、风土人情、历史地理、科普知识、人物故事等。高考英语听力一般从以下几方面考查考生对口头语言的理解能力:
1.领略主旨大意,概括话题内容
这类试题在高考听力试题中约占2小题,它要求我们对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会,抓住说话者究竟在说什么。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的,有时主旨大意较明显,有时则需要归纳、概括。常见的提问方式有:
What’s the passage mainly about?
What’s the topic of the passage?
What are the two speakers doing?
What are the two speakers talking about?
What is the dialogue/conversation about?
2.捕捉主要细节,确认具体事实
这类试题在高考听力试题中约占8小题。它要求我们听清、听懂与话题中心相关的具体信息,准确理解具体细节,如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数量、目的、原因、结果等。同时,还要求我们对所听到的信息进行简单的处理,比如数字运算、时间顺序、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系等。理解具体信息有助于把握话题内容,领会说话者意图,这是听力考查的重点内容。常见的提问方式有:
Where is the woman going?
How does the man pay for the tickets?
What’s wrong with the girl?
When does the woman plan to arrive?
What’s the man’s house number?
How many hours does Tom sleep a day?
Why does the man thank the woman?

Which of the following is true?

3.推测谈话背景,辨认角色关系
这类试题在高考听力试题中约占5小题,要求我们从谈话或说话的话题和语气来推断出对话双方(或说话人)的职业身份,彼此之间(或与他人)的关系,对话发生的时间、地点或场合等。常见的提问方式有:
Where does this conversation take place?
Where is the woman speaking?
Where did the conversation most likely happen?
When does the dialogue take place?
Who do you think the woman probably is?
What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
4.领会弦外之音,揣摩观点意图
这类试题在高考听力试题中约占5小题,它要求我们从话语中听出其中可能有的“弦外之音”,也就是揣摩说话人的意图、观点或态度等,常见的提问方式有:
What can we learn from the conversation/speakers?
What can we know /learn about the woman?
What does the man mean?
What does the speakers want to tell us?

What is the probable result of the conversation?

常见高考听力考点归纳和总结
1.数字
许多听力材料中涉及数字,例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等,并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现,这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字,还要熟悉数字之间的关系。例如:减价:20%off,special offer,special price,25% discount,sale
原价:regular price,normal price
增长:10% increase in?1/3 climb in?
下降:23% fall in?5.5% decrease in?
提示1:如对电话号码、门牌号、航班号、车牌号等,考生可采取听写记录所需数字。
提示2:对判断类数字题需要在听到的两个或两个以上数字中判断符合题意的数字。
提示3:对推断类数字题则通常涉及到简单的数学四则运算,需稍加计算,才能得出正确答案。
2.地点
地点型试题主要考查地点,该项内容的考查多为以where开头的特殊疑问句,如:
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
(这段对话最可能发生在什么场合?)解这类试题时,我们需要有一些积累和推断。
提示1:熟悉、积累常用地名,如国家、首都、大城市、着名的标志性建筑以及山川河流的名称等
提示2:熟悉、积累与各个地点场所有关的单词、短语、句型和场景。
3.推断
推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点,还常考查学生对人物身份、关系,人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断。一般来说,此类题通常出现在短对话中。

提示1:平时熟悉、积累不同人物身份及人物关系所对应的单词、短语、句型和场景,测试时根据对话内容所提供的称呼语、关键词,结合生活常识进行判断。

提示2:熟悉、积累不同语音语调所表达的不同意思,以及特定单词、短语和句型所表达的隐含信息,进行准确判断。

提示3:认真听清事件发生的全部过程及前因后果,去粗取精,去伪存真,才能找出事件发生的真正原因。
'阴胜阳衰'原则:(即答案中出现以下情况可能是对的)
1.男生学习不好,不爱学习;女生爱学习,学的也好
2.男生等女生
3.男生在遇到困难的时候往往比较消极,而女生往往比较乐观,不怕困难,还开导男生
4.男生不够沉稳,心里素质不行;女生很稳重、成熟、细心
5.男生对女生基本上是'唯命是从'原则
6.男生总是不太爱学习,女生则认为一定要好好学习,尤其是开始之前更应该话功夫;而且女生很关心男生的学习,经常一某些方式帮助男生.
7.男生惹女生生气,然后向女生道歉。女生还是比较宽容的,能原谅他们。
请客吃饭场景(即答案中出现以下情况可能是对的)
推理原则:一般需对对话进行推理,故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。
1.一般有邀请时都答应,或者说我很愿意去,但是有某些事情耽误了
2.要求回请
3.赞扬主人做的饭好吃
4.特别的食物,一般指意大利的西班牙或者泰国(Thailand)的食物
5.挫折原则:通常要办的事情都是不顺利的(如买东西买不到,订房间客满等)
6.父母一般只有一个作用:教育子女好好学习。
7.除了父母教育子女外,家里(包括朋友家,阿姨家等等)发生的事情一般是不考的,故遇到地点推测题类似at home/at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的。

8.听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情、问题,故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项.

(1)餐馆场景:

restaurant餐馆; cafeteria 自助餐厅;

buffet 自助餐; canteen;dining hall 食堂,餐厅;

coffee shop;cafe咖啡屋 ;

snack bar 小吃街、大排挡

go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃饭

waiter/waitress 男/女服务生;

order 点菜 ;serve 上菜 ;

menu 菜单;bill 账单

pay the bill 付账

tip 小费;change 零钱

Keep the change! 不用找零钱了!

treat 请客

This is my treat!、 It’s>go Dutch ;Let’s go fifty fifty.  AA制

Help yourself. 请随便吃

knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;

spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盘;

appetizer 开胃菜;dessert甜品,水果;

soup 汤 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;

sandwich 三明治;hamburger 汉堡包;

French fries 炸薯条;pizza 披萨;

bacon 培根 ;chicken鸡肉;

beef牛肉;pork猪肉

drink 喝,饮料;wine 红酒;

coke 可口可乐;

coffee咖啡;dressing 调味酱;

pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄酱;

delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的

(2)邮局场景:

stamp邮票;envelope 信封;

package / parcel 包裹;

parcel form包裹单;zip code邮编;

weight重量;overweight 超重;

postage邮费;extra postage 额外邮资;insurance保险;

send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信;

delivery投递,传送;claim领取;

express mail 快件;EMS特快专递;

airmail 航空信件;surface mail 平邮;

ordinary letter平信;

registered letter挂号信。

(3)图书馆场景:

library card借书证;

borrow借入;lend借出;

keep持有,保管,存放;renew续借;return归还;

overdue 借书逾期;pay a fine 交罚款;

librarian 图书管理员;bookshelf书架;

novel小说;science fiction科幻小说;

magazine杂志;periodical期刊;reference book参考书;

(4)校园场景:

tuition学费;scholarship奖学金;

term/semester 学期;seminar研讨班;

presentation 课堂发言;

assignment/homework作业;register 注册;

be absent 缺席;final exam 期末考试;

review/ go over复习; fail/pass不及格/通过;

cut a class逃课; graduate毕业; stationery文具;

essay论文;paper试卷;

attend a lecture 听讲座 textbook 课本;

classroom 教师;laboratory实验室;

mark/grade 成绩;course 课程;

subject 学科;playground 操场

(5)医院及健康场景:

doctor医生;dentist牙医;physician内科医生;

surgeon外科医生;nurse护士;

hospital医院;clinic 诊所;

Health Center医疗中心;

emergency room/ department 急诊室;

emergent treatment急救处理;

first aid 急救;treatment治疗手段;

check up 检查;physical examination体检;

take>测量体温/血压;

show>write a prescription开处方;

give an injection打针;

visiting hours 探视时间

medicine药;pills / tablets药丸/药片;

aspirin 阿司匹林;suffer from受…苦;

pain疼痛;headache头痛;stomachache肚子痛;

backache背痛;sore-throat喉咙痛;

cough咳嗽;fever发烧;cold / flu 感冒/流感

【have/catch a cold患感冒】;

heart attack 心脏病;dizzy眩晕的;

——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?

——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。

I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。

(注意听语气:身体好的时候,语调上扬,语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候,降调,语气非常郁闷。)

(6)电话场景:

operator 接线员

Extension six two two six, please.请转6226。

The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。

long distance call 长途电话;

collect call 对方付费电话;put through 接通电话;

leave a message留口信;

dial the wrong number拨错号码;

call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.;

give sb. a call/ ring给某人打电话;

——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好,我是…。

——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是谁?

Hold>I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一会儿再打。

I couldn’t get through.打不通;

Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.对不起,您拨错号啦。

(7)酒店场景:

make a reservation 预定房间;

reception desk 接待处;

reception服务台;receptionist 服务员;

accommodation住宿; registration登记;

check in 入住;check out 结帐;

Identity/ID card 身份证;fill out a form填表;

single room 单间;double room双人间;

suite套间;room number房间号;

room key房间钥匙;room service客房服务;

wake-up call叫醒电话

Do you have a reservation Sir?先生,您预订了吗?

Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房间吗?

All the room are occupied. 房间已满。

Can I have a suite please?有套间吗?

How much do you charge for that? 如何收费?

Smoking or no smoking? 吸烟或不吸烟?

Meals included. 包括饮食。

Can I show you your room? 我可以带你去你的房间?

Can I carry your luggage?我可以帮你提行李吗?

(8)交通场景:

plane飞机;ship轮船;bus 公交车;

coach长途客车;train火车;

subway/underground 地铁;

railway 铁路;highway 公路;

sidewalk/pavement人行道;

one-way street 单行道;

rush hour交通高峰期; crowded拥挤的;

heavy traffic拥挤的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞;

traffic rules交通规则; traffic lights交通灯;

driving license驾照;  driver司机;

garage修车厂、车库;

car accident/crash车祸;speed超速;r

un the red light闯红灯; flat tire爆胎;

scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存

by plane/air乘飞机; by sea/land水路、陆路;

by subway/underground 乘地铁;

transfer换乘、转机

May I see your license, please?

我可以看看你的驾照,好吗?

You will be fined by $20.

你将处以20元的罚款。

(9)机场场景:

airline航空公司;airway 航线;flight 航班;

book/serve预定; behind schedule 晚点;

cancel取消;customs海关;security check安检;

passport护照;visa签证;

departure lounge 候机室;

departure gate登机口;check in 办理登机手续;

on board登机;boarding pass/card 登机牌;

luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;

take off 起飞;land降落; safe landing安全着陆

bound for…飞往…方向去的;

departure to 前往;destination目的地;

departure time起飞时间;

see sb. off为某人送行;  pick up接机

【在飞机上】

a window seat靠窗的座位;

an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain机长;

pilot飞行员;airhostess/stewardess空姐;

fasten the safety/safe belt系紧安全带;

airsick晕机; jet lag飞机时差反应;

(10)在火车站(At the railway station):

booking/ticket office售票处;

conductor售票员; train 火车;

express train特快列车; carriage车厢;

dining car餐车;waiting room 候车室;

platform 站台,月台;

one way trip/ticket 单程/单程票;

round trip/ticket往返/往返票;

a hard seat 硬座;a soft seat软座

(11)购物场景:

store 商店;grocery食品店;

department store 百货商场;

shopping center/mall 购物中心;

shop assistant店员;counter 柜台;

receipt 收据;deliver 送货;refund 退款;

bargain便宜货;out of stock 脱销/缺货;

in stock 有货;selling season 销售旺季;

on sale打折; 50% off 打五折;

a 30% discount打七折;

catalogue 产品目录;

Commodity information商品信息;

brand 品牌;size尺码;color颜色;

style样式;price价格;

【What color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么样的颜色/多大尺寸/哪种?】

second-hand 二手的;popular / fashionable 流行的;

in fashion 流行,时尚;

out of fashion 过时的;

商品论贵贱expensive, cheap;

价格论高低high, low;

pay in cash 用现金支付;

pay in check 用支票支付;

credit card 信用卡;

pay by installment 分期付款;

【在服装店(In a clothing store/shop)】

trousers 裤子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;

shirt衬衫;jacket夹克;coat上衣;

a bigger size 稍大一点尺寸;

what size 多大尺寸;

this style这种式样;

fit you合你身;try on试穿;match 相配

(12)天气场景:

fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 阳光明媚的;

overcast 多云;cloudy 阴;humid 湿润的;

wet 潮湿的;rainy有雨的;clear up 天空放晴;

freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎热的;cool凉爽的;

warm暖和的;mild温和的;windy有风的;

calm无风的;breeze微风;moderate 风力不大;

strong/ high winds 大风;tornado 龙卷风;

typhoon 台风;fog雾;snow雪;

drizzle毛毛细雨;light rain小雨;

shower 阵雨;storm 暴风雨;

downpour倾盆大雨;

It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨

thunder 打雷;blizzard大风雪;

snowstorm暴风雪;

weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气;weather in California 意指好天气

经常和天气相联系的情况:

vacation(假期) 和 flight(航班)

(be delayed延误/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。

put away clothes 下雨收衣服;

(13)银行场景:

business hour 营业时间;deposit存款;

withdraw 取款;open an account 开户;

savings account 储蓄账户;

check account 支票账户;

interest rate 利率;cash a check兑现支票

(14)常见的身份与职业:

part-time job 兼职工作;full-time job 全职工作

psychologist心理学家;principal校长;

professor 教授;postman 邮递员;

driver司机;policeman 警察;

firefighter 消防员;assistant 助手/助教;

receptionist接待员;typist 打字员;

cashier收纳;waiter 服务员;

passenger 乘客;ticket seller 售票员;

conductor 售票员,列车长;

salesman销售员;nurse 护士;

housewife 家庭主妇;lawyer律师;

engineer 工程师;architect建筑师;

chef厨师;guide 导游;

reporter/journalist 记者;editor 编辑;

author作家;pianist钢琴家;

musician音乐家;singer歌手;

photographer 摄影师;artist艺术家;

designer设计师;scientist科学家;

barber理发师;butcher屠夫;tailor裁缝

(15)人物关系relationship:

strangers陌生人;neighbors邻居;

classmates同学;colleagues/co-workers同事;

friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻;

guest and receptionist客人与接待员;

doctor and patient医生与病人;

teacher and student师生;

boss and secretary老板和秘书;

policeman and driver警察与司机;

interviewer and interviewee面试官与面试者;

employer and employee 雇主与员工;

shop assistant/waiter and customer营业员与顾客;

parent and child 父母与子女

(16)工作:

job opportunity 工作机会;interview面试;

resume简历;educational background教育背景;

application letter 求职信;recommendation 推荐信;

certificate 助手;qualification资历;

experience 经验;position 职位;salary 薪水;

allowance津贴;promotion晋升;vacation休假;

break 短暂休息;retire 退休;work overtime加班;

shift work 倒班工作;ask for leave 请假;

sick leave 病假;have a week off 休一周假;

clerk职员;secretary秘书;manager经理;

HR manager人事经理;general manager总经理;

client客户

(17)兴趣爱好:

hobby 兴趣;entertainment 娱乐;

go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看电影;

comedy喜剧;tragedy悲剧;

action movie 动作片;cartoon 动画片;

documentary 纪录片;thriller 惊悚片;

horror film恐怖片;detective movie侦探片;

western film西部片;soap opera 肥皂剧

hiking 徒步旅行;camping野营;

diving潜水;surfing冲浪;skiing滑雪;

seashore 海岸;beach海滩;

sun-burnt 晒黑的;palace宫殿;castle城堡

(18)运动:

competition 竞赛;sports field运动场;

club俱乐部;sportsman/athlete/player运动员;

coach教练;champion冠军;

gold/silver/bronze medal金/银/铜牌;

basketball篮球;football美式足球;

soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;

baseball棒球;tennis网球;

table tennis乒乓球;golf高尔夫;

jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;

wrestling摔跤;shooting射击;

boxing拳击;weightlifting举重;

relay race接力赛;

break the world record 打破世界纪录

(19)观光旅游:

vacation/holiday 假日;

historical spots/relics 古迹;scenery 风景;

museum博物馆;mountain山脉;river河流;

lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙滩;

island 岛屿;lawn 草地;temple寺庙;

zoo动物园;

travel/trip/tour/voyage旅行

travel agency 旅行社;

a guided tour 有导游的旅行;

go sightseeing观光;hotel 宾馆;

souvenir 纪念品;ticket 票

景点评论:

fascinating/breathtaking 激动人心的;

thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;

unforgettable难忘的;

terrific/ fantastic极好的;

(20)租房:

landlord 房东;landlady女房东;

rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;

furnished 有家具电器的;furniture 家具;

heat暖气;gas煤气;electricity 电;

lift 电梯;stairs 楼梯;balcony阳台;

living room起居室;guest room客厅;

dinning room 餐厅;kitchen 厨房;

bathroom 浴室;toilet 卫生间;

basement 地下室

(21)日常生活:

housework 家务;channel频道;

cook烹饪;dining table饭桌;fridge冰箱;

television电视;oven烤箱;cabinet 橱柜;

dishwasher洗碗机;sheet床单;

blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗帘;

towel毛巾;shampoo洗发水;

soap肥皂;haircut理发;shaver剃须刀

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