消防安全:住家危险物品消防安全(双语)

Practicing home hazardous materials safety is important in preventing home fires. Many people use chemicals in their homes safely every day, but as the number of chemical products increases, the risk for improper use and injury also increases.
学习住家危险物品安全对防止住家火灾是很重要的。许多人每天在住家安全地使用化学物品,但是当化学产品的数量增加时,不当使用及受伤的风险同样也增加了。
What Are Household Hazardous Materials?
(住家危险物品是什么?)
When most of us think of "hazardous materials," we picture trucks full of chemicals,factories, or dumps oozing slime. However, every home can be a warehouse of hazardous materials, containing items such as:
当我们大部份的人想到「危险物品」时,我们会想象装满化学物质的卡车、工厂、或渗出软泥的垃圾场。然而,每个家庭都可能是危险物品的仓库,包括下列物品:
Automotive fluids(车用液体)
Barbecue products(烤肉产品)
Batteries(电池)
Health and beauty products(健康及美容产品)
Home maintenance products(居家维修产品)
Household cleaners(住家清洁剂)
Laundry products(洗衣产品)
Lawn and garden products(草皮及园艺产品)
Medicines and medical supplies(医药及医疗补给品)
Paints and thinners(油漆及稀释剂)

Inaddition, asbestos or lead paint present in older homes, and mercury in compact fluorescent light bulbs(CFLs), may become exposed during or after a home fire.

(此外,在老式住宅出现的石棉及含铅油漆、省电灯泡中的水银,都可能在住家火灾期间或之后暴露出来。)
How Can I Make My Home Safer?
(我要如何让家里更安全?)
Home hazardous materials can pose serious fire, health, or environmental hazards. Forthese reasons, proper use, storage and disposal of hazardous materials at home is extremely important.
(住家危险物品可能造成严重的火灾、健康或环境的危害。因此,适当的使用、储存及处理家中的危险物品是非常重要的。)

Use and Storage Tips(使用及储存之守则)
Buy only the amount of product that you need to reduce the quantity of hazardous materials in storage.

(只购买你需要使用的数量,以减少储存危险物品的数量。)

Familiarize yourself with each product, its location, and purpose.

(让自己熟悉每种产品、它的位置及目的。)

Follow use and storage instructions on the product’s label. Mixing some products can

create deadly poisonous fumes or cause fires.
(遵循产品卷标上使用及储存之说明。某些产品混合后可能制造致命的有毒气体或造成火灾。)

Store hazardous materials in their original containers. Changing containers is not only

dangerous - it is illegal.
(将危险物品储存在它原本的容器内。更换容器不但危险,而且违法。)

Use only portable storage containers listed by an independent testing laboratory for flammables and combustibles.

(只使用由测试可燃性之独立实验室所明列之可携式储存容器。)

Store flammable products - such as gasoline, kerosene, propane gas, and paint thinner- away from the home.

(在远离住家的地方储存可燃性产品,像是汽油、煤油、瓦斯及油漆稀释剂。)

Only fill portable gasoline containers outdoors in a well-ventilated area. Place the container on the ground to fill.

(只有在通风良好的户外区域装填可携式汽油容器。将容器置放于地下再装填。)

Never store flammables in direct sunlight or near an open flame or heat source.

(不要在阳光下或靠近明火或热源的地方储存可燃性物质。)

Inspect storage areas regularly for leaky containers, poor ventilation, and the smell offumes.

(定期检查储存区域是否有容器泄漏、通风不良及气体的味道。)

Store hazardous materials out of the reach of children and pets.

(在远离小孩及宠物的地方储存危险物品。)

Use guardrails and safety locks on shelves and cabinets to prevent containers from tipping over or falling out, especially if you live in an earthquake-prone area.

(在架子或橱柜使用栏杆及安全锁,以防止容器倾倒或掉落,特别是你住在容易发生地震的区域时。)
How Can I Make My Home Safer?
(我要如何让家里更安全?)
Disposal Tips(处置方法)
Follow disposal instructions on the product's label.(遵循产品卷标处理说明。)

Aerosol cans sometimes contain flammable or poisonous chemicals.If you dispose of them in the trash, they can be punctured and explode or starta fire.

(气雾剂有时可能包含可燃性或有毒化学物质。假如你把它们丢到垃圾中,它们可能被刺破而爆炸或造成火灾。)

In the event of a spill, thoroughly clean the area and place disposal containers ina well-ventilated area. If you can not control the spill, or are in doubt about clean up and disposal, call your local fire department.

(在泄漏事件中,彻底地清理该区域并将处理容器放在通风良好的地方。假如你不能控制泄漏的状况,或在清理及处理上有疑虑,联络当地消防单位。)

If your community has a designated household hazardous waste collection day or collection facility to dispose of hazardous materials, use this service whenever possible.

(假如你的小区有指定住家危险废弃物集中日或集中地点来处理危险物品,尽可能使用这项服务。)

Pay special attention to chemical products when moving them from place to place. The same rules apply for proper transportation as they do for storage.

(搬移化学产品时,请特别注意。储存时的原则同样适用于运送。)
Tips to Avoid a Hazardous Materials Emergency During a Natural Disaster
(天然灾害期间避免危险物品紧急事件的方法)
Follow these tips to help prevent hazardous materials from posingan added danger during a natural disaster:
(天然灾害期间遵循这些守则来帮助避免危险物品造成额外的危险:)
Alwaysuse a flashlight - not a candle - for emergency lighting.
(需要紧急照明时使用手电筒,而不是蜡烛。)
Knowing how to shut off the gas outside at the meter can save your life during an emergency.Once you shut off the gas only the gas company should turn it back on!
(了解如何去关闭外面的瓦斯计量器可以在紧急状况下拯救你的生命。一旦你关闭了瓦斯,只有瓦斯公司的人可以再重新开启。)
Mountor chain propane cylinders securely to prevent them from floating away during aflood.
(安全地固定或用锁链拴住瓦斯罐,以防止它们在淹水期间漂走。)
Secure fuel tanks to a cement slab to prevent them from tipping over or floating away duringa flood. Elevate tanks to prevent damage to the valves.
(将燃料箱固定在水泥板,以防止它们在淹水期间倾倒或漂走。)
Install flexible gas lines from cylinders or tanks to all gas and fuel appliances in your home.
(从瓦斯桶槽到家里所有瓦斯及燃料设备间安装可弯曲的瓦斯管。)
Make sure free standing sheds, garages, and small barns where hazardous materials arestored are tied down securely to the ground. Reinforce double entry or garage doors.
(确认独立的小屋、车库及小谷仓里的危险物品均安全地固定在地面。加强双重入口或车库门。)
Preventing Medical Oxygen Fires
(防止医疗用氧气火灾)
When using medical oxygen, the amount of oxygen in the air, furniture, clothing, hair,and bedding can increase. This means there is a higher risk of both fires and burns because it is easier for a fire to start and spread.
(当使用医疗用氧气时,空气中、家具、衣服、头发及寝具的氧气量会增加。这代表火灾及烧烫伤的风险增加,因为火灾更容易发生及蔓延。)

Preventing Medical Oxygen Fires

(防止医疗用氧气火灾)
When using medical oxygen, the amount of oxygen in the air, furniture, clothing, hair,and bedding can increase. This means there is a higher risk of both fires and burns because it is easier for a fire to start and spread.
(当使用医疗用氧气时,空气中、家具、衣服、头发及寝具的氧气量会增加。这代表火灾及烧烫伤的风险增加,因为火灾更容易发生及蔓延。)
Safety Tips
(安全守则)
Neversmoke in a home where medical oxygen is used.
(不要在使用医疗用氧气的家中抽烟。)
Post"No Smoking" signs inside and outside your home to remind residents andguests not to smoke.
(在住家的内外贴上「禁止抽烟」的标示以提醒居民及访客不要抽烟。)
Never use a candle, match, lighter, or other open flame.
(不要使用蜡烛、火柴、打火机或其它明火。)
Neveruse a fireplace, stove, or other equipment fueled by gas, kerosene, wood, or coal.
(不要使用壁炉、火炉或其它使用瓦斯、煤油、木头或木炭之设备。)
Do not allow children to use toys that spark.
(不要让小孩使用有火花之玩具。)
Keep oil, grease, and similar petroleum-based products away from oxygen valves.
They can cause a spontaneous explosion.

(让油、油脂、及其它类似石油产品远离氧气开关阀。它们可能会自爆。)

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