cmake与qmake

cmake

cmake是自动生成makefile的工具,编写txt文件,CMakeLists.txt,调用cmake编译CMakeLists.txt来生成

  • make可以识别的Makefile
  • ninja可以识别的build.ninja
  • visual studio工程
  • 等等其他各种工程
    调用cmake -h能看到cmake支持的生成的工程模板

例子 cmake qt项目

qtcreator创建一个cmake类型的项目,得到的cmakelists如下

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)     //指定cmake需求的最低cmake版本project(helloCmake LANGUAGES CXX)         //创建项目set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)   //set语句,定义变量,为变量赋值,CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR是cmake自带的变量,设置为ON则自动将当前源和构建目录添加到包含路径。默认是OFF// https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-variables.7.html 这里可以查看所有的cmake自带变量set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)    //qt相关 调用uic.exe把.ui文件编译成标准c  文件set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON) //qt相关  调用moc.exe把qt的扩展语法(Q_OBJECT)编译成标准c  语法set(CMAKE_AUTORCC ON) //qt相关  调用rcc.exe把资源文件.qrc编译成标准c  文件set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)     //设置c  语言标准set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)  //设置需求最低c  标准# QtCreator supports the following variables for Android, which are identical to qmake Android variables.# Check https://doc.qt.io/qt/deployment-android.html for more information.# They need to be set before the find_package(...) calls below.#if(ANDROID)#    set(ANDROID_PACKAGE_SOURCE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/android")#    if (ANDROID_ABI STREQUAL "armeabi-v7a")#        set(ANDROID_EXTRA_LIBS#            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/path/to/libcrypto.so#            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/path/to/libssl.so)#    endif()#endif()find_package(QT NAMES Qt6 Qt5 COMPONENTS Core Quick LinguistTools REQUIRED)find_package(Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR} COMPONENTS Core Quick LinguistTools REQUIRED)set(TS_FILES helloCmake_zh_CN.ts)set(PROJECT_SOURCES        main.cpp        qml.qrc        ${TS_FILES})if(${QT_VERSION_MAJOR} GREATER_EQUAL 6)    qt_add_executable(helloCmake        ${PROJECT_SOURCES}    )    qt_create_translation(QM_FILES ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR} ${TS_FILES})else()    if(ANDROID)        add_library(helloCmake SHARED            ${PROJECT_SOURCES}        )    else()        add_executable(helloCmake          ${PROJECT_SOURCES}        )    endif()    qt5_create_translation(QM_FILES ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR} ${TS_FILES})endif()target_compile_definitions(helloCmake  PRIVATE $<$<OR:$<CONFIG:Debug>,$<CONFIG:RelWithDebInfo>>:QT_QML_DEBUG>)target_link_libraries(helloCmake  PRIVATE Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Core Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Quick)

在qt creator中可以看到编译过程
qtcreator的编译不是直接调用cmake而是为cmake添加了很多参数,而且这些参数都是以变量的形式存在的 比如 %{Qt:qmakeExecutable}

-GNinja  #使用ninja(替代make)-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:String=Debug -DQT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE:STRING=%{Qt:qmakeExecutable}-DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH:STRING=%{Qt:QT_INSTALL_PREFIX}-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER:STRING=%{Compiler:Executable:C}-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER:STRING=%{Compiler:Executable:Cxx}

在qt的配置页面是可以看到这些变量值的。

修改下qtcreator中的参数,用真实值代替qtcreator的变量,下面是用mingw32编译器的配置,注意最后四条要对应:c编译器、c 编译器、qmake、搜索路径

上面命令我另外添加了-Bbuild是为了指定生成目录,要在项目目录下先创建一个build文件夹

-GNinja   N要大写-Bbuild-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:String=Debug-DQT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE:STRING=C:/Qt/5.15.2/mingw81_32/bin/qmake.exe-DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH:STRING=C:/Qt/5.15.2/mingw81_32-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER:STRING=C:/Qt/Tools/mingw810_32/bin/gcc.exe-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER:STRING=C:/Qt/Tools/mingw810_32/bin/g  .exe

注意不要有换行符,上面是为了看起来方便,实际命令如下:

cmake -GNinja -Bbuild -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:String=Debug -DQT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE:STRING=C:/Qt/5.15.2/mingw81_32/bin/qmake.exe -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH:STRING=C:/Qt/5.15.2/mingw81_32 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER:STRING=C:/Qt/Tools/mingw810_32/bin/gcc.exe -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER:STRING=C:/Qt/Tools/mingw810_32/bin/g  .exe

然后cd到build目录执行 ninja(需要先配置ninja的环境变量)

来源:https://www.icode9.com/content-4-829001.html

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