威廉 · 德 · 库宁（Willem de Kooning）——荷兰偷渡客与“折中主义者”
德库宁以“折中主义者”自称，他以人体为绘画主题，特别是女人；并且也加入风景及书写的象征符号来发展他的抽象世界。大部分的女人素描部充满着线条，这是他形式革新的重要标志。然而，画中安静站立的影像随着空洞的眼神与“非环境氛围”，讥讽地表现出人与人的疏离。德库宁画中的女人形象常常龇牙咧嘴，与传统古典美女迥然不同，“自动性操作”则在古典技法的限制中表现个人情感的热情。
德库宁提倡冒险主义，他有时会闭上双眼制作素描，让“意志”自由流泄，透过某种“外在客观的限制”发现新的论述，制作了非预期的画面结构。“反古典”的素描过程成了他制作经典的来源。他也提出“绘画在今日是生活的一种方式”的说法，从真实生活的不纯粹、复杂矛盾中，互相撞击而产生一种介于新、旧之间的“第三形式”。所以德库宁的画作没有一处是确定清楚的，人的身体常常变成抽象的风景。
UNTITLED (STILL LIFE)
signed
double-sided oil and graphite on board
Board: 11¼ by 8¼ in. (28.6 by 21 cm)
Framed: 21½ by 18¼ in. (54.6 by 46.4 cm)
Executed in 1939.
2018 ， LOT SOLD:52,500USD
ABSTRACT
oil on canvas
37 1/4 by 34 1/4 in. 94.6 by 87 cm.
Executed in 1939-1940.
2017 ， LOT SOLD. 855,000 USD
Untitled
oil on board
45 3/8 x 47¼ in. (115.3 x 120 cm.)
Painted in 1942.
Price realised ， USD 5,305,000
UNTITLED
pastel, gouache and charcoal on board
15 by 20 in. 38.1 by 50.8 cm.
Executed circa 1942.
2019 ， Estimate 500,000 — 700,000USD
Study For Marshes
signed 'de Kooning' (lower center)
0il and charcoal on paper mounted on panel
28 7/8 x 22½ in. (73.3 x 57.1 cm.)
Executed in 1945-1946.
Price realised ， USD 4,297,000
Brown and White
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil and charcoal on paper mounted on canvas
25 x 37 in. (63.5 x 94 cm.)
Executed circa 1947.
Price realised ， USD 1,935,000
Sail Cloth
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil, enamel, charcoal and graphite on board
22½ x 29 in. (56.2 x 73.6 cm.)
Painted in 1949.
Price realised ， USD 13,120,000
Woman, Wind, and Window
signed 'De Kooning' (lower right)
oil and enamel on paper mounted on board
24 x 36 in. (60.9 x 91.4 cm.)
Painted in 1950
Price realised ， USD 6,437,000
Woman (Seated Woman I)
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
charcoal, oil and graphite on paper
image: 11 1/8 x 7 5/8 in. (28.3 x 19.5 cm.); sheet: 14½ x 11½ in. (36.8 x 29.3 cm.)
Executed in 1952.
Price realised ， USD 9,648,000
Woman (Blue Eyes)
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil, enamel, and charcoal on two sheets of paper laid down on canvas
28 x 20 in. (71.1 x 50.8 cm.)
Painted in 1953.
Price realised ， USD 19,163,750
Monumental Woman
signed and dedicated 'To Harold Happy Birthday 1954 From Bill' (lower right)
charcoal on paper
285/8 x 22½ in. (72.7 x 57.2 cm.)
Drawn in 1953
Price realised ， USD 2,646,000
UNTITLED [TWO WORKS]
each signed and dedicated to Janit and Carlo from Bill
charcoal on paper laid on canvas
Each: 24 1/4 by 19 1/2 in. 49.5 by 61.5 cm.
Executed in 1954.
2019 , Estimate , 200,000 — 300,000
Woman as Landscape
signed 'de Kooning' (lower left)
oil and charcoal on canvas
65 1/2 x 49 3/8 in. (166.3 x 125.4 cm.)
Painted in 1954-1955.
Price realised ， USD 68,937,500
Composition I
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil on paper laid down on board
23 x 22 3/4 in. (58.4 x 57.7 cm.)
Painted in 1955.
Price realised ， USD 5,712,500
September Morn
signed 'De Kooning' (lower right)
oil on canvas
63 x 49½ in. (160 x 125.7 cm.)
Painted in 1958.
Price realised ， USD 14,725,000
Untitled (Rome Series)
signed and dated 'de Kooning' (lower left)
alkyd and ground pumice on three attached sheets of paper mounted on canvas
55½ x 39¼ in. (141 x 99.4 cm.)
Painted in 1959.
Price realised ， USD 657,000
Untitled
signed 'de Kooning' (lower center)
oil on canvas
80 x 70 in. (203.2 x 177.9 cm.)
Painted in 1961.
Price realised ， USD 10,096,000
UNTITLED (FLOATING WOMAN)
signed
oil on vellum laid on board
24 3/8 by 19 1/2 in. 61.9 by 49.5 cm.
Executed circa 1962.
2018 ， LOT SOLD. 300,000 USD
HIGH POINT
signed
oil on vellum and newsprint collage mounted to Masonite
44 3/4 by 28 3/8 in. 113.7 by 72.1 cm.
Executed in 1964.
2019 , LOT SOLD. 400,000 USD
French Wire
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil on newsprint collage mounted on Masonite
45 1/4 x 30 in. (114.9 x 76.2 cm.)
Painted in 1964.
Price realised ， USD 907,500
Woman, Hand Before Face
signed and dated 'de Kooning 65' (lower right)
oil on paper laid down on board
36 x 23 in. (91.4 x 58.4 cm.)
Painted in 1965.
Price realised ， USD 1,053,750
THE WOMEN
signed
oil on newsprint mounted to canvas
21 3/4 by 27 in. 55.2 by 68.6 cm.
Executed in 1966.
2019 ， LOT SOLD. 300,000 USD
KNEELING WOMAN
oil on paper laid on board
23 1/2 by 11 1/2 in. 59.7 by 29.2 cm.
Executed in 1966.
2019 ， Estimate 120,000 — 180,000USD
Women Singing I
signed 'de Kooning' (lower centre)
oil and charcoal on paper laid down on canvas
36 x 24in. (91.4 x 60.9cm.)
Executed in 1966
Price realised ， GBP 825,250
Man
signed 'de Kooning' (upper right)
oil on paper with thumbtacks laid down on canvas
56 x 42 in. (142.2 x 104.1 cm.)
Executed in 1967.
Price realised ， USD 4,521,000
Woman in the Garden I
signed 'de Kooning' (lower left)
oil on paper mounted on canvas
42 x 29 7/8 in. (106.7 x 75.9 cm.)
Painted in 1967.
Price realised ， USD 2,415,000
Pink Woman Torso
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil on paper mounted on canvas
24 x 19 in. (61 x 48.3 cm.)
Painted in 1967.
Price realised ， USD 372,500
FIGURE WITH RED HAIR
signed
oil on paper mounted to canvas
23 1/4 by 18 1/2 in. 59 by 47 cm.
Executed in 1967.
2019 , LOT SOLD. 644,000 USD
Woman and Child
signed 'de Kooning' (lower left); inscribed 'to Emilie with Love' (on the reverse)
oil on paper laid down on canvas
55 x 36 in. (139.7 x 91.4 cm.)
Painted circa 1967-1968.
Price realised ， USD 6,578,500
EAST HAMPTON III
signed
oil on paper mounted to canvas
41 7/8 by 30 3/8 in. 106 by 77 cm.
Executed in 1968.
2018 ， LOT SOLD. 651,000 USD
Woman in Landscape II
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil on canvas
60 x 48 in. (152.4 x 121.9 cm.)
Painted in 1968.
Price realised ， USD 3,367,500
East Hampton X
signed 'de Kooning' (lower left)
oil on paper laid down on canvas
36½ x 29 5/8 in. (92.7 x 75.2 cm.)
Painted in 1968.
Price realised ， USD 1,142,500
UNTITLED
signed
oil on paper mounted to canvas
40 1/8 by 26 1/4 in. 101.9 by 66.7 cm.
Executed circa 1969.
2019 , LOT SOLD. 524,000 USD
UNTITLED
signed
oil on newspaper mounted to canvas
23 by 29 1/2 in. 58.4 by 49.5 cm.
Executed circa 1969.
2018 ， LOT SOLD. 137,500 USD
Untitled
oil on paper mounted on canvas
64 7/8 x 37 in. (164.8 x 93.9 cm.)
Painted in 1970-1971.
Price realised ， USD 1,085,000
WOMAN ON CLEARWATER BEACH (GRAHAM 5)
Lithograph, 1971, signed in pencil, dated, numbered 34/44 (total edition includes five artist's proofs), with the printer's blindstamp, Hollanders Workshop, published by Knoedler, New York, on J. G. Green paper, framed
image: 600 by 800mm 23½ by 31½in
sheet: 712 by 1200mm 28⅛ by 40¼in
LOT SOLD:4,410GBP
Landscape
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil on two joined sheets of paper laid down on canvas
91.4 x 121.9 cm. (36 x 48 in.)
Painted in 1972
Price realised ， HKD 13,860,000
UNTITLED
signed
oil on paper mounted to canvas
36 by 24 in. 91.4 by 70 cm.
Executed in 1972
2019 ， Estimate ， 400,000 — 600,000USD
Untitled
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right); signed again 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on paper laid down on canvas
41 3/8 x 30 1/8 in. (105 x 76.5 cm.)
Painted in 1974.
Price realised ， USD 2,045,000
UNTITLED X
oil on canvas
77 by 88 in. 195.6 by 232.5 cm.
Executed in 1975.
2019 , LOT SOLD. 12,565,200 USD
SEATED WOMAN
oil on paper laid down on canvas
29 5/8 by 41 1/2 in. 75.3 by 105.4 cm.
Executed in 1975.
2019 , LOT SOLD. 800,000 USD
Untitled IV
signed 'de Kooning' (on the stretcher)
oil on canvas
70¼ x 80 in. (177.8 x 203.2 cm.)
Painted in 1975.
Price realised ， USD 12,081,000
Untitled XI
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
60¼ x 54 in. (153 x 137.2 cm.)
Painted in 1975-1976.
Price realised ， USD 7,362,500
EAST HAMPTON GARDEN PARTY
signed; dated 1976 and inscribed Happy Birthday darling Emilie on the reverse
oil on paper mounted on canvas
30 by 40 ⅜ in. 76.2 by 102.4 cm.
Executed in 1975-1976.
LOT SOLD:2,180,000USD
'东汉普顿花园派对'EAST HAMPTON GARDEN PARTY 超越了画布的界限，呈现出无拘无束的笔触和绚丽的色彩，是威廉·德·库宁富有传奇色彩的创作生涯中令人惊叹的创作先驱的杰作。这幅画创作于1975年-76年，标志着艺术转型的关键时刻。在经过多年的主要探索雕塑工作后，de Kooning带着新发现的激情回到画坛，创作出一组色彩艳丽，色彩艳丽的画布，跻身最优秀的画布之列。他著名作品的成就。东汉普顿花园派对将早期绘画的姿态强度和掩盖的形象以及他1980年代后期的杰作的感性的，带状的抒情性进行了惊人的综合，这是对艺术转变的这一关键时刻的引人注目的提炼；德库宁无与伦比的绘画技艺比在充满本作品的明亮的蓝色和金丝雀黄的饱和领域中更清晰，其闪闪发光的轮廓提供了形式的微妙暗示，而从未放弃坚决的抽象。在不拘一格的绘画热情表达中，本作品反映了德·库宁在这段时间从另一个新发现的人那里获得的巨大灵感：艾米丽·S·基尔戈尔（Emilie S. Kilgore）是德·库宁的密友和这个奇异的缪斯女神。通过在汉普顿一家晚宴上的一次偶然的机会介绍，两人立即彼此着迷，开始了长达多年的亲密友谊。东汉普顿花园聚会在其生日那天献给艾米丽（Emilie）致敬的爱心题词，至今已保留在基尔戈尔（Kilgore）家庭收藏中已有四十年之久。时至今日，这幅画已成为经久不衰的证明，不仅体现了它们之间的非凡关系，还体现了由此产生的抽象杰作。
“东汉普顿花园派对”以愉悦的色彩和形式将观众笼罩着，强有力地体现了德·库宁令人振奋的热情，在崭新而空前的灵感来源的推动下，他于1975年以崭新的创造力回到画坛。实际上，de Kooning和Emilie于1970年8月首次相遇，当时这两个人是在共同的朋友举办的夏季晚餐聚会上被介绍的。尽管年龄差异很大，艾米丽还是被德库宁深深吸引。她回忆起当晚，她说：“我有点不知所措……我想我没有意识到其他任何事情。我们只是聊了一下，直视了很长时间。然后他要走了……他说：“我还能再见到你吗？”（Emilie S. Kilgore着：Mark Stevens和Annalyn Swan，de Kooning：美国大师，纽约，2007年，第1页。 536）几天后，两人在公会馆外相遇，骑了很长的自行车，开始了一段友谊，此友谊在接下来的十年中成为了艺术家一生中最重要的关系之一；夏末艾米丽（Emilie）回到休斯敦（Houston）时，两人开始了长期而热情的书面书信往来。为了向初次见面致敬，东汉普顿花园聚会是de Kooning多年来向Emilie展示的几幅精选作品之一。在附带一份这样的礼物的信中，他宣称：“我将我所有的画献给你。” （同上，第550页）
保持de Kooning出色的触感和流畅的手腕的明显痕迹，本作品的绘画即时性和多色强度证明了艺术家对欧洲后印象派画家的持续钦佩。的确，东汉普顿花园聚会（East Hampton Garden Party）令人着迷的活力和流畅的气氛，特别唤起人们对阿卡迪亚（Arcadia）绚丽，色彩浸透的风景的印象，正如马蒂斯（Matisse）崇敬的野兽派杰作《勒·博涅尔·德·维尔（Le Bonheur de Vivre）》（1905-06）所描绘的那样；德·库宁对后印象派大师的深刻钦佩证明了他的深刻印象，后大师对色彩和光线的远见卓识对他的创作发展起着决定性的作用，也许对马蒂斯作品的某些描述最能雄辩地概括了本作品的艺术抽象。 ：“我们不再需要一遍又一遍地阅读这些数字，而只是被邀请让我们自己被多色的编排和节奏性的组织所侵扰，可以说，必须一次呼吸就可以理解，而不是逐渐地意识到通过细致的细节积累；图片的空间就是我们真正呼吸的空间”（乔治·杜塞特，“ Matisse和拜占庭空间”，过渡49，第5期，1949年，第20-37页）。
“东汉普顿花园派对”呈现出饱和色调的闪闪发光的地形，有力地唤起了德库宁在长岛的家的冒泡自然之美。确实，随着德库宁与艾米莉（Emilie）的友谊日渐发展，从重新发现的新鲜视线来看，他对沿海家园的热爱也是如此。在此期间，海洋上灿烂的阳光，波涛汹涌的海浪拍打在沙滩上，小径旁的一堆翠绿的沙滩草（全部被本作品所包裹）被德库宁迷住了，使他想起了他在荷兰的家。德库宁在谈到哈罗德·罗森伯格时对当前的作品颇有回味，他说：“当光线射向海洋时，水面上会有一种灰色的光线……几乎是难以形容的色调。我开始与他们合作，并坚持要他们给我我想要的那种光。一个正在照亮草地。那变成了绿色。一个正在照亮水面。那变成了灰色。然后我又得到了几种颜色，因为有人可能在那里，或者划艇或发生了什么事。我做得很好。我在想要进入的氛围中开始绘画。” （艺术家引用：哈罗德·罗森伯格（Harold Rosenberg），“威廉·德·库宁的采访”，ARTnews 71，1972年9月，第58页）
“东汉普顿花园派对”色彩鲜艳，姿态华丽，代表了德库宁1975年至1978年的经典绘画，其丰富而饱满的表面成为20世纪艺术史上标志性的画布之一。同时，de Kooning笔刷的感性曲线像许多波峰一样蜿蜒穿过本作品的表面，巧妙地预示了书法线性，这将定义他接下来十年的晚期杰作。东汉普顿花园派对的光芒四射，精巧地包裹着这一开创性的时刻，最终提供了所有人中最稀有的体验：亲眼目睹了德库宁本身的灵感世界。
Untitled
oil on canvas
59 x 54 ¾ in. (150 x 139 cm.)
Painted in 1975-1977.
Price realised ， USD 4,115,000
Untitled XVIII
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
59 1/2 x 55 in. (151.1 x 139.7 cm.)
Painted in 1976.
Price realised ， USD 10,887,500
Figures in a Landscape #2
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on paper laid down on canvas
30 1/4 x 35 1/8 in. (76.8 x 89.2 cm.)
Painted in 1976.
Price realised ， USD 1,565,000
Untitled XXXI
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
54 x 60 in. (137.1 x 152.4 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ， USD 21,165,000
Untitled XXV
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
77 x 88 in. (195.7 x 223.5 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ， USD 66,327,500
Willem de Kooning (1904-1997)
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
70 x 80 in. (177.8 x 203.2 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ， USD 19,921,000
Untitled VIII
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
70 x 80 in. (177.8 x 203.2 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ， USD 32,085,000
UNTITLED
oil on canvas
54 by 60 in. 137.1 by 152.4 cm.
Executed in 1977.
Untitled XVII
oil on canvas
60 x 54¼ in. (152.4 x 137.8 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ， USD 7,321,000
UNTITLED
signed
oil on newsprint mounted on canvas
23 1/4 by 29 1/4 in. 59.1 by 74.3 cm.
Executed circa 1977.
2018 ， LOT SOLD. 106,250 USD
Untitled
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
88 x 76¾ in. (223.5 x 194.9 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ， USD 10,656,000
Untitled
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on paper laid down on canvas
30¼ x 41½ in. (76.8 x 105.4 cm.)
Painted in 1977.
Price realised ，USD 722,500
UNTITLED XXII
signed on the stretcher
oil on canvas
70 by 80 in. 177.8 by 203.2 cm.
Executed in 1977.
2019 , LOT SOLD. 30,105,800 USD
Untitled III
signed ‘de Kooning’ (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
76 5/8 x 87 3/8 in. (194.6 x 221.9 cm)
Painted in 1978.
Price realised ， USD 14,725,000
Untitled I
signed 'de Kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
80 ½ x 70 ¼ in. (204.4 x 178.4 cm.)
Painted in 1979.
Price realised ， USD 10,149,500
FIGURES IN LANDSCAPE VI
Offset lithograph printed in colors, 1980, signed in pencil, dated and numbered 76/100 (total edition includes 50 artist's proofs), on wove paper, published by the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, framed
image: 794 by 712 mm 31¼ by 28 in
sheet: 925 by 813 mm 36⅜ by 32 in
LOT SOLD:12,500USD
Untitled I
signed 'de kooning' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
80 x 70 in. (203.2 x 177.8 cm.)
Painted in 1980
Price realised ， USD 14,082,500
Untitled I
signed 'de Kooning' (lower right)
oil and charcoal on canvas
88 x 77 in. (223.5 x 195.6 cm.)
Painted in 1981
Price realised ， USD 19,080,000
THE MAN AND THE BIG BLONDE
Offset lithograph printed in colors, 1982, signed in pencil and numbered 18/150, on wove paper, published by The Rainbow Art Foundation, Inc., New York, framed
image: 540 by 681 mm 21¼ by 26¾ in
2019 ， LOT SOLD:11,875USD
Untitled XVIII
oil on canvas
80 x 70 in. (203.2 x 177.8 cm.)
Painted in 1982.
Price realised ， USD 9,125,000
Untitled XIX
oil and charcoal on canvas
80 x 70 in. (203.2 x 177.8 cm.)
Painted in 1982.
Price realised ， USD 14,262,500
Untitled XXIV
oil on canvas
77 x 88 in. (195.5 x 223.5 cm.)
Painted in 1982.
Price realised ， USD 17,525,000
Untitled V
signed 'de Kooning' (on the stretcher)
oil on canvas
88 x 77 in. (223.5 x 195.6 cm.)
Painted in 1983.
Price realised ， USD 8,482,500
Untitled XXVIII
oil on canvas
88 x 77 in. (223.5 x 195.6 cm.)
Painted in 1983
Price realised ， USD 3,666,500
Untitled XXIX
signed 'de Kooning' (on the stretcher)
oil on canvas
77 x 88 in. (195.6 x 223.5 cm.)
Painted in 1986.
Price realised ， USD 4,477,000
Untitled XVIII
signed 'de Kooning' (on the stretcher)
oil on canvas
70 x 80in. (178.1 x 203.2cm.)
Painted in 1986
Price realised ， GBP 2,729,250
Untitled
oil on canvas
88 x 77 in. (224 x 196 cm.)
Painted in 1987
Price realised ， USD 4,786,500
威廉·德·库宁（Willem de Kooning）（1904年4月24日－1997年3月19日）是抽象表现主义艺术运动的重要艺术家之一。他也许是1950年开始创作的《女人系列》中最著名的画作，其特征是近乎剧烈的身体分裂，部分是受毕加索的立体主义的启发，但通过强有力的，激进的笔触切开了厚厚的油漆。
德·库宁（De Kooning）于1904年出生于荷兰鹿特丹。1926年，他乘坐英国货运船的偷渡者来到美国，前往阿根廷，并跳船到弗吉尼亚的纽波特纽斯（Newport News），前往新泽西，然后到曼哈顿打零工。只要有可能，德库宁就会画画。他与艺术家约翰·格雷厄姆（John Graham），斯图尔特·戴维斯（Stuart Davis）和阿尔希勒·高尔基（Arshile Gorky）建立了友谊，这对de Kooning的艺术家发展尤其重要。像1930年代的许多艺术家一样，他加入了艺术家联盟，并在作品进度管理部门工作。在1930年代和1940年代初期，德·库宁（De Kooning）创作了一系列肖像画，包括他著名的《与虚构的兄弟》（Portrait with Imaginary Brother）肖像，其中包括艺术家与高尔基（Gorky）的肖像。
1938年，德·库宁（de Kooning）遇到了画家伊莱恩·弗里德（Elaine Fried），并于1943年结婚。到1940年代中期，这位画家开始了他的黑白抽象创作-1948年在查尔斯·伊根画廊（Charles Egan Gallery）的第一个人展。单一地坚持塑像，同时进行绘画上的身体抹除。
Elaine de Kooning and Willem de Kooning in East Hampton, New York, 1953. Elaine de Kooning (1918-1989) was a Brooklyn-born abstract expressionist and semi-realistic painter, while her husband, Willem de Kooning (1904-1997), was an influential Dutch-America
尽管与伊莱恩（Elaine）长期分居，但从未离婚并于1976年团聚，住在他们的朋友杰克逊·波洛克（Jackson Pollock）和李·克拉斯纳（Lee Krasner）附近的东汉普顿（East Hampton），直到1997年他去世，享年92岁。 Kooning在纽约的Egan画廊和Sidney Janis画廊中始终如一地展示着De Kooning的作品在世界各地的博物馆收藏中，包括纽约现代艺术博物馆，赫希霍恩博物馆和雕塑花园，华盛顿特区，阿姆斯特丹Stedelijk博物馆，以及堪培拉的澳大利亚国家美术馆。对艺术家在拍卖会上的作品的渴望强烈。据苏富比的梅·摩西（Mei Moses）称，2003年至2017年，威廉·德·库宁（Willem de Kooning）在拍卖会上转售的平均复合年收益率为10.2％，其中99件此类作品的增值幅度为87.9％。
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盖蒂和亚利桑那大学合作保存长期遗失的威廉·德·库宁画作
AMY HOOD | MARCH 18, 2019 | 3 MIN READ
Woman-Ochre in August 2017, shortly after it was recovered in New Mexico and returned to the University of Arizona Museum of Art. Woman-Ochre, 1954–55, Willem de Kooning. Oil on canvas, 30 x 40 in. © 2019 The Willem de Kooning Foundation / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
威廉·德·库宁（Willem de Kooning）是抽象表现主义运动的开拓者和领导人之一，该运动始于第二次世界大战之后的纽约。 1950年，他开始了自己最著名的作品《女人》系列。该系列在毕加索（Picasso）的大力影响下，以其想象人物的方式被认为具有里程碑意义。
该系列中的一幅画作《女人-赭色》（1954-55年）于1958年由收藏家爱德华·约瑟夫·加拉格尔（Edward Joseph Gallagher，Jr）赠予亚利桑那大学艺术博物馆（UAMA）。 de Kooning和美国主要博物馆的相关艺术家。
University of Arizona staff at the inspection and authentication of the recovered de Kooning painting. Woman-Ochre, 1954–55, Willem de Kooning. Oil on canvas, 30 x 40 in. Artwork © 2019 The Willem de Kooning Foundation / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. Photo: Bob Demers/UANews
1985年感恩节后的第二天，女子-牛从大学博物馆失窃。那天早上，博物馆开馆时，一男一女跟着博物馆的工作人员。该名男子上楼并从其框架上切下《女人-赭色》时，该名女子分散了保安人员的注意力，将帆布从其支撑物上撕下来并卷起来掩盖。两人赶出博物馆，再也没有回来。他们在博物馆里不到15分钟。
直到2017年8月，这幅画一直失踪了三十多年，当时古董商David Van Auker在亚利桑那州一对夫妇的遗体拍卖中购买了包括画作在内的一组家具和艺术品。当这幅画在他的新墨西哥州商店中展出时，一些顾客评论了这幅画与de Kooning作品的相似之处，促使Van Auker对艺术家进行研究，并将其购买的画作与1985年的盗窃案联系起来。范·欧克（Van Auker）与UAMA的工作人员联系，后者前往新墨西哥取回这幅画并将其带回图森博物馆。尽管发现了这幅画，但盗窃尚未解决。 FBI正在调查谁偷了这幅画。
一旦这幅画被送回博物馆，保管者就可以仔细检查它，并将其与抢劫后保存下来的那幅经裁切的帆布残迹相匹配，确认这幅画实际上是《女人色》。这幅画在盗窃和数十年的失踪期间遭到严重破坏，现在需要专业护理。
University of Arizona staff at the inspection and authentication of the recovered de Kooning painting. Woman-Ochre, 1954–55, Willem de Kooning. Oil on canvas, 30 x 40 in. Artwork © 2019 The Willem de Kooning Foundation / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. Photo: Bob Demers/UANews
通过与亚利桑那大学的协议，盖蒂博物馆的保管人和盖蒂保护研究所的科学家将共同研究，维修，清洁，保存和记录这幅画。这项工作将包括将其与原始框架重新结合，以及修复和恢复盗窃后遗留下来并自1985年以来由UAMA保留的画布残余。