初中英语 ---- 形容词和副词

比较级和最高级

一、含义：

比较级：两者间的比较

最高级：三者或三者以上的比较

二、形容词副词比较级最高级的构成

1.规则变法口诀：直去双改多

1）直；直接 +er/est:

richer/est   shorter/est  harder/est

2) 去；以不发音e结尾，去e+er/est:

nicer/est   cuter/est

3) 双：重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音+er/est:

hotter/hottest    bigger/est  thinner/est

4) 改：辅音加y，改y为i+er:

happier/est    easier/est

5) 多：多音节加more:

more/most beautiful

2.不规则变法口诀：

good-better-best

bad/badly-worse-worst

well-better-best

ill-worse-worst

many-more-most

few-fewer-fewest

much-more-most

little-less-least

old-older-oldest（年龄较大）

old-elder-eldest (辈分较高），如：

elder brother 哥哥

far-farther-farthest（距离远）

far-further-furthest(程度远，如 further study: 深造)

3.比较级原则口诀：

①单单相比

-The apple is bigger than that one.

②复复相比

-My books are heavier than her books.

③同类相比

-His head is bigger than mine.

三、句型：常考短语和句型

1.原级

Tigers are as dangerous as lions.

1)as +adj./adv.原级+ as,A和B一样

This apple is as big as that one.

2)not so/as +adj./adv.原级+ as,A不如B

This apple is not so/as big as that one.

Evan is as handsome as Nay.

Evan is not as/so handsome as Nay.

2.比较级-递增比较

Elephants are bigger than zebras.

1) adj./adv.比较级+than  比….更…….

his apple is bigger than that one.

2) 修饰比较级的词：much, a lot, far, even, still, a little, a bit, any

I am a little more handsome than Evan.

3.特殊句型

1) 比较级 + and + 比较级

Rambo is becoming fatter and fatter.

Cars are getting cheaper and cheaper.

Houses are getting more and more expensive.

2) The+比较级，the+比较级… 越…，越…

The harder you work, the higher scores you will get.

The more you eat, the stronger you will be.

3) one of the + adj.最高级 + 名词

You are one of the most clever students in China.

4) the + 序数词 + adj.最高级 + 名词

Elephants are the second largest animals in the world.

四、最高级

1.原则：三者或三者以上比较

2.最高级+of+与主语相同的性质：

She is the tallest of the girls.

最高级+in+与主语不同的性质：

She is the tallest in the class.

3.最......之一：one of +the+最高级+名词复数：

Mozart is one of the most famous

musicians in the world.

4.最高级不加the的情况

*已有其他修饰词。my best friend。

*副词最高级。run fastest