如何申请课题?学位写论文从哪入手?要先弄明白这5个研究要素
浙江大学博士生导师李红涛为湖南省研究生做了一场线上讲座——《质性研究的想象力与笨功夫:研究设计的逻辑与落地》,不仅是对研究生,对于刚刚入门学术研究的青年教师,同样是非常实用。
一、研究目标(Goals or purpose)
要想做研究,首先是要想清楚你的研究目标是什么?也就是回答,为什么他值得研究?
是为了自己的毕业需求、课程论文需要、基金课题需要,能够解决什么,能够带来怎样的实践意义,能够为政策制定者提供什么帮助?
能够为他人、为该领域,为学术圈带来什么突破呢?
- Why is your study worth doing ?
- What issues do you want to clarify, and what practices and policies do you want to influence?
- Why do you want to conduct this study, and why should we care about the results?
二、概念框架(Conceptual framework)
在前期的文献综述基础上,有哪些相关的前人发现,可解释性强的理论,可以进行概念操作。或者是你个人的经验或理解,能够为你研究的话题、对象提供怎么样的帮助?
- What do you think is going on with the issues, settings, or people you plan to study?
- What theories ,beliefs, and prior research findings will guide or inform your research, and what literature, preliminary studies, and personal experience will you draw on for understanding the people or issues you are studying?
三、研究问题(research questions)
每一个做学术的,都会经历一个灵魂拷问,“你的研究问题是什么?” 同时,你还要说服你的导师,或者委员会专家们,它确实是一个真问题。
而所有的努力都是基于对问题的好奇,想要去解决问题之上的。
- what,specifically,do you want to learn or understand by doing this study?
- What do you not know about the things you are studying that you want to learn?
- What questions will your research attempt to answer, and how are these questions related to one another?
四、研究方法(methods)
研究方法是指导我们去找寻答案的工具,基于我们的研究目标和研究对象,选择合适的研究范式,比如质性研究、量化研究或者是混合研究,在此基础上,在确定合适的研究方法。
- What will you actually do in conducting this study?
- What approaches and techniques will you use to collect and analyze your data, and how do these constitute an integrated strategy?
五、研究效度(validity)
研究效度,简而言之就是怎么证明你的研究结果是可靠的,值得信赖的。
记得年初,一个师姐的博士开题报告中,指出她要做新加坡的学前教学方法。答辩组导师一直质疑,为什么选择新加坡?另一个师兄的开题,location是浙江,答辩老师同样质疑,why?不能因为你是浙江人,或者你的研究生是在浙江完成的,就能够说服我。
- How might your results and conclusions be wrong?
- What are the plausible alternative interpretation and validity threats to these, and how will you deal with these?
- How can the data that you have, or that you could potentially collect, support or challenge your ideas about what is going on?
- Why should we believe your results?
不惯是课题申请,还是开题报告,这几个研究要素,想清楚了吗?如果自己都没想清楚,那自然是没办法说服别人的。