人文湖南 | 慢品社区老房子 · 赵宏本旧居
乌鲁木齐中路148弄4号（赵宏本旧居）
赵宏本旧居位于乌鲁木齐中路148弄4号，为花园里弄住宅。乌鲁木齐中路148弄原名琪美新村，建于1941年。
房屋为三层砖木结构，一层设有架空层，建筑平面近似矩形。房屋外立面为涂料饰面，一层有水泥墙裙，钢门窗；南立面设有阳台，混凝土悬挑梁板结构；檐口、阳台等部位设有白色长条线脚；机制平瓦坡屋盖，木结构挑檐。一层入口位于房屋西侧，入口小门厅及一层走道地面均为水磨石饰面。
房屋一至三层平面布局相似，沿西侧楼梯间分别分布有亭子间、卫生间和居住房间；室内走道及房间楼面基本为硬木长条地板。木结构双跑楼梯，木踏步、木扶手。
赵宏本简介
赵宏本（1915—2000），祖籍江苏阜宁，生于上海，笔名张卿、张弓，现代连环画家。
1932年，到上海民众书局投师学画连环画。1937年进日章夜校学习。1940年后，赵宏本陆续绘制了《上海即景》《天堂与地狱》《阿Q正传》等一批具有爱国思想、进步意义的连环画本。赵宏本的作品当时深受读者欢迎，在连环画界也有很高的声誉，与朱润斋、周云舫、沈曼云合称上海连环画“四大名旦”。1947年，加入中国共产党。1949年5月，任上海新声出版社社长。
中华人民共和国成立后，历任新华书店华东总分店编辑部连环画组副组长、华东人民出版社连环画科副科长、新美术出版社编辑部副主任、上海人民美术出版社连环画创作室主任。为中国美术家协会会员、中国美协上海分会常务理事、中国连环画研究会副会长、中国出版工作者协会上海分会理事。毕生创作出版连环画三百五十余部。其中与钱笑呆合作的《孙悟空三打白骨精》获第一届全国连环画创作评奖绘画一等奖。另有代表作国画人物长卷《水浒一百零八将》等。
赵宏本
缘结“美猴王”
拍摄电视剧《西游记》时，六小龄童多次前往赵宏本家中拜访。赵宏本向六小龄童讲述了连环画《孙悟空三打白骨精》的创作过程，他希望六小龄童在塑造美猴王时能汲取戏曲艺术精华。讲到戏曲人物与连环画人物、影视剧人物艺术表现形式区别时，赵宏本说：“戏曲中的猴戏注重动态，讲究身段，唱念做打，一板一眼的不能走样，而影视剧及连环画中更注重的是真实感，孙悟空既要有猴性，又要有人性，它就是人性与猴性的结合体”。说到兴起，赵宏本当即起身，就地取材，将一把扫帚扛在肩上，双腿微屈，惟妙惟肖地学起了猴子走路。六小龄童见了，连忙起身，跟在先生身旁，亦步亦趋也学了起来。这一老一少，左摇右摆，耸肩缩背，蹒跚而行，之后两人相视，忍俊不禁，开怀大笑起来。电视剧播出后，赵宏本还开玩笑说六小龄童饰演的孙悟空在《智激美猴王》中披的红斗篷及一些动作是脱胎于他的连环画《孙悟空三打白骨精》，应该付他稿费。
赵宏本（右）和六小龄童（左）
赵宏本 （邬海佳画）
Introduction of former
residence of ZHAO Hongben
The former residence of ZHAO Hongben is located at No. 4 in Alley 148 on Middle Urumqi Road. Built in 1941, the house has a former name of Qimei New Village, which is of garden residence in alley.
The house is of a three-storied structure of brick and wood with the first floor built on stilts, and the building plane is approximately rectangular. The facade of the house has paint veneer and the first floor has a layer of cement wainscot. The whole building has steel doors and windows. At the south facade, there are balconies with a structure of concrete cantilevered slab. Cornices, balcony and other parts have white long architrave; the roof has gentle slopes covered with flat tiles made by machines and the overhanging eaves are made of wooden structure. The entrance of the first floor is at the west side of the house. Both the small hall at the entrance and the aisle on the first floor have waterstone veneer.
The layouts from the first to third floors are similar. Along the west side of the staircases are the garret, bathroom and living room. The interior aisles and room floors are basically made of hardwood stripes. The stairs are straight with landings in wooden structure with wooden steps and handrails.
ZHAO Hongben (1915-2000) was born in Shanghai, with his ancestral family from Funing County in Jiangsu province. As a modern comic strips artist, he wrote under the pen names of ZHANG Qing and ZHANG Gong.
In 1932, he was admitted into the Shanghai People’s Bookstore to learn painting comic strips from masters and then he studied in Rizhang Night School in 1937. In 1939, he created a number of comic strips such as Shanghai Scenery, Heaven and Hell and so on, telling anecdotes of the past to allude to the present and reflecting the tragic life of the war-stricken people. In 1947, he joined the Communist Party of China. Later he successively created and published over 120 comic books such as WEN Tianxiang and The True Story of Ah Q. In the 1940s, together with ZHU Runzhai, ZHOU Yunfang and SHEN Manyun, he enjoyed the reputation of “Four Famous Creators” in the circle of comic strips creation. Before and after the liberation of Shanghai in May of 1949, he started up the New Voice Press and served as its president.
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he successively held the posts of deputy head of the Comic Division of the Editorial Department of East China Branch of Xinhua Bookstore, deputy chief of the Comic Strips Section of East China People’s Publishing House, deputy director of the Editorial Department of New Fine Arts Publishing House and director of the Comic Strips Studio of Shanghai People’s Fine Arts Publishing House. Also he was member of China Artists Association, executive director of Shanghai Branch of China Artists Association, vice chairman of China Comic Strips Research Society and director of Shanghai Branch of the Publishers Association of China. He spent all his life composing and publishing more than three hundred and fifty comic books. Among the works, Monkey Subdues the White-Bone Demon, which he created together with QIAN Xiaodai, won the first prize of the First National Comic Painting Award. He also has other masterpieces such as the traditional Chinese painting scroll Outlaws of Marsh 108 Warriors and so on.
Among so many literati all across the country, it is a slim chance for one to encounter and be acquainted with another. Therefore, it must be extremely lucky to become intimate friends after their encounter and acquaintance. In this sense, it is a great luckychance for Liuxiaolingtong to get to know Mr. ZHAO Hongben and to form ties of friendship due to monkey. During the shooting of the TV series The Pilgrimage to the West, Liuxiaolingtong paid several visits to him. They were like old friends at their first meeting and always had long heart-to-heart talks, so a wonderful bond was built between both “Monkey Kings”.
He told Liuxiaolingtong about the creation process of Monkey Subdues the White-Bone Demon, about how to draw lessons from the opera and the comic strips of peers and predecessors in order to create charming images characterized by unique styles, beautiful figures and distinctive personalities, especially the relationship between stories and emotions of each page. He expected Liuxiaolingtong to draw the essence from the Chinese operas and shape the distinctive image of Monkey King on the screen on the basis of his own features and advantages. When it came to the differences in artistic presentation of characters in opera, comic strips and movie & TV plays, he said, “In traditional Chinese operas, the performers acting as the monkeys should focus on their dynamic nature and postures and strictly adopt four traditional performing techniques, while in movie & TV plays as well as in comic strips, the character of Monkey King is actually a combination of human nature and monkey. So the lifelike performance is indispensable.” When talking excitedly, he rose to his feet right away and put a broom on his shoulder to imitate the monkey’s walks. With his legs bent, his imitation was quite vivid and lifelike. This scene encouraged Liuxiaolingtong to stand up and follow his behaviors. These two persons, old and young, waddled left and right with their shoulders hunched and backs bowed. They looked at each other then and burst into laughter. After the TV plays were put on, he said jokingly that the red cloak and some actions of the Monkey King in Cleverly Stimulating the Monkey King were derived from his comic strip Monkey Subdues the White-Bone Demon, so Liuxiaolingtong should pay him some royalties.
Monkey Subdues the White-Bone Demon, the comic strip created by ZHAO Hongben, was drawn from Shaoxing Opera performed by Liulingtong, and it inspired Liuxiaolingtong to complete the classic TV play and become a typical Monkey King. ZHAO’s works also influenced generations of art lovers and even exerted a great impact on the creation of the modern TV play The Pilgrimage to the West. As it is said, the characters of the Monkey King in comic strips and TV plays will carry forward from one generation to another.
信息来源：《200031——一个历史街区的文化记忆》